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Transmissions And Control Cables Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

What is the purpose of transmission cables?

A

Change direction of control run is achieved by chain wheels and pulleys

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2
Q

Where are transmission cables found?

A

Control column installation
Aileron and elevator controls
Trim control systems

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3
Q

What are chains classified by?

A

Pitch
Roller diameter
Width between inner plates

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4
Q

What is fitted inside each roller to allow chain articulation around the sprocket?

A

Bush assembly

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5
Q

What is used to change the angle of the chain?

A

Bi-planer block

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6
Q

What are chain drives?

Where used?

A

Non-slip power transmission with a large gap between gears
Low friction
Smooth running

Used in engines

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7
Q

What should the number of chains on chain wheels be on roller chains?

A

No smaller than 12 teeth

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8
Q

What should chain wheels be?

Noise?

A

No smaller than 17 teeth

Virtually silent

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9
Q

What is trim control?

A

Power transmission achieved by chain drive
Tensioned by a chain tightener
Safety covers used to prevent separation
Every second link is an irreversible link

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10
Q

What are couplings used for?

A

To connect two shafts together

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11
Q

Three types of couplings?

A

Solid couplings
Moveable and Disconnectable couplings
Safety couplings

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12
Q

Which coupling is best known?

A

Sleeve coupling

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13
Q

What are Solid couplings?

A

Two cast iron sleeve fixed to the shaft ends by screws

Adjusting springs added if contact pressure is not high enough to transfer torque

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14
Q

What are Disk couplings?

A

Two disks fitted to the shaft ends by screws

Balancing achieved by a cylindrical insertion or a centre plate

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15
Q

What are Moveable couplings?

A

Used if shafts are not exactly aligned or if position of shaft changes during operation changes
Extension couplings allow small longitudinal movement

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16
Q

Types of gears

A

Drive gear - input gear
Driven gear - output gear
Can gain mechanical advantage (tooth ratio)

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17
Q

What is toothed wheel gear?

A

Transfer rotational movement at low speeds without any slip, operate in oil bath to reduce noise, need to be protected against contamination and to prevent accidents

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18
Q

What are Spur gears?

A

Straight tooth gears internal or external teeth

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19
Q

What is an external spur gear?

A

Used for change of speed, shafts lie parallel

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20
Q

What is an internal spur gear?

A

Pinion (smallest)
Spur (larger)
Gears rotate in the same direction, space saving

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21
Q

What is the most common gear?

A

Spur gears

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22
Q

What are Helical gears?

Noise?

A

Transmit drive between parallel shafts
Produce axial load on respective bearings

Very quiet

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23
Q

What are Rack and Pinion gears?

A

Convert rotation motion into linear motion

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24
Q

What are worm gears?

A

Helically cut gear on an input shaft driving a spur gear - mounted wheel on output shaft

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25
Difference between worm gears and bevel gears?
Worm gives larger “step down”
26
What are Bevel gears?
Transmit drives between shafts having intersecting axes | May be found on engines
27
What should the angle of teeth be on herringbone? Why?
No larger than 20 degrees To avoid excess axial force
28
What is Backlash?
Clearance between gear teeth and point of mesh
29
What indicates excessive backlash?
Worn teeth
30
What is Idler gear?
Interposed between drive and driven shaft
31
What is Pinion?
Smaller of two mating gears
32
What is lay-shaft?
Shaft which supports idle gear
33
What are stepped pulley drives?
Single pulley drive - only as many rotational speeds as belt pulley has stages Multiple pulley drive - two three-stage pulleys in series, produce 9 rotational speeds
34
What are the two types of Toothed gears?
Caster swivel wheel gears | Driving key type transmissions
35
What are toothed gears?
Engage and reach rotational speeds by sideways movement Several gears arranged in series Not suitable on drive machines for precision work Usually only change gears during start-up or run-down
36
Different types of Infinitely Variable Rotational Speeds
Friction gears | Cone pulley drives
37
What are friction gears?
Driving friction wheel is moveable so the rotational speed of the driven friction disk is infinitely variable
38
What are cone pulley drives?
Suitable for transmission of smaller forces at high rotational speeds
39
What are Push Rods?
Transmit push/pull forces
40
What are Quadrants?
Forces transferred via cable quadrants
41
What are Rotary Selectors?
Transmit swinging or rotary movements
42
What is Step-up drive?
Provides higher speeds compared to the input
43
What is step-down drive?
Provides output drive of lower speeds compared to input
44
What are reduction gears?
Arrangement by which an input speed can be lowered to a slower output speed with same or more torque
45
Advantages of Control Cables?
Weight saving over mechanical actuators | Can be routed anywhere via pulleys and guides
46
What do Control Cables consist of?
Tensile strength minimum 1200 N/mm^2 | Breaking elongation 2-7%
47
How are Control Cables made?
Wires twisted into strands | Strands twisted into cables
48
How are cables tensioned?
Cable tensiometer Large aircraft have complex auto tensioning systems Small aircraft have tension set at a compromised setting
49
What are Cable Terminals?
``` Ball and Double Shank Ball and Single Shank Long Threaded Stud End Short Threaded Stud End Fork End Eye End ```
50
What are Fairleads?
Guides to prevent contact with structure
51
What are Pressure Seals?
Through pressure bulkhead | Sealed with grease - prevents air loss
52
What are Pulleys?
Direction change | Guard pin prevents pulleys from falling off wheel
53
What are Cable Turnbuckles?
Attach cable ends and facilitate cable tensioning Left Hand and Right Hand threads Rotate barrel/body Never lubricate Safety clip locking or wire locking
54
What are Flexible Remote Control Systems?
Manually operated from flight deck Operating trim tabs, brake control valves, engine controls, etc Can be bent to pass through structures
55
Two Cable and Conduit methods?
Teleflex | Bowden
56
What is Teleflex?
Pushes and pulls Tension wire with either left or right helix winding Engaging with gear teeth on control wheels
57
Three types of Teleflex?
DS 23/2 - left hand helix winding - 3/16” in diameter DS 380 - right hand helix DS 169330 - exact same as DS 23/2 but used in hot areas
58
What is a Single Entry Unit?
For Teleflex Limited to 270 degrees travel Minimum of 40 degrees at all times
59
What is a Double Entry Unit?
For Teleflex Greater travel Emerges at either 90, 120, or 180 degrees travel
60
What is a Spent Travel Tube?
Spare cable emerging from a double entry unit
61
What is an Anti-torsion tube?
Prevents cable from rotating during operation
62
What is a straight lead unit?
Not suited to heavy loads
63
What is a Junction Box?
Used to reverse the direction of travel of the control cable | Branch on run of cable to operate two components
64
What is a Sliding End Fitting?
Guide tubes terminating in a fork, eye, ball joint, internal or external threaded fitting Cable is attached by either a special collet attachment or a lock spring and plug
65
What is the end fitting for a sliding end fitting?
Joint consists of a ball and socket connection inside a housing attached to the end of the rigid conduit
66
What is a Distributor Box?
Cables to Teleflex to screw jacks | Rotary to linear for trim tabs in conjunction with a torsion drive
67
Two conduit connectors?
Nipple type connectors | Clamp connector
68
What are Quick Break Units?
Various types | Facilitate removal of components without disturbing control
69
What are Bowden Controls?
``` Pull only Light loads only Returns via a spring Non-corrodible Steel Close coil wire Cotton braid Waterproof coating Prevent fraying - fit end caps (Bicycle brakes) ```
70
Three types of End Fittings on Bowden Controls?
Spherical Trunnion Plain
71
What are Adjustment Stops?
Hexagonal headed screws drilled to allow cable to pass through Protective caps on screws Stop fitted to remote end of cable - mounted in a tee barrel
72
Three types of connectors?
Cable connector Control connector Junction box
73
What is a cable connector?
Used to join different lengths of cable Two cables only Cannot be used where conduit is fitted
74
What is a control connector?
For joining two Bowden controls
75
What is a Junction Box?
Used where two components are controlled by a single control or vice versa

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