Transient Loss of Consciousness Flashcards
(42 cards)
When does Vasovagal syncope occur?
Nearly always while standing or sitting up erect
Who gets Vasovagal syncope?
Any age or gender
Typically recurrent
Who is Vasovagal syncope MC in?
Elderly & Physically impaired esp if inactive & multiple meds
What are the premonitory sx of vasovagal syncope?
- Light-headed
- Sweating
- Feeling hot or cold
- Pallor
What are the precipitating events of vasovagal syncope?
- Strong emotion
- Pain
- Fatigue
- Coughing
- Urinating
- N/V
- Swallowing
- Defecating
- Hunger
What is the duration of vasovagal syncope?
Seconds to minutes
15% of vasovagal syncope may be assoc w/ brief ___ ___ ____.
Generalized convulsive activity (<1 min)
What are the triggers for vasovagal syncope?
- Prolonged standing
- Hot or crowded cond
- Alcohol
How will the pt look during a syncope event?
- Pale
- Diaphoretic
- Tachycardic or bradycardic
- HOTN
What are the tech features of vasovagl syncope?
Anemia or inadequate hydration
What is the tx for vasovagal syncope?
- Correct underlying physiological ABN
- Recumbent position when warning sx present
- Vasopressors or alpha agonist
- Evaluate meds
What is the hx of Cardiogenic syncope?
Heart dz, palpitation or chest discomfort
What is Cardiogenic syncope NOT related to?
- Pain or emotional triggers
- Unrelated to posture
- LOC rarely results in injury
- Tongue biting & incontinence rare
How long does the post-ictal period last in Cardiogenic syncope?
Brief <5 min
What are the PE findings in Cardiogenic syncope?
Cardiac exam may be normal but MC ABN than w/ non-cardiac syncope
What may or may not be the tech findings of Cardiogenic syncope?
- Cardiomegaly on chest X-ray
- EKG ABN
- 24 hr up to 21day Holter monitor or other more invasive dx test suca as electrophyical studeies, ECHO, Cardiac CT or MRI
What is the tx for Cardiogenic syncope directed at?
Underlying cardiac disturb→ medical or surgical
What is the Management for Cardiogenic syncope?
Cardiac limitations & pt/family education
Who gets seizures?
Any age or gender
What is common hx features of seizures?
- Fhx of seizures
- Head trauma
- Co-morbid neuropsychiatirc hx
What are the PE findings of seizures?
- ABN neuro-psychiatric exam MC than w/ syncope
- Skin lesions common in pts w/ neurocutaneous synd
- Maybe evidence of injuries
What are the tech features of seizures?
- ABN brain imaging (MRI most sensitive) MC than in syncope but normal in >80%
- Electrophalogram may be dx, normal in >80% on any random EEG
What RF do pt with Brainstem TIA have?
- Advanged age
- HTN
- DM
- A-fib
- Hyperlipidemia
- Smoker
- PAD
- CAD
What is the duration of Brainstem TIA?
Minutes to hours
