transport mechanisms and plant organs

Question 1

How are root hairs adapted to their function?

Answer 1

Root hairs are elongated to increase surface area for water and nutrient absorption.

Question 2

What is the function of xylem?

Answer 2

Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves.

Xylem moves substances upwards.

Question 3

What substance is found in xylem vessels to strengthen them?

Answer 3

Lignin is found in xylem vessels to provide strength.

Question 4

What is the function of phloem?

Answer 4

Phloem transports sugars and nutrients throughout the plant.

Phloem moves substances in both directions.

Question 5

What is the name of the process that moves sugar around a plant?

Answer 5

The process is called translocation.

Question 6

What is the function of stomata?

Answer 6

Stomata regulate gas exchange and water loss in plants.

Question 7

How does water move from the roots to the leaves in a plant?

Answer 7

Water moves through the xylem vessels via capillary action and transpiration.

Question 8

List and explain four factors that can increase the rate of water loss from a plant.

Answer 8

1. High temperature - increases evaporation.
2. Low humidity - enhances water loss.
3. Wind - removes moisture from leaf surfaces.
4. Light intensity - increases photosynthesis and transpiration rates.