Transition Metals Equations

Question 1

Manganese half equation

Answer 1

Reduction:
MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- -> Mn2+ + 4H2O

Question 2

Ligand

Answer 2

An atoms, ion or molecule which can donate a lone pair of electrons

Question 3

Complex

Answer 3

A central metal ion surrounded by ligands

Question 4

Coordinate bond

Answer 4

When a pair of electrons in the covalent bond is shared from only one of the ligands to the central ion.

Question 5

Coordination number

Answer 5

The number of coordinate bonds formed to a central metal ion

Question 6

Name three types of ligands

Answer 6

Monodentate, bidentate and multidentate

Question 7

Name three monodentate ligands

Answer 7

H20, NH3 and Cl-

Question 8

How many coordinate bonds does NH3 and H2O form and hence what are the coordination numbers

Answer 8

6

Question 9

How many coordinate bonds does Cl- form and what is the coordination number

Answer 9

4

Question 10

Monodentate ligand substitution equation between Co2+ with water ligand substituted by NH3 (complete)

Answer 10

[Co(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 6NH3(aq) -> [Co(NH3)6]2+(aq) + 6H2O(l)

Question 11

Monodentate ligand substitution equation between Cu2+ with water ligand substituted by excess NH3 (incomplete)

Question 12

Size and charge of NH3 and H2O, and how many coordinate bonds and the coordination number

Answer 12

They re similar in size due to similar Mr and they are uncharged. They can form 6 coordinate bonds so the coordination number is 6

Question 13

Cl- ligand size, charge, coordinate bonds and coordination number

Answer 13

They are larger due to larger Mr and charged. Because they are larger, they are only able to form 4 coordinate bonds so coordination number is 4.

Question 14

Complete substitution of Co2+ with H2O ligand substituted by NH3 ligand equation

Answer 14

[Co(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 6NH3(aq) -> [Co(NH3)6]2+(aq) + 6H2O(l)

Question 15

The coordination number between H2O and NH3

Answer 15

Does not change still 6

Question 16

Incomplete substitution reaction of Cu2+ with H2O substituted by NH3 equation and colour change

Answer 16

[Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4NH3(aq) -> [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+(aq) + 4H2O(l)
Blue solution to deep blue solution