Transition metals Flashcards
(31 cards)
Give 4 general properties of transition metals
. They form coloured ions
. They act as catalysts
. They have a variety of oxidation states
. They form complex ions
Which subshell fill up with electrons first?
4s
Which subshell loses electrons first?
4s
Define transition metals
They are metals that form stable ions with partially-filled d orbitals
Name two metals in period 4 which are in the d-block but are not transition metals
Scandium and zinc
complex ions can display cis/trans isomerism if they are
square planar
What must all ligands have?
a lone pair electrons, so that it can form a dative covalent bond
What bonds do ligand form with transition metal ions?
Dative bonds
What do we call the number of dative covalent bonds?
Coordination number
What are dative covalent bonds also known as?
coordinate bonds
What determines the coordination number?
The size of the ligands
what ligands does cisplatin contain?
Chlorine ions and ammonium molecules
Complex ions can…
. Contain more than one type of ligand
. Involve no covalent bonds
. Involve no ionic bonds
. Have a positive overall charge
. Have a neutral overall charge
. Have a negative overall charge
What order do we give ligands in, when there are two types of them?
We list the ligands in alphabetical order
how to name a ligand
how many ligands there are, the type of ligand, the metal ion in the middle, then the oxidation state in brackets.
which ions tend to form a square planar shape?
Nickel, palladium or platinum
what is the problem with cisplatin?
It is unstable
do tetrahderal compounds show cis/trans isomersim
No
At what degree would two ligands have to be to be considered cis
90 degrees
what prefix is it is two ligand are opposite eachother?
trans
for complex ion to display cis/trans stereoisomerism, what shape must they be?
. Square planar
. Octahedral
what isomer of platin helps treat cancer?
cisplatin
what is a disadvantage of cisplatin?
It also binds to healthy cells
How does cisplatin work?
Cis-platin, is a very effective chemotherapy drug against many
forms of cancer. Cis-platin works by attaching itself to DNA of cancer
cells. This prevents the DNA from replicating therefore cell division is
prevented in cancer cells. Activation of the cell’s own repair
mechanism leads to apoptosis (cell deat