Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Block 2 Exam 4 > Treatment > Flashcards

Treatment Flashcards

(66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

EBRT (radiation) - what is it and how often is tx?

A

Radiation beams from different angles externally
Daily tx over few days - few weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is brachytherapy?

A

Internal radiation tx inside little seeds placed on or next to tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Precautions to protect caregivers during radiation tx / brachytherapy

A

Private room
Signage
No pregnant staff or visitors
No children visitors
30 minute visit
6 foot distance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is HSCT (stem cell therapy) used for?

A

Myeloma
Leukemia
Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Precautions to protect caregivers during chemo

A

Manage spills
Proper disposal
Double glove
Cover toilet and double flush

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Infection prevention with chemo patients

A

VS q4h
Private room
Hand hygiene
Stool softeners
Change water daily
No urinary catheters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nursing for hand and foot surgery

A

Neuro vascular checked q1h first 24 hours post
Meds, elevation, ice
Wound and pin care
Weight bearing restrictions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Methods to prevent dislocation post hip replacement

A

Correct positioning with splint, wedge, or pillows
Keep hip abducted when turning
Keep hip adducted when transferring
Limit hip flexion
Stay less than 90 degrees in bed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hip replacement nursing/education

A

Begin ambulating within 1 day post op with walker or crutches
Remove drain in 24-48 hours to prevent infection
Prevent infection and VTE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Osteoporosis prevention

A

Ca and vitamin D
Vitamin C with Ca supplements
Weight bearing exercise 20-30 minutes a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nursing for osteoporosis vertebral fracture

A

Short rest periods
Supportive mattress
Heat and back rubs
Improve bowel elimination with fiber, liquids, and stool softeners
Strengthen muscles with exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Osteomalacia mgmt

A

Sunlight (along with pharm and coping and pain mgmt)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Osteomyelitis nursing

A

Immobilize affected part
Elevation
Analgesics and abx (monitor for superinfection)
Activity restriction
Gentle ROM above and below affected part
Hydrate, vitamins, protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Septic arthritis

A

Aspiration of joint
Immobilization of joint
Pain relief
Abx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Metastatic secondary bone tumor nursing

A

Palliative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Soft tissue injury mgmt

A

RICE = rest ice compress elevation
And immobilize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Emergency management of fracture

A

Immobilize
Splint areas distal and proximal
Neuro vascular checks before and after splint

If open fracture: cover with sterile dressing, don’t attempt to reduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Medical mgmt fracture

A

Reduction back into alignment
Traction with closed
Fixation with opened
Immobilize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Factors that affect bone healing

A

Inadequate immobilization
Inadequate blood supply
Multiple trauma
Extensive blood loss
Infection
Poor adherence to restrictions
Malignancy
Steroids
Older
Comorbidities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Clavicle fracture

A

Sling
Exercise elbow, wrist, fingers ASAP
Don’t elevate arm 6 weeks
(Also strap to immobilize)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Humerus fracture

A

Sling and brace
Activity limitations
Monitor for Volkmann

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Elbow fracture

A

Monitor for Volkmann contracture from humerus fracture, neuro vascular compromise, and compartment syndrome
Active exercise and ROM after healing (6 weeks cast, 1 week fixation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Radial, ulnar, wrist, hand fractures

A

Early rehabilitation exercises
ROM fingers and shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Pelvic fractures

