Trauma/Hemo Flashcards by Ty Hobbs

In a tension pneumothorax a tracheal shift is a ________ sign on external exam and a _______ sign on radiographic.

Late

2. Early

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Cyanosis is only visible with a HGB greater than _____

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Needle Thoracostomy can be done at:

2nd Intercostal Space mid calvicular.

2. 4th or 5th Intercostal Space, anterior or mid-axillary line.

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Tube Thoracostomy is done at:

4th Intercostal Space Anterior Axillary Line.

For purpose of the Exam

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Hold off on ______ and _______ on tension pneumo as long as possible.

Positive Pressure Ventilation

Intubation

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Trachea is ______ with a hemothorax

Midline

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Open Pneumothorax treatment:

Occlusive Dressing placed upon EXHALATION taped on 3 side only until a chest tube is placed
Seal 4th side post chest tube.

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Flail Chest treatment

Consider Intubation with PEEP
Injured Side Down
Limit Fluids as able

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Beck’s Triad

Muffled Heart Tone
JVD
Narrowed Pulse Pressure

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Pulsus Paradoxus

Pulse Quality changes with respiration when palpating

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Early Tamponade S/S

Sinus Tach

Pulsus Paradoxus

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Late Tamponade S/S

Severe Hypotension

Beck’s Triad

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Aortic Rupture

Harsh Systolic Murmur

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Aortic Ruptur CXR finding

Widening Mediastiunum

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Diaphragmatic Rupture S/S

Dyspnea
Bowel Sound in Chest
Cyanosis
Scaphoid Abdomen

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Diaphragmatic Rupture

NGT/OGT

Strict NPO

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Tracheobronchioal Disruption S/S

Continuous Air Leak or persistent pneumothorax
Rapidly progressing subcutaneous emphysema
Pneumomediastinum

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Newton’s First Law

An object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest, unless acted on by an outside force

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Newton’s Second Law

F=ma

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Newton’s Third Law

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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Rear End Collision Predictable Inj

**T12-L1 Back Injury
**C2 Fx of Neck
** Evaluate for 2nd Impact Injury Patters
Femur Fx
Tib/Fib Fx
Ankle Fx

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Rollovers cause the _______

Most lethal injury

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If you suspect a liver lac or caval lac you should:

Establish an IV above and below the diaphragm

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Falls occurs in primarily _____ and ______

Adults and children under the Age 5

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High Velocity bullets travel at ______

*****> 2000 feet per second

Primary Injury

Initial air blast

Secondary Injury

Projectile from blast force

Tertiary Injury

Victim impacting the ground or another object

In Burns Urinary Output should be _____ in adults and _____ in children.

30-50 ml/hr | 1-2 ml/kg/hr in children

Only ___ and ____ degree burns are calculated

2nd and 3rd

Parkland Formula

4ml/kg x %BSA | Give 1/2 over the first 8 hours post burn

Consensus Formula

2-4/kg x %BSA

Burn Mortality

Age + %BSA (2nd & 3rd Degree) | Add 20 if respiratory involvement

Hydrofluoric Acid Treatment

Copious Water | Infliltrated in burned tissue 10% Calcium Gluconate

Alkali Metal Burn Treatment

Reacts with water Absorb heat with oil Brush off Irrigate with oil

Acid Chemical Burns cause ______

***** Coagulative Necrosis

Alkali Chemical Burns cause _____

*****Saponification Turning something into soap

Two Step Decon

1. Remove all clothing 2. Wash and Rinse with soap and water 3. Reposition out of the runoff and repeat step 2. (Used in "Fast Break Scenario"

Myoglobinuria is_____

a problem due to massive muscle damage. | If untreated will result in ATN and renal failure

Myoglobinuria treatment :

1. Maintain UO at Minimum 100 ml/hr 2. Osmotic Diuretics 3. Alkalinize the urine with bicarb

Start Triage you assess:

1. Resp 2. Perfusion (cap refill at the core) 3. Mentation "When you mind starts racing remember your RPMs."

Start Triage Categories

Immediate Level I/Priority 1 Red Delayed Level II/Priority 2 Yellow Walking Wounded Level III Pri 3 Green Dead Priority 0 Black

How long is the assessment in Start Triage

15-30 sec

In Start Triage all penetrating trunk trauma is ______

Immediate

In Start Triage any injured rescuer are considered _____-

Immediate

For an open chest wall injury to preferentially entrain air, it must at least be ____ the size of the narrowest part of the airway.

1/3

_______ is a late sign in thoracic trauma

Cyanosis

If a patient with an open chest wound is intubated the 3 sided dressing should be placed at end-________

inhalation

The primary treatment for early pericardial tamponade is

Preload augmentation

A harsh murmur would be indicative of which pathology?

Aortic Rupture

What would find on an AP CXR that is indicative of aortic disruption?

Widen Mediastinum

Up and Over Injury Pattern

Brain Spine Lungs Heart

The most common presenting sign for LeForte Fx is ____

Epistaxisis

BP will not typically drop until the trauma victim experience ____% of blood loss

30-40%

For rapid infusion you want a catheter with the _____ bore and the ______ length

Biggest | Shortest

Women stab _____

Downward

High velocity bullets are classified as any projectile traveling:

Faster then 2000 feet per sec

The primary injury are ______

those caused by the initial blast wave striking the body and compressing air filled cavities causing ruptures

The secondary injuries are caused by

Debris and shrapnel

The tertiary injuries are those caused by ____

the body being knocked to the ground from the blast itself with subsequent blunt trauma resulting

Normal Urine Output for Adult, Peds, Neo

0.5 ml/kg/hr Adult 1 ml/kg/hr Peds 2 ml/kg/hr Neo

Normal platelet count

150-400k

Blood loss should be replaced with crystalloid solutions in a ratio of ____

3:1

Trauma/Hemo Flashcards

(63 cards)