Treat or refer Flashcards
(193 cards)
1
Q
Abdominal aortic aneurism
A
Refer to GP as an emergency. Do not treat.
2
Q
Acoustic neuroma
A
Refer to GP. Ok to treat.
3
Q
Acute calcific tendonitis
A
Send to GP for imaging to confirm and possibly pain meds. Chiropractic may help. Condition goes away with time. Ice. Exercise muscles so they don’t weaken.
4
Q
Acute cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis
A
Refer to GP. Don’t treat if symptomatic.
5
Q
Acute liver failure
A
Emergency, call ambulance.
6
Q
Acute pancreatitis
A
Emergency, call ambulance.
7
Q
Acute pyelonephritis
A
Refer to GP.
8
Q
Acute renal failure (ARF)
A
Emergency send to hospital.
9
Q
Adrenal disorders - Addison’s disease (hypoadrenalism)
A
Refer to GP. Don’t treat until diagnosed if later stage symptoms.
10
Q
Adrenal disorders - Cushing’s syndrome (hypercortisolism)
A
Refer to GP. Ok to treat.
11
Q
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD)
A
Stop drinking. Lifelong abstinence. Good nutrition. Refer to GP. OK to treat. Careful with herbal medicines
12
Q
Anemia
A
Refer but ok to treat. Encourage to eat iron rich foods if deficient.
13
Q
Anaphylaxis
A
Emergency, call ambulance.
14
Q
Angina equivalent
A
Refer to GP for stress testing. OK to treat.
15
Q
Anxiety
A
Refer to councilor. Ok to treat.
16
Q
Aortic dissection (thoracic)
A
Emergency, call ambulance.
17
Q
Appendicitis
A
Emergency, call ambulance.
18
Q
Arachnoiditis
A
Emergency, call ambulance.
19
Q
Arrhythmia
A
AF can cause stroke. Call ambulance if in AF. Otherwise refer to GP.
20
Q
AS
A
Ok to treat.
21
Q
Asthma
A
Lifestyles: Set goals and educate, avoid allergens and aggravating factors. Complimentary meds have had anecdotal success. Refer to GP, but ok to treat.
22
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
Refer to GP but ok to treat
23
Q
Autoimmune hepatitis
A
Refer to GP. 50% of symptomatic patients die within 5 years if not treated. 10% if treated. OK to treat.
24
Q
Benign Positional Vertigo.
A
Perform the Epply maneuver to relieve symptoms.
25
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Refer to GP to check for cancer. Don't treat until cancer ruled out
26
Bornholm disease /epidemic myalgia/coxsackie viral infection)
Will clear up without treatment. Don't treat while infectious
27
Brain stem or cerebellar tumour
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
28
Brain tumour
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
29
Bronchiectasis
Refer to GP. Regular chest physiotherapy. OK to treat.
30
Carcinoid bowel tumour/carcinoid syndrome
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
31
Cervical facet syndrome
Ok to treat.
32
Cervical spondylosis with radiculopathy
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
33
Cervical stenosis/Cervical myelopathy
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
34
Cervicogenic headache
Chiropractic can help this.
35
Cholelithiasis/chronic cholecystitis
Refer to GP. OK to treat.
36
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)/ Glomerolunephritis
Refer to GP, especially if BP high or young. Lifestyle - stop smoking, healthy diet, weight and exercise. May need to control consumption of protein if severe, with balance to avoid malnutrition.
37
Chronic liver failure
Emergency, call ambulance.
38
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Refer to GP. Ok to treat but check for osteoporosis. General aims: Improve breathlessness, Reduce frequency and severity of exacerbations, Improve health status. Lifestyle: Stop smoking. Pulmonary rehabilitation exercise groups - exercise, education and support. Flu and pneumococcal vaccination. Lose weight if obese. Improve nutrition. Address depression and social isolation. End of life care.
