transplants Flashcards
what is considered when matching organs
HLA blood type
blood type
acute rejection
occurs days 3-14
chronic rejection
occurs after years
how is rejection detected?
ultrasound, if kidney is enlarged, t can indicate rejection, sometimes the kidney will need to be removed
kidney transplant patients are at a crazy high risk for what?
infection. (75% contract in infection in the first year post op)
two types of transplants that come from the pancreas
pancreas
islet cells
most common type of heart transplant
orthotopic: decreased AV valve regurgitation, dysrythmias, conduction abmnormalities
complications of a transplant
bleeding- leak at anastamosis DIC failure of other organ systems infection rejection
hyperacute rejection
graft fails minutes to hours after transplant
sometimes organ looks ischemic, and cyanotic in surgery, the organ is being attacked by the T-lymphocytes and donor organs
acute rejection
most common type of rejection
2 weeks to 2 years after surgery
most patients have an acute phase of rejection
prompt trx with is critical
when people go into rejection they normal encounter what?
the original S/s of failure
kidney rejection s/s
increased BUN/creatnine decreased urinary output increased blood pressure flu like illness low grade fever dependent edema uremic frost
liver rejection s/s
RUQ tenderness increased liver enzymes flu like symptoms itching and jaundice elevated LST/AST
pancreas rejection
decreased urine pH
decreased amylase
hyperglycemia (late sign) r/f DKA
lung transplant rejection
asymptomatic
fever, malaise, dyspnea
nonproductive cough
drop in pulse ox
