Treatments

Question 1

Josef Bruer and Anna O.

Answer 1

Anna had lots of physical symptoms, but her headaches and numbness went away when she talked about hard childhood memories, which inspired Freud’s psychoanalysis.

Question 2

Insight Therapies

Answer 2

Include group therapies, couples therapy, and family therapy

Question 3

Family Systems Theory

Answer 3

Dysfunctional thoughts, behaviours, emotions, are often reinforced or required by the family you’re living in. Parenting style could also be partially determined by the kid.

Question 4

How effective is therapy?

Answer 4

Therapy is superior to nothing and placebo, and effects are durable. Compared to drug therapies, impact is roughly equal. Greatest improvement in 10-20 weeks.

Question 5

What do behaviour therapies involve?

Answer 5

Application of learning principles to direct efforts to change clients’ maladaptive behaviours. Behaviour is a product of learning.

Question 6

Systematic Desensitization

Answer 6

Used to reduce clients’ anxiety responses through counterconditioning.

Question 7

Cognitive-Behaviour Therapies

Answer 7

Born from insight, tradition, AND behaviourist tradition. Varied verbal and behavioural modification and intervention.

Question 8

Beck’s Cognitive Theory

Answer 8

Specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various disorders-specifically depression.

Question 9

Meichenbaum’s Self-Instructional Training

Answer 9

Clients taught to develop verbal statements to use for coping.

Question 10

Segal’s Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapies

Answer 10

Meditation, present focus: observe and accept thoughts/emotions without reacting to them.

Question 11

Aversion Therapy

Answer 11

Last resort, aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response.

Question 12

Drug Types

Answer 12

Antianxiety, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers. Antidepressants are most commonly used. All must pass a double blind study.

Question 13

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Answer 13

1930’s, sends 65-140 volts through brain which mimics corticol seizures. Helps around 70% of people with depression.

Question 14

Vagus Nerve Stimulation

Answer 14

Pulse generator sends electrical signals to cord on vagus nerve. Mostly used for severe epilepsy, also found to improve depression (around 65% of cases)

Question 15

Transchranial Magnetic Stimulation

Answer 15

External electromagnetic coil used to stimulate activity in the prefrontal cortex. Helps around 65% of cases.

Question 16

Psychosurgery

Answer 16

Brain surgery with intent of relieving abnormal functioning.

Question 17

Trephining

Answer 17

Prehistoric practice of chipping a hole in the skull to relieve brain conditions.

Question 18

Lobotomy

Answer 18

Surgical practice of cutting connections between frontal lobe and lower centres of brain. Developed in the 1930s, especially used for schizophrenia. Used on a lot more women than teens.

Question 19

Deep Brain Stimulation

Answer 19

Current practice of inserting electrodes into affected brain areas.

Question 20

Eclectism

Answer 20

Practice of drawing upon two or more systems of therapy.

Question 21

The revolving door

Answer 21

Downside of deinstitutionalization, patients who respond well to drug therapies are often released back into inadequate social situations which result in homelessness.