39
Chronic pancreatitis
Alcohol avoidance is crucial for alcohol related cases. Treatment for self neglect and malnutrition. Refer to GP.
40
Chronic pyelonephritis
Refer to GP. OK to treat.
41
Cirrhosis of the liver
Refer to doctor. Encourage healthy diet and no drinking. Careful with herbal medicines. OK to treat.
42
Cluster headache
Ok to treat
43
Coeliac disease
Responds well to gluten free diet. Dietary counseling. Correct deficiencies of Iron, folate, Ca, Vitamin D, with supplements. Monitor weight & nutrition. May refer to GP for further medication.
44
Colorectal cancer
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed. Good prognosis if caught early.
45
Compartment syndrome
Emergency, call ambulance.
46
Costochondritis
Apply heat to tender area to sooth. OK to treat but avoid ribs.
47
Cranial nerve lesion
Emergency if undiagnosed. Call ambulance.
48
Cystic fibrosis
Refer to GP. Regular chest physiotherapy. Good nutrition. Don't treat until diagnosed due to possible osteoporosis.
49
Dehydration headache
Encourage patient to drink more. OK to treat.
50
Dementia
Refer to GP. Difficulty with informed consent
51
Diabetes mellitis
Refer to GP but ok to treat
52
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Emergency, call ambulance.
53
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH).
Chiropractic can help.
54
Dorsal column lesion.
Emergency if undiagnosed. Call ambulance.
55
Drug related headache
OK to treat
56
DVT
Emergency, call ambulance.
57
Ectopic pregnancy
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
58
Eczema
Refer to GP if affecting daily life. Moisturisers can help. Ok to treat.
59
Endometriosis
Refer to GP. OK to treat.
60
Facet syndrome (Lumbar)
Chiropractic can help.
61
Fibromyalgia
Refer to GP but ok to treat
62
Frozen shoulder/Adhesive capsulitis
Refer to GP but ok to treat
63
Gastric carcinoma
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed. Poor prognosis..
64
Gastritis
Refer to GP. OK to treat.
65
Gastrooesophageal reflux disease
Lifestyle: Weight loss. Avoidance of trigger foods. Elevation of bed head. Avoidance of late meals. Stop smoking. Refer to GP for further medication or investigation.
66
Gilberts syndrome
Refer to GP. Ok to treat. Harmless condition.
67
Graves' disease - (overactive thyroid)
Refer to GP. Ok to treat.
68
Haemophillia
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
69
Haemorrage - Cerebellar
Emergency, call ambulance.
70
Haemorrage - Intracerebral
Emergency, call ambulance.
71
Hemorrhage - Subarachnoid
Emergency, call ambulance.
72
Hemorrhage - Subdural and extradural
Emergency, call ambulance.
73
Haemorrhoids (Piles)
Prevent constipation and straining. Refer to GP if further investigation or treatment is needed.
74
Haemothorax
Emergency, call ambulance.
75
Hashimoto's thyroiditis or other hypothyroidism
Refer to GP. Ok to treat.
76
Heart failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) - acute
Emergency, call ambulance.
77
Heart failure (dilated cardiomyopathy) - chronic
Refer to GP
78
Hepatic encephalopathy
Refer to GP
79
Hepatic tumour - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
80
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Refer to GP, but ok to treat.
81
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) or Non-hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
82
Horner's syndrome
Refer to GP. OK to treat.
83
Hypertension
Refer to GP but also encourage lifestyle changes: obesity, alcohol, salt, exercise, eat more fruit and veg. Smoking. Eat less saturated fat. Eat oily fish.
84
Hyperventilation syndrome
Supportive counseling. Phychiatric or psychological treatment. Reassurance. Some doctors suggest deep breathing exercises. Ok to treat.
85
Hypothalamic/Pituitary - Acromegaly
Refer to GP. Ok to treat.
