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Life Sciences GR10 > Transport In Mammals > Flashcards

Transport In Mammals Flashcards

1
Q

What circulatory system do humans have

A

A double circulatory system with 2 Pearys’ called the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation

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2
Q

What is an artery

A

A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the tissues

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3
Q

What is a vein

A

A blood vessel that carries blood from the tissues towards the heart

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4
Q

What is the largest blood vessel in our body

A

The aorta

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5
Q

Where does the deoxygenated blood travel?

A

In the left atrium and the right ventricle

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6
Q

Where does oxygenated blood travel

A

In the left ventricle and the right atrium

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7
Q

What is the average human heartbeat per minute

A

72 beats

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8
Q

What is the skin that covers the heart?

A

The pericardium

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9
Q

What are the vena cava

A

The main veins that collect blood from the body and bring it to the heart

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10
Q

What is the heart divided by

A

The septum

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11
Q

What does the septum do?

A

Prevents blood from moving from one side of the heart to the other

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12
Q

How many chambers do our hearts have

A

4 chambers

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13
Q

What valve is on the right of the heart

A

Tricuspid valve

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14
Q

What valve is on the left of the heart

A

Bicuspid valve

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15
Q

What valve is found at the opening of the artery

A

Semilunar valve

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16
Q

What do the valves in the heat do

A

Make sure that blood only flows in one direction

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17
Q

What muscle is the heart

A

Cardiac muscle

18
Q

What is the cardiac cycle

A

The contracting and relaxing of the heart

19
Q

What is is called when the muscle contracts

A

Systole

20
Q

What is it called when the muscle relaxes

A

Diastole

21
Q

How long does one cardiac cycle take?

A

0.8 seconds

22
Q

When is adrenaline released

A

When the body is under stress and it causes the heart to beat faster

23
Q

What are the 3 different types of blood vessels

A

Arteries, capillaries and veins

24
Q

What do arteries do

A

Take blood from the heart to the rest of the body

25
Q

True or False: Arteries carry blood at high pressure

A

True

26
Q

What are arterioles

A

Smaller arteries

27
Q

What are capillaries

A

Very tiny blood vessels

28
Q

What is a capillary bed

A

A groups of capillaries that came from arterioles

29
Q

What do veins do

A

Carey blood that constrains waste substances back to the heart

30
Q

Do veins carry high or low pressure

A

Low pressure

31
Q

True or false: A vein has no pulse

A

True

32
Q

Define varicose veins

A

Stretched veins that are caused when blood doesn’t flow properly

33
Q

What are the 3 main types of blood cells in blood plasma

A

1) Erythrocytes (RBC)
2) Leucocytes (WBC)
3) Thrombocytes (Platelets)

34
Q

What are functions of the lymphatic system?

A
  • Drain away excess tissue fluids
  • Returns plasma proteins to the blood
  • Removes bacteria and toxins
35
Q

Define congenital

A

Something that exists at birth

36
Q

What is blood pressure measured in

A

Hg (millimeters of mercury)

37
Q

What are the 2 numbers in a blood pressure reading

A

1) pressure in arteries during systole
2) pressure in arteries during diastole

38
Q

Define hypertension

A

High blood pressure which causes heart attacks

39
Q

Define hypotension

A

Low blood pressure which can cause a heart attack

40
Q

What is angina

A

The pain a person feels in their chest when a part of their heart does not get enough blood

41
Q

What can high cholesterol cause

A

Atherosclerosis

42
Q

What are options for treatment of heart diseases

A
  • Coronary bypass
  • Stents
  • Heart valve surgery
  • Pacemaker
  • Transplant

Life Sciences GR10 (11 decks)

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