Transport in humans

Question 1

Pathway of blood

Answer 1

right atrium -> right ventricle -> pulmonary arteries -> lungs -> pulmonary veins -> heart -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> aorta -> body’s tissues

Question 2

Plasma proteins

Answer 2

• fibrinogen -> blood clotting
• antibodies -> defence against germs
• albumin -> maintaining stable water potential of blood

Question 3

Diameter of RBC

Answer 3

0.008mm

Question 4

Site of formation of RBC

Answer 4

red bone marrow of long & flat bones ; ribs

Question 5

Life span of RBC

Answer 5

4 months
- then destroyed in liver & spleen

Question 6

Diameter of WBC

Answer 6

0.01mm

Question 7

Lifespan of WBC

Answer 7

few days

Question 8

Site of formation of WBC

Answer 8

in the bone marrow ; lymphocytes then undergo maturation in the thymus gland

Question 9

Tricuspid valve

Answer 9

between right atrium & right ventricle

Question 10

Bicuspid / mitral valve

Answer 10

between left atrium & left ventricle

Question 10

Semi-lunar valve

Answer 10

base of pulmonary artery & aorta

Question 11

4 phases of cardiac cycle

Answer 11

• atrial diastole
• atrial systole
• ventricular systole
• ventricular diastole

Question 12

Atrial diastole

Answer 12

2 atria relax and fill with blood
- right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from vena cava
- left atrium receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary vein

Question 13

Atrial systole

Answer 13

2 atria contract together to pump blood into the ventricles
- atrio-ventricular valves open to allow blood to flow from the atria -> ventricles ; atrial pressure exceeds ventricular pressure