86
IBD - crohn's disease
Refer, but can help with pain management
87
IBD - ulcerative colitis
Refer, but can help with pain management
88
Infectious mononucleosis
Refer to GP. Don't treat while patient is infectious.
89
Infective endocarditis
Emergency send to hospital.
90
Infective/Septic arthritis
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
91
Intercostal muscle injury/strain
Rest. Ok to treat.
92
Irritable bowel syndrome
Healthy diet. May need to exclude allergens. Chiropractic can help.
93
Labrinthitis
Refer if severe. Ok to treat.
94
Leukemia
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
95
Mallory - Weiss syndrome
Refer to GP. May stop after 1 -2 days without treatment but rarely can be fatal.
96
Meniere's disease
Refer but ok to treat.
97
Migraine
Ok to treat.
98
Mitelschmertz
Ok to treat
99
Mitral valve prolapse
Refer to GP for further tests.
100
Motor Neuron Disease
Refer but ok to treat.
101
MS
Refer to GP but can treat.
102
Multiple myeloma
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
103
Muscle enzyme deficiency syndrome
Refer to GP but ok to treat
104
Muscle strain (limb)
Rest. Ok to treat.
105
Muscle strain (lumbar)
Rest. Ok to treat.
106
Myesthenia gravis
Refer but ok to treat.
107
Myocardial Infarction (MI) - Heart attack
Emergency, call ambulance.
108
Neurogenic claudication
Refer to GP but ok to treat.
109
Oesophageal tumour
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
110
Oral cancer
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
111
Oral candidiasis
Refer to GP, but ok to treat.
112
Oral ulcers
Refer to GP if recurrent or persistent.
113
Osteoarthritis
Refer to GP. Ok to treat but avoid inflamed area.
114
Osteomalacia/Rickets
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed and controlled. Encourage sunlight if lacking or vit D supplement.
115
Osteomyelitis
Refer to GP urgently.
116
Osteophitic Intercostal neuritis
Refer to GP but OK to treat
117
Osteoporosis
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed and risk areas known, then be gentle.
118
Ovarian cyst
Refer to GP, but not emergency. OK to treat.
119
Paget's disease
Refer to GP but ok to treat
120
Pancreatic cancer (carcinoma)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed. Poor prognosis..
121
Parasitic infection
Refer to GP. Don't treat while infectious
122
Parietal lobe lesion
Emergency if undiagnosed. Call ambulance.
123
Parkinsons
Refer to GP but ok to treat.
124
Pelvic inflammatory disease possibly related to STD (Chlamydia, gonorrhoea)
Refer to GP or sexual health clinic if not already tested for STDs. OK to treat.
125
Peptic ulcer - gastric or duodenal
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
126
Perforated ulcer
Emergency, call ambulance.
127
Pericarditis (or myocarditis)
Refer to GP, but not emergency.
128
Peripheral arterial disease
Refer to GP, but ok to treat.
129
Piriformis syndrome
OK to treat.
130
Pituitary tumour (Benign adenoma)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
131
Pleurisy
Refer to GP. Don't treat while infectious
132
Pneumonia
Emergency send to hospital.
133
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Refer to GP, but not emergency.
134
Polymyalgia rheumatica
OK to treat.
135
Post herpetic neuralgia
Refer to GP but ok to treat.
136
Postural syndrome
Chiropractic can help. Encourage improved posture.
137
Primary bone tumour
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
138
Primary dysmenorrhoea
Ok to treat. Chiropractic may help.
139
Primary Lung Tumours
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed. Poor prognosis. Treat anxiety and depression.
140
Prolapsed intervertebral disc with radiculopathy (lumbar)
Refer to GP. OK to treat.
141
Prostate cancer
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
142
Pulmonary embolism
Emergency, call ambulance.
143
RA
Refer to GP. Don't treat area in flare up.
144
Raised ICP
Emergency if due to trauma. Otherwise refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
145
Referred visceral pain - Colon
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
146
Referred visceral pain - Gall bladder
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
147
Referred visceral pain - Heart (Angina, MI)
Emergency if MI. Refer to GP.
