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Trematodes (2) Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the infection caused by Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Katayama fever (acute), hepatosplenic disease, brain tumor mimic

Schistosoma japonicum is primarily associated with infections that can lead to severe complications.

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2
Q

How is Schistosoma japonicum transmitted?

A

Skin penetration by cercariae

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3
Q

What is the infective stage of Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Cercariae

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4
Q

What is the diagnostic stage for Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Eggs in stool or biopsy

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5
Q

What are the definitive hosts for Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Humans, dogs, cats, pigs, domestic mammals

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6
Q

What is the intermediate host for Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi (snail)

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7
Q

Where does Schistosoma japonicum primarily locate in the body?

A

Mesenteric veins, liver, intestines, spinal cord (severe)

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8
Q

What methods are used for diagnosing Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Stool exam, serology, PCR

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9
Q

What is the treatment for Schistosoma japonicum?

A

Praziquantel

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10
Q

What are the key features of Schistosoma japonicum eggs?

A

Large eggs, small lateral spine

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11
Q

What is the infection caused by Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Intestinal/liver fibrosis (chronic)

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12
Q

What is the mode of transmission for Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Skin penetration

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13
Q

What is the diagnostic stage for Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Eggs in stool

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14
Q

What are the definitive hosts for Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Humans

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15
Q

What is the intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Biomphalaria spp.

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16
Q

Where does Schistosoma mansoni primarily locate in the body?

A

Mesenteric veins, liver, intestines

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17
Q

What methods are used for diagnosing Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Stool exam, biopsy, serology, PCR

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18
Q

What is the treatment for Schistosoma mansoni?

A

Praziquantel

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19
Q

What are the key features of Schistosoma mansoni eggs?

A

Elongated eggs with lateral spine

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20
Q

What is the infection caused by Schistosoma haematobium?

A

Urinary schistosomiasis, bladder cancer risk

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21
Q

What is the mode of transmission for Schistosoma haematobium?

A

Skin penetration

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22
Q

What is the diagnostic stage for Schistosoma haematobium?

A

Eggs in urine/bladder biopsy

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23
Q

What are the definitive hosts for Schistosoma haematobium?

A

Humans

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24
Q

What is the intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium?

A

Bulinus spp.

