Transport Across Cell Membrane Flashcards
(20 cards)
Long fiber that carries electrical impulses away from the neuron’s cell body.
Axon
Branch-like parts of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.
Dendrites
A slight increase in membrane potential, making the inside of the cell less negative.
Hypopolarization
A rapid change where the cell’s interior becomes more positive due to sodium influx.
Depolarization
Return of the membrane potential to a negative value after depolarization.
Repolarization
Connective tissue layer surrounding each individual nerve fiber.
Endoneurium
Connective tissue that wraps around bundles (fascicles) of nerve fibers.
Perineurium
Time when a neuron cannot generate another action potential.
Refractory period
Outermost connective tissue layer that surrounds the whole nerve.
Epineurium
Fatty coating that insulates axons and speeds up signal transmission.
Myelin Sheath
Initial part of repolarization when potassium begins to exit the cell.
Early Repolarization
Period when a stronger-than-normal stimulus is needed to initiate another action potential.
Relative Refractoriness
Stimuli not strong enough to trigger an action potential.
Subthreshold stimuli
Chemical that transmits signals across a synapse.
Neurotransmitter
Minimum stimulus required to initiate an action potential.
Threshold Stimuli
Stimuli stronger than threshold that also trigger an action potential.
Suprathreshold stimula
Part of the neuron that releases neurotransmitters.
Presynaptic membrane
Part of the target cell that receives neurotransmitters.
Postsynaptic membrane
Enumerate the 12 cranial nerves
- Olfactory nerve
- Optic nerve
- Occulomotor nerve
- Trochlear nerve
- Trigeminal nerve
- Abducens nerve
- Facial nerve
- Vestibulochlear nerve
- Gloscopharyngeal nerve
- Vagus nerve
- Accessory nerve
- Hypoglossal nerve
Enumerate the 5 classifications of spinal nerves with their number of pairs.
- Cervical, 1 pair
- Thoracic, 12 pairs
- Lumbar, 5 pairs
- Sacral, 5 pairs
- Coccygeal, 1
