Transition metals Flashcards

(31 cards)

1
Q

Give 4 general properties of transition metals

A

. They form coloured ions
. They act as catalysts
. They have a variety of oxidation states
. They form complex ions

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2
Q

Which subshell fill up with electrons first?

A

4s

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3
Q

Which subshell loses electrons first?

A

4s

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4
Q

Define transition metals

A

They are metals that form stable ions with partially-filled d orbitals

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5
Q

Name two metals in period 4 which are in the d-block but are not transition metals

A

Scandium and zinc

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6
Q

complex ions can display cis/trans isomerism if they are

A

square planar

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7
Q

What must all ligands have?

A

a lone pair electrons, so that it can form a dative covalent bond

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8
Q

What bonds do ligand form with transition metal ions?

A

Dative bonds

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9
Q

What do we call the number of dative covalent bonds?

A

Coordination number

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10
Q

What are dative covalent bonds also known as?

A

coordinate bonds

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11
Q

What determines the coordination number?

A

The size of the ligands

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12
Q

what ligands does cisplatin contain?

A

Chlorine ions and ammonium molecules

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13
Q

Complex ions can…

A

. Contain more than one type of ligand
. Involve no covalent bonds
. Involve no ionic bonds
. Have a positive overall charge
. Have a neutral overall charge
. Have a negative overall charge

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14
Q

What order do we give ligands in, when there are two types of them?

A

We list the ligands in alphabetical order

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15
Q

how to name a ligand

A

how many ligands there are, the type of ligand, the metal ion in the middle, then the oxidation state in brackets.

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16
Q

which ions tend to form a square planar shape?

A

Nickel, palladium or platinum

17
Q

what is the problem with cisplatin?

A

It is unstable

18
Q

do tetrahderal compounds show cis/trans isomersim

19
Q

At what degree would two ligands have to be to be considered cis

20
Q

what prefix is it is two ligand are opposite eachother?

21
Q

for complex ion to display cis/trans stereoisomerism, what shape must they be?

A

. Square planar
. Octahedral

22
Q

what isomer of platin helps treat cancer?

23
Q

what is a disadvantage of cisplatin?

A

It also binds to healthy cells

24
Q

How does cisplatin work?

A

Cis-platin, is a very effective chemotherapy drug against many
forms of cancer. Cis-platin works by attaching itself to DNA of cancer
cells. This prevents the DNA from replicating therefore cell division is
prevented in cancer cells. Activation of the cell’s own repair
mechanism leads to apoptosis (cell deat

25
26
Haem can form four dative covalent bonds. What is the term for this called?
Quadridentate
27
How many dative covalent bonds does the multidentate ligand in haem form?
4
28
What type of bond does oxygen form to haemoglobin?
Dative
29
What atom or ion does the oxygen molecule form the dative covalent bond with in haemoglobin?
Fe^2+
30
Does carbon dioxide form a stable bond with haemoglobin?
No
31
Why is carbon monoxide poisonous?
It forms a very stable bond with the Fe^2+ ion, so nothing else can bind to the haemoglobin, making it useless