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25
Where does Schistosoma haematobium primarily locate in the body?
Venous plexus of bladder
26
What methods are used for diagnosing Schistosoma haematobium?
Urine exam, ultrasound, PCR
27
What is the treatment for Schistosoma haematobium?
Praziquantel
28
What are the key features of Schistosoma haematobium eggs?
Eggs have terminal spine
29
What is the infection caused by Paragonimus westermani?
Pulmonary paragonimiasis, ectopic migration to brain, skin
30
What is the mode of transmission for Paragonimus westermani?
Ingestion of infected crabs/crayfish
31
What is the infective stage of Paragonimus westermani?
Metacercariae
32
What is the diagnostic stage for Paragonimus westermani?
Eggs in sputum or feces
33
What are the definitive hosts for Paragonimus westermani?
Humans, cats, dogs, pigs
34
What are the intermediate hosts for Paragonimus westermani?
Antemelania spp. (snail), Sundathelphusa philippina (crab)
35
Where does Paragonimus westermani primarily locate in the body?
Lungs, ectopic sites
36
What methods are used for diagnosing Paragonimus westermani?
Microscopy, ELISA, imaging, LAMP
37
What is the treatment for Paragonimus westermani?
Praziquantel, Triclabendazole, Bithionol
38
What are the key features of Paragonimus westermani?
Lifespan: up to 20 years, misdiagnosed as TB, uses proteases to invade tissues
39
What is the infection caused by Fasciolopsis buski?
Abscesses, obstruction
40
What is the mode of transmission for Fasciolopsis buski?
Ingesting encysted metacercariae on aquatic plants
41
What is the infective stage of Fasciolopsis buski?
Metacercariae
42
What is the diagnostic stage for Fasciolopsis buski?
Eggs in feces
43
What are the definitive hosts for Fasciolopsis buski?
Pigs, humans
44
What are the intermediate hosts for Fasciolopsis buski?
Segmentina, Hippeutis; Water plants (e.g., water caltrop, kangkong)
45
Where does Fasciolopsis buski primarily locate in the body?
Intestinal wall
46
What methods are used for diagnosing Fasciolopsis buski?
Microscopy
47
What is the treatment for Fasciolopsis buski?
Praziquantel
48
What are the key features of Fasciolopsis buski eggs?
Large operculated eggs, unembryonated
49
What is the infection caused by Echinostomum ilocanum?
Ulcers, bloody pain
50
What is the mode of transmission for Echinostomum ilocanum?
Eating infected snails
51
What is the diagnostic stage for Echinostomum ilocanum?
Eggs in stool
52
What are the definitive hosts for Echinostomum ilocanum?
Pigs, humans, dogs, cats
53
What are the intermediate hosts for Echinostomum ilocanum?
Gyraulus, Hippeutis; Pila luzonica, Vivipara angularis
54
What is the treatment for Echinostomum ilocanum?
Praziquantel
55
What are the key features of Echinostomum ilocanum eggs?
Straw-colored eggs, tapered posterior
56
What is the infection caused by Heterophyes heterophyes?
PUD, APD, mucoid diarrhea
57
What is the mode of transmission for Heterophyes heterophyes?
Eating raw/infected fish
58
What is the infective stage of Heterophyes heterophyes?
Metacercariae
59
What is the diagnostic stage for Heterophyes heterophyes?
Eggs in feces
60
What are the definitive hosts for Heterophyes heterophyes?
Humans, cats, dogs, birds
61
What are the intermediate hosts for Heterophyes heterophyes?
Melania, Thiara (snails); Fish
62
Where does Heterophyes heterophyes primarily locate in the body?
Duodenum
63
What methods are used for diagnosing Heterophyes heterophyes?
Kato-Katz, PCR
64
What is the treatment for Heterophyes heterophyes?
Praziquantel
65
What are the key features of Heterophyes heterophyes eggs?
Resemble Clonorchis, short life span
66
What is the infection caused by Fasciola hepatica?
RUQ pain, biliary obstruction
67
What is the mode of transmission for Fasciola hepatica?
Aquatic plants
68
What is the infective stage of Fasciola hepatica?
Metacercariae
69
What is the diagnostic stage for Fasciola hepatica?
Eggs in stool
70
What are the definitive hosts for Fasciola hepatica?
Sheep, cattle, goats
71
What is the intermediate host for Fasciola hepatica?
Lymnaea spp. (snails)
72
What methods are used for diagnosing Fasciola hepatica?
Stool, imaging
73
What is the treatment for Fasciola hepatica?
Triclabendazole
74
What are the key features of Fasciola hepatica?
Found in cool regions, large operculated eggs
75
What is the infection caused by Fasciola gigantica?
RUQ pain, biliary obstruction
76
What are the definitive hosts for Fasciola gigantica?
Sheep, cattle, goats
77
What are the intermediate hosts for Fasciola gigantica?
Lymnaea spp. (varies by region)
78
What are the key features of Fasciola gigantica?
Found in warmer climates
79
What is the infection caused by Clonorchis sinensis?
RUQ pain, cholangiocarcinoma
80
What is the mode of transmission for Clonorchis sinensis?
Ingesting infected fish
81
What is the infective stage of Clonorchis sinensis?
Embryonated eggs
82
What are the definitive hosts for Clonorchis sinensis?
Humans, cats, dogs
83
What are the intermediate hosts for Clonorchis sinensis?
Parafossarulus, Thiara, etc.; Freshwater fish (e.g., carp)
84
Where does Clonorchis sinensis primarily locate in the body?
Bile ducts, gallbladder
85
What methods are used for diagnosing Clonorchis sinensis?
Stool, ELISA, PCR, imaging
86
What is the treatment for Clonorchis sinensis?
Praziquantel + Albendazole
87
What are the key features of Clonorchis sinensis?
Melon-like ridged eggs, leaf-like adults
88
What is the mode of transmission for Opisthorchis felineus / viverrini?
Same as Clonorchis
89
What are the key features of Opisthorchis felineus / viverrini?
Member of Opisthorchiidae family

Parasitology (2 decks)

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