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Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

What are the signs of compartment syndrome?

A

Pain out of proportion, pallor, paresthesias, paralysis, pulselessness

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2
Q

What are the compartments of the foot?

A

Medial, lateral, superficial, adductor, calcaneal and 4 interossei

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3
Q

What is the normal Bohler’s angle? Does it increase or decrease with calc fx?

A

Normal is 25-40. Decreases with fx

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4
Q

What is the normal Gissane’s angle? Does it increase or decrease with calc fx?

A

Normal is 120-145. Increases with fx

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5
Q

What is Hoffa sign?

A

Decreased PF strength due to comminuted calc fx

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6
Q

What is Mondor’s sign?

A

Ecchymosis around heel due to calc fx

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7
Q

What is fleck sign?

A

Avulsion between mets 1 and 2 due to lisfranc injury

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8
Q

What types of injuries should compartment syndrome be expected?

A

Calc fx, lisfranc injuries, pilon fractures, high velocity injuries

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9
Q

What is treatment for a Jahss 1?

A

ORIF - no disruption of intersesamoid ligament makes closed reduction problematic

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10
Q

What is the Hardcastle equivalent of a Quenu and Kuss divergent injury?

A

Hardcastle C1 and C2

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11
Q

What is the Hardcastle equivalent of a Quenu and Kuss homolateral/convergent injury?

A

Hardcastle A

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12
Q

What is the Hardcastle equivalent of a Quenu and Kuss isolateral injury?

A

Hardcastle B1 and B2

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13
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 1?

A

Tuberosity fx of navicula - nutcracker syndrome

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14
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 2?

A

Dorsal lip fx of navicula

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15
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 3a?

A

Transverse body fx of navicula - non displaced

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16
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 3b?

A

Transverse body fx of navicula - displaced

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17
Q

What is a Watson & Jones Type 4?

A

Stress fx of naviula

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18
Q

Sanders is a classification for what injury?

A

Calc fx for CT coronal and axial views

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19
Q

What is a Sheperd’s fx?

A

Fx of lateral tubercle of posterior process of the talus

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20
Q

What is a Cedel fx?

A

Fx of the medical tubercle of the posterior process of the talus

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21
Q

What is a Rowe 1a?

A

Calc fx - tubercle

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22
Q

What is a Rowe 1b?

A

Susten tali fx

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23
Q

What is a Rowe 1c?

A

Anterior process fx of calcaneus

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24
Q

What is a Rowe 2a?

A

Fx of posterosuperior aspect of calc - beak fx due to direct trauma

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25
What is a Rowe 2b?
Fx of posterosuperior aspect of calc - achilles avulsion
26
What is a Rowe 3?
Oblique calc body fx not involving STJ
27
What is a Rowe 4?
Calc body fx involving STJ
28
What is a Rowe 5?
Central depression calc fx with comminution
29
What is Broca classification for?
STJ dislocations - MC is medial
30
What is Eckert & Davis classification for?
Peroneal subluxation
31
What is hallmark injury in SAD ankle fx?
Vertical fx of medial mal
32
What is hallmark injury in PAB ankle fx?
Short oblique fib fx - spiral on AP and transverse on lateral
33
What is hallmark injury in SER ankle fx?
Spiral fib fx
34
What is hallmark injury of PER ankle fx?
High fib fx
35
What is a Maisonneuve fx?
Fib fx within 10cm of fibular head - worry about injury to common peroneal
36
What is a Pott's fx?
Bimalleolar fx
37
What is Cotton's fx?
Trimalleolar fx
38
What is Bosworth's fx?
Lateral mal fx with displacement
39
What is a Tillaux fx?
Avulsion of PITFL from tibia
40
What is Wagstaffe fx?
Avulsion of PITFL from fibula
41
What is Thurston-Holland sign?
Flag sign - In salter harris 2 fx - triangular sign left proximally
42
What is a triplane fx?
Peds ankle fx - Type 3 on AP, Type 2/4 on lateral
43
What is Ruedi & Algower classification for?
Pilon Fx
44
Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 1
Open fx - less than 1cm - tx with ancef
45
Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 2
Open fx with wound 1-5 cm - tx with ancef and clinda
46
Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 3a
Open fx with wound >5cm with adequate soft tissue coverage - delay fixation - tx with ancef, clinda and aminoglycoside/vanco
47
Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 3b
Open fx with wound >5cm with extensive soft tissue damage and periosteal stripping - delay fixaon - tx with ancef, clinda and aminoglycoside/vanco
48
Describe Gustillo-Anderson type 3c
Open fx with wound >5cm with arterial damage requiring primary repair - delay fixation - tx with ancef, clinda and aminoglycoside/vanco
49
What is Volkman's fx?
Fx of posterior tibia - only fixate if involves greater than 25% of articular surface
50
What is allodynia?
Pain out of proportion for given stimuli
51
What is Volkman's contracture?
Contracture due to compartment syndrome - muscle ischemia --> necrosis --> contractures
52
Describe esses lopresti classification
Calc fx - joint depression and tongue type
53
What is Theiman disease?
Osteochondritis of phlanges
54
What is Freiberg's disease?
Osteochondritis of met heads (MC 2nd)
55
What is Iselin's disease?
Osteochondritis of 5th met base
56
What is Buschke's disease?
Osteochondritis of cuneiforms
57
What is Kohler's disease?
Osteochondritis of navicula
58
What is Lance disease?
Osteochondritis of cubiod
59
What is Sever's disease?
Osteochondritis of calcaneus
60
What is Osgood Schlatter's disease?
Osteochondritis of tibial tuberosity
61
What is Assman's disease?
Osteochondritis of 1st met head
62
What is neurapraxia?
Nerve contusion/compression - Sunderland 1
63
What is axontmesis?
Axonal damage without endodernial damage - wallerian degeneration - sunderland 2 & 3
64
What is neurontmesis?
Partial or complete severance of nerve with complete disruption of endoneurial tubes - sunderland 4 & 5
65
Describe Rosenthall classification
Nail bed injuries - zone 1 distal to distal phalanx, zone 2 distal to lunula, zone 3 proximal to lunula
66
What is Treve's disease?
Osteochondritis of fibular sesamoid
67
What bones in the foot have the highest incidence of stress fx?
2nd met
68
What are the two types of non unions?
Hypertrophic and atrophic
69
What is pseudoarthrosis?
False joint formed at fracture site due to incomplete immobilization
70
At what intercompartmental pressure should fasciotomy be considered?
30 - 45 mm Hg
71
What is Vassal's principle?
Reduction of dominant fracture will reduce other fractures - fib fx is dominant in ankle fracture
72
What is Sudek's atrophy?
Specific to stage 2 CRPS - osteolysis in spotty pattern
73
What is Renandier's disease?
Osteochondritis of tibial sesamoid
74
What is Diaz disease?
Osteochondritis of talus
75
What is Blount's disease?
Osteochondritis of proximal tibia

Podiatry (6 decks)

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