A

Bed rest few days if stable fracture
Early mobilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Hip fracture
Surgery to reduce and fixate Similar to hip replacement patients (i.e. preventing overstretching the hip)
26
Femoral fractures
Lower leg, foot, hip exercises to preserve muscle function and improve circulation PT, ambulation, weight bearing Knee exercises ASAP
27
Edu and mgmt for patient in cast, brace, or splint
Cast takes 24-72 hours to dry Don’t cover or stick things in cast Assess 5 Ps (pain, pallor, pulse, paresthesia, paralysis) in neuro vascular check (to ID compartment syndrome) Tx pain with analgesic, elevation, ice Monitor for compartment syndrome, pressure injuries, disuse syndrome (atrophy)
28
Principles of traction
Counterforce Continuous Unobstructed Knots and footplate can’t touch foot of bed
29
Nursing for skin traction
Skin assessment TID Palpate tape for tenderness 5 Ps Temp, cap refill Assess for DVT
30
Nursing for skeletal traction
Maintain body alignment Report pain promptly Trapeze Assess for pressure injury q8h Position change Pressure reducing mattress Foot and leg exercises q1h Embolism prevention Pin care
31
Prevention of sports injuries
Proper training Gear Nutrition Hydration Stretching
32
Amputation nursing
Relieve pain with analgesics, position, sandbag, alternative measures Psychological support Self care Frequent turning ROM Assistive devices Muscle strengthening exercises Proper bandaging Elevate first 24 hours Fall prevention and home modification
33
Guidelines for early detection of breast cancer
MRI and yearly mammogram for high risk Clinical breast exams twice a year starting at 25 yo
34
Prophylactic tx breast CA
Mastectomy Tamoxifen and raloxifene
35
Breast CA tx
Surg: modified radical, total, breast conservation, sentinel node biopsy and axillary node dissection Radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal, targeted
36
Cast edu
Will feel warm first 30 minutes Don’t cover Don’t rest on hard surface while drying 24 - 72 hours to dry Don’t stick stuff in there Isometric exercises
37
Interventions to maintain airway with altered LOC
HOB 30 Lateral or semi prone Suction Oral hygiene CPT
38
Interventions to maintain tissue and structural integrity with altered LOC
Frequent turning Splints, boots, rolls for body alignment Passive ROM Protect cornea with drops, cotton balls with saline, tape, patch Frequent oral care
39
Pre op mgmt for cranial surgery
Imaging and baseline neuro Anti convulsants Steroids and abx Fluid restriction, Mannitol, diuretics Diazepam for anxiety
40
Post op mgmt cranial surgery
Reduce edema, pain, seizures Neuro assessment Might be intubated and have lines Resp and ABG assessments Assess dressing for blood and CSF VS and LOC Fluid and labs (IO and weights, BG, electrolyte, osm and specific gravity) HOB 30, straight neck, avoid laying on side of tumor removal Pack nose if transsphenoidal Avoid increasing ICP
41
Edu for cranial surgery
No cough/sneeze/nose blow etc to avoid CSF leakage Self care
42
Seizure mgmt
Side lie Suction Padding
43
Stroke prevention
No smoke 40 minutes a day 3-4 x/week exercise DASH and Mediterranean Daily low dose aspirin Anticoagulants for a fib, antiplatelets Statins, BP meds Carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis
44
Acute stroke mgmt
TPA thrombolytic within 3 - 4.5 hours (monitor for bleeding adverse effect) Elevate HOB Airway, hemodynamic, neuro Bowel and bladder Skin, confusion, mobility Swallow eval within 24 hours (NPO til then) Hemorrhagic: lumbar puncture to confirm SAH, prevent bleeding, bed rest with sedation, O2, tx of: vasospasm, HTN, ICP, seizure
45
Epidural hematoma
Reduce ICP Remove clot Burr holes / craniotomy to stop bleeding Support of vitals and respiratory
46
Acute subdural hematoma
Craniotomy to reduce ICP Also: remove clot
47
Chronic subdural hematoma
Remove clot
48
Concussion
Monitor LOC Arouse and assess frequently
49
Encephalitis
Acyclovir Amphotericin
50
MS nursing
Control ss: spams, fatigue, ataxia, bowel and bladder control
51
GBS assessment (fatal complications)
Look for early ss respiratory failure, dysrhythmia, DVT ECG
52
Head injury mgmt
Assume SCI Cervical collar CV and resp maintenance Control bleeding Maintaining ABG Surg Monitor ICP Drain CSF Seizure precautions NGT F and lyte Pain and anxiety mgmt Nutrition
53
TBI nursing
Airway GCS VS IO and weights Labs (BG, lytes, osm) Nutrition therapy Assess oxygenation, bowel and bladder, dressing and cast constriction Padded side rails and mittens
54
Nursing for SCI includes…
Secretion Pulse ox and ABG Humidification Skin Urinary catheter NGT for distention, paralytic ileus and prevent aspiration Diet: high calorie, high protein, high fiber Stool softeners Traction pin care
55
Meningitis prevention
Meningococcal vax Iso with droplet precautions
56
Meningitis tx
IV abx Dexamethasone Tx for pain, seizures, complications associated with immobility
57
Brain abscess mgmt
Control ICP / drain Abx, roids
58
Nursing for MS includes
Comfortable temperature Memory aids Speech therapy Voiding schedule
59
Bell’s Palsy mgmt
Roids Protect eye Facial exercises and massage
60
Nursing for brain tumor includes
Oral hygiene before meals Supplements Try to serve them meals that are to their liking Record intake and weight
61
Parkinson’s
Levodopa-carbidopa Daily exercise and ROM Postural exercises Frequent rest Proper shoes and assistive devices Self care and support groups
62
Mgmt lumbar disc disease
Muscle relaxants NSAIDS Roids Lose weight TENS Surg Avoid heavy work 2-3 months Strengthen core and back muscles Proper lifting techniques
63
Mgmt osteoarthritis
Decrease pain and stiffness Exercise - CV, leg day Lose weight OT and PT Pharm and non pharm pain mgmt
64
Nursing mgmt with HSCT
Care for patient and recipient
65
Nursing mgmt for traction (mostly r/t bed rest)
Monitor for: PNA and ATE Constipation Anorexia Urine status Infection VTE (Also skin)
66
Ischemic stroke nursing
Splint affected extremity to avoid flexion Pillow under arm to prevent shoulder adduction Turn and ROM Avoid pully to prevent shoulder pain Sling for flaccid arm Thick liquid and puréed (Or tube feeding - depends on condition) High fiber and fluids for constipation Toileting schedule, straight cath Skin care and other bed bound considerations (pulmonary, VTE)

Block 2 Exam 4 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions