transport in cells + Plant tissues, organs and systems

Question 1

What is Active transport?

Answer 1

Substances being moved from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration against the concentration gradient

Question 2

What does active transport require?

Answer 2

Energy

Question 3

Why is active transport required?

Answer 3

To move molecules against a concentration gradient

Question 4

What process is used for plants to take in ions from soil around it?

Answer 4

Active transport

Question 5

What plant structure first takes in the ions?

Answer 5

Root hairs

Question 6

What is active transport used for in animals?

Answer 6

Glucose molecules moved across gut wall into blood

Question 7

What is active transport used for in plants?

Answer 7

So the plant can take in mineral ions

Question 8

Where does energy come from for active transport in animals?

Answer 8

Respiration

Question 9

Where does energy come from for active transport in plants?

Answer 9

Photosynthesis

Question 10

Is energy required for osmosis?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Is energy required for diffusion?

Answer 11

No

Question 12

What is diffusion?

Answer 12

Substances move into the root hair from a high concentration in the soil to a low concentration in the root hair down a concentration gradient

Question 13

What is osmosis?

Answer 13

Water moving from a concentrated to dilute solution through a semi permeable membrane down a concentration gradient

Question 14

What is active transport?

Answer 14

Substances moving across a concentration gradient

Question 15

What is isotonic point?

Answer 15

No overall movement of water in or out of the cells

Question 16

How are sugars transported in the plant?

Answer 16

Translocation

Question 17

What is the term for when water evaporates off a plants leaves and water moves up the xylem

Answer 17

Transpiration

Question 18

What is the xylem strengthened by?

Answer 18

Lignin

Question 19

What effects the rate of transpiration?

Answer 19

Light intensity

Temperature

Air flow

Humidity

Question 20

How does CO2 enter the leaf?

Answer 20

Diffuses into the leaf through stomata (in the lower eperdermis)

Moves into spongy mesophyll (gaps for easy diffusion)

Moves into the palisade mesophyll (contains lots of chloroplasts + majority of photosynthesis occurs)

Question 21

How does sunlight reach the site of photosynthesis?

Answer 21

Passes through eperdermis to reach palisade cells

Question 22

How is water loss prevented?

Answer 22

• Waxy cuticle (top layer)

- Guard cells close stomata (Reduce evaporation)

Question 23

What is the definition of turgid?

Answer 23

cells that are full of water

Question 24

How is water loss balanced with CO2 absorption? (bottom layer)

Answer 24

Guard cells control opening of stomata

High water concentration - guard cells turgid (open stomata)

Low water concentration - Guard cells loose water through osmosis - Become flaccid - Stomata closes