Transmission Concepts I

Question 1

What is “Amplitude”?

Answer 1

A measure of a signal’s strength.

Question 2

What is “Hertz”?

Answer 2

A measure of frequency equivalent to the number of amplitude cycles per second.

Question 3

What is “Frequency”?

Answer 3

The number of times that a signal’s amplitude changes over a fixed period of time, expressed in cycles per second, or hertz.

Question 4

What is “Bit”?

Answer 4

A bit equals a single pulse in the digital encoding system. It may have only one of two values: 0 or 1.

Question 5

What is “Byte”?

Answer 5

Eight bits of information. In a digital signaling system, broadly speaking, 1 byte carries one piece of information.

Question 6

What is “Modulation”?

Answer 6

A technique for formatting signals in which one property of a simple carrier wave is modified by the addition of a data signal during transmission.

Question 7

What is “Simplex”?

Answer 7

A type of transmission in which signals may travel in only one direction over a medium.

Question 8

What is “Half-Duplex”?

Answer 8

A type of transmission in which signals may travel in both directions over a medium, but in only one direction at a time.

Question 9

What is “Full-Duplex”?

Answer 9

A type of transmission in which signals may travel in both directions over a medium simultaneously.

Question 10

What is “Muliplexing”?

Answer 10

A form of transmission that allows multiple signals to travel simultaneously over one medium.

Question 11

What is “Throughput”?

Answer 11

The amount of data that a medium can transmit during a given period of time. Throughput is usually measured in megabits per second or Mbps. The physical nature of every transmission media determines its potential throughput.

Question 12

What is “Cross Talk”?

Answer 12

A type of interference caused by signals traveling on nearby wire pairs infringing on another pair’s signal.

Question 13

What is “Attenuation”?

Answer 13

The extent to which a signal has weakened after traveling a given distance.

Question 14

What is “Latency”?

Answer 14

The delay between the transmission of a signal and its receipt

Question 15

What is “RTT”?

Answer 15

The length of time it takes for a packet to go from sender to receiver, then back from receiver to sender. RTT is usually measured in milliseconds.

Question 16

What is “EMI”?

Answer 16

A type of interference that may be caused by motors, power lines, televisions, copiers, fluorescent lights, or other sources of electrical activity.

Question 17

What is the color code for TIA/EIA 568B Termination (from pin 1 to pin 8)?

Answer 17

Pin 1: Orange/White
Pin 2: Orange
Pin 3: Green/White
Pin 4: Blue
Pin 5: Blue/White
Pin 6: Green
Pin 7: Brown/White
Pin 8: Brown

Question 18

What is RTT?

Answer 18

(Round Trip Time). The length of time it takes for a packet to go from sender to receiver, then back from receiver to sender. This is measures in milliseconds.

Question 19

What is plenum?

Answer 19

Plastic insulation that surrounds each wire. Plenum is fire resistant and non-toxic. It must be used when wiring above ceiling tile.

Question 20

What is STP?

Answer 20

Shielded Twisted Pair. Multiple wires that are twisted to reduce EMI. IT has a grounded outer copper shield around the bundle of twisted pairs or around each pair. See image below.

Question 21

What is UTP?

Answer 21

Unshielded Twisted Pair - Multiple wire pairs that are twisted together and bundled in an outer sheath. See image below.

Question 22

What type of connection is this?

Answer 22

RJ-11

Question 23

What is Thicknet?

Answer 23

An IEEE physical layer standard for achieving a maximum of 10Mbps thoughput over coaxial copper calbe. Thicknet is also know as 10Base-5. It’s maximum segment length is 500 meters, and it relies on a bus topology.

Question 24

What is RG-6?

Answer 24

A type of coaxial cable with an impedance of 75 ohms and that contains an 18 AWG core conductor. RG-6 is used for television, satellite and broadband cable connections.

Question 25

What is RG-58?

Answer 25

A type of coaxial cable characterized by a 50-ohm impedance and a 24 AWG core. RG-58 was a poplular medium for Ethernet LANS in the 1980s, used for the now-obsolete 10BASE-2 standard.

Question 26

What is RG-59?

Answer 26

A type of coaxial cable characterized by a 75-ohm impedance and a 20 or 22AWG core, usually made of braided copper. Less expesnive but suffering greater attenuation than the more common RG-6 coax, RG-59 is used for relatively short connections.

Question 27

What is "TWISTED PAIR"?

Answer 27

A type of cable similar to telephone wiring that consists of color-coded pairs of insulated copper wires, twisted around each other and encased in plastic coating. See image below.

Question 28

What is Cat 3 ?

Answer 28

A form of UTP that contains four wire pairs and can carry up to 10Mbps, with a possible bandwidth of 15 MHz. Cat 3 was used for 10-Mbps Ethernet or 4-Mbps token ring networks.

Question 29

What is Cat 5?

Answer 29

A form of UTP that contains four wire pairs and supports up to 100-Mbps throughput and a 100-Mhz signal rate.

Question 30

What is Cat 5e?

Answer 30

A higher-grade version of Cat 5 wiring that contains high quality copper, offers a high twist ratio, and uses advanced methods for reducing cross talk. Enhanced Cat 5 can support signaling rate of up to 350 Mhz, more than triple the capability of regular Cat 5.

Question 31

What is Cat 6?

Answer 31

A twisted pair cable that contains four wire pairs, each wrapped in foil insulation. Additional foil insulation covers the bundle of wire pairs, and a fire-resistant plastic sheath cover the second foil layer. The foil insulation provides excellent resistance to cross talk and enables Cat 6 to support a signaling rate of 250 Mhz and a least six time the throughput supported by a regular Cat 5.

Question 32

What is Cat 6a?

Answer 32

A higher-grade version of Cat 6 wiring that further reduces attenuation and cross talk and allows for potentially exceeding traditional network segment length limits. Cat 6a is capable of a 500 MHz signaling rate and can reliably transmit data at a multi-gigabit per second rates.

Question 33

What is Cat 7?

Answer 33

A twisted pair cable that contains multiple wire pairs, each seperately shiedled then surrounded by another layer of shielding within the jacket. Cat 7 can support up to a 1-GHz signal rate. But because of the extra layers, it is less flexible than other forms of twisted pair wiring.

Question 34

Name the connector:

Answer 34

F-type Connector. Used for coaxial cabling.

Question 35

Name the Connector:

Answer 35

BNC connector. Used for coaxial cabling.

Question 36

What is the color code for TIA/EIA 568A Termination (from pin 1 to pin 8)?

Answer 36

What is the color code for TIA/EIA 568A Termination (from pin 1 to pin 8)? Pin 1: Green/White Pin 2: Green Pin 3: Orange/White Pin 4: Blue Pin 5: Blue/White Pin 6: Orange Pin 7: Brown/White Pin 8: Brown

Question 37

Name the connector below:

Answer 37

(STRAIGHT TIP CONNECTOR). Existing fiber networks might use ST connectors.

Question 38

Name the connector below:

Answer 38

ST or SUBSCRIBER CONECTOR

Question 39

Name the Connector:

Answer 39

LC or Local Connector

Question 40

Name the Connector:

Answer 40

MT-RJ or Mechanical Transfer Registered Jack. Connector is unique because it contains two strands of fiber in a single Ferrule, which is a short tube within a connector that encircles the fiber and keeps it properly aligned.