Transcription Factors Flashcards
What can stimulate or inhibit the transcription of genes?
transcription factors moving from the cytoplasm into the nucleus
What enables a cell to be specialised?
certain genes being switched on/off so only certain genes are transcribed and proteins produced
What type of molecule are transcription factors?
proteins
What happens after activator transcription factors bind to promoter region of DNA?
allows RNA polymerase to bind
What are the 2 parts of transcription factors?
receptor and DNA bind site
What happens if activator transcription factors do not bind?
the gene is inactive and proteins will not be made
What is oestrogen?
a steroid hormone that can work with transcriptional factors to initiate transcription
How does oestrogen initiate transcription?
binds to the receptor site on the transcription factor
How does oestrogen binding to the receptor allow transcription to occur?
changes the shape of the DNA binding site, making it complementary and able to bind to the DNA
What allows oestrogen to enter a cell?
it is lipid soluble so can diffuse through cell membranes
How do activated transcription factors enter the nucleus?
through nuclear pores
What are transcription factors an example of?
gene regulation
What is a repressor transcription factor?
a transcription factor which prevents RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter region
Where do transcription factors bind?
promoter region of a specific gene