148
Referred visceral pain - Kidneys
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
149
Referred visceral pain - Liver or gall bladder
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
150
Referred visceral pain - Lung or diaphragm
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
151
Referred visceral pain - Small intestine or ovaries
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
152
Referred visceral pain - Stomach
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
153
Referred visceral pain - Urinary bladder
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
154
Renal adenocarcinoma
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
155
Rheumatic heart disease - acute rheumatic fever.
Emergency, send to GP.
156
Reynauds phenomenon/disease - primary
Refer but ok to treat
157
Reynauds phenomenon/disease - secondary
Refer
158
Rib fracture
Send to A & E. Don't treat.
159
Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm
Emergency, call ambulance.
160
Ruptured appendix/ Peritonitis
Emergency, call ambulance.
161
Ruptured ovarian cyst
Refer to GP. Not normally an emergency unless bleeding is very heavy.
162
Sacroiliac syndrome
Ok to treat. Chiropractic may help.
163
Sarcoidosis
Refer to GP. OK to treat. Spontaneous remission is possible
164
Scheuermanns disease
Refer to GP but ok to treat
165
Slipped rib
Ok to treat.
166
Spinal tumour (Mets)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
167
Spinal tumour (Primary)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
168
Spontaneous pneumothorax
Emergency, call ambulance.
169
Stable angina
Contact GP before chiropractic treatment. If not diagnosed send to A & E. Lifestyle advice - exercise stop smoking, lose weight.
170
Stress fracture
Refer to GP. Don't treat affected area.
171
Temporal Arteritis
Refer to GP.
172
Tension headache
Chiropractic can help as can massage. Painkillers such as paracetamol or ibuprofen can relieve pain. Good posture can help to prevent.
173
Testicular tumour
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
174
Thoracic aortic aneurism
Refer to GP.
175
Thoracic outlet syndrome
Chiropractic - clavicle and 1st rib alignment. Massage. Stretches. May refer - depending on cause.
176
Thyroid tumour
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
177
Tietze's syndrome
Should clear up without treatment. OK to treat but avoid ribs.
178
Trigeminal neuralgia
Refer to GP. Can treat if not too uncomfortabe, avoiding face.
179
Tuberculosis - milary
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
180
Tuberculosis - primary
Refer to GP urgently. Don't treat while infectious
181
Unstable angina
Emergency, may be MI.
182
Urinary calculi (renal colic) /Nephrolithiasis (Kidney stones)/Obstructive nephropathy.
Refer to GP. Probably too painful to treat.
183
Urinary tract infection (Lower UTI)
Normally passes within a few days. For recurrent cases: Drink 2L fluid per day. Completely empty bladder. Good personal hygiene. Empty bladder before sex. Cranberry juice. OK to treat.
184
Urinary tract infection (Upper UTI)
Refer to GP
185
Urothelial tumour (Bladder, ureteral, urethral or Kidney tumour)
Refer to GP. Don't treat until diagnosed.
186
URTI - cold, pharyngitis, acute bronchitis
No treatment needed. Don't treat while infectious.
187
URTI - Influenza
No treatment needed. Don't treat while infectious.
188
URTI's - Sinusitis
No treatment needed. Refer to GP if > 7 to 10 days. Don't treat if could be infectious.
189
Vascular claudication
Refer to GP.
190
Venous hypertension
Refer to GP
191
Viral hepatits
Refer to GP. Don't treat while patient is infectious.
192
Whiplash
Emergency if fracture or instability. Otherwise :NSAIDS. Ice. Heat. Neck strengthening exercises - scapular and deep flexor muscles. Stay active & early return to normal activity. Physical therapy including chiropractic & exercises to improve function & ROM. Address psychosocial issues & trauma distress.
193
Wilson's disease
Can treat once diagnosed.
