Trend In Delivery : Noun Veasna Flashcards

(82 cards)

1
Q
  1. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž‚αŸαžŸαž„αŸ’αž‚αŸαžαžƒαžΎαž‰ breast and uterine αžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆ αž›αž˜αž€
     αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž“αž…αŸ αž‰ Oxytocine
     αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆ αž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒ Progesterone
    οƒΎ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒ Estrogene
     αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒProlactine
A

οƒΎ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒ Estrogene

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2
Q
  1. αž“αŸ…αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ‘αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžαž“αŸƒProgesteroneαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆ αž›αž£αŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αž‰αŸ’αž αžΆαž›αžΎαž€αž›αŸ‚αž„αžαŸ‚αž˜αž½αž™αŸ–
     αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆ αž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜αžαžΆαž˜αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΆ រមអស
     αž‚αŸ†αžšαžΆαž˜αžšαž›αžΌαž
    οƒΎ αžšαŸ†αž›αžΌαžαž€αžΌαž“
     αž€αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αžΌαž“αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„
A

οƒΎ αžšαŸ†αž›αžΌαžαž€αžΌαž“

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3
Q
  1. αž“αŸ…αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαžŠαŸ†αž”αžΌαž„ProgesteroneαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž”αž‰αŸ’αž‰αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ
     αžŸαž»αž€
     αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαžΌαž“
     αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡
    οƒΎ αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αžΏαž„
A

οƒΎ αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αžΏαž„

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4
Q
  1. αž…αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž–αžΈαžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ’αž“αŸ… ProgesteroneαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ
     αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
     αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αžΏαž„
    οƒΎ αžŸαž»αž€
     αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡
A

αžŸαž»αž€

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5
Q
  1. αžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž£αž„αŸ’αž‚αžŠαžΌαž˜αŸ‰αŸ‚αžαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΎαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž˜αž€αž–αžΈαž£αŸ’αžœαžΈ
     αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
     Estrogene αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆ αž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡
    Prostaglandine αž“αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
    οƒΎ Progesteroneαž“αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
A

οƒΎ Progesteroneαž“αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„

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6
Q
  1. HCGαž˜αžΆαž“αžαž½αž“αžΆαž‘αžΈαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž€αŸŒ
     αž‡αŸ†αžš αž‰αž“αŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αž“αŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
     αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž•αž›αž·αžestrogene and progesterone
    οƒΎ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ†αž™αŸ„αž‚estrogene and progesterone
A

οƒΎ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ†αž™αŸ„αž‚estrogene and progesterone

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7
Q
  1. HCGαž‡αžΆhormoneαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αžœαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžΆαž“αž–αŸαžŸαž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αžαž»αžŸαž–αžΈαž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžαžΆαž“αŸ…αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈ 1αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž‚αž·αžαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎ
     αž€αžΌαž“αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ…αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
     αž€αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹
     αž€αžΌαž“αž€αž“ αž€αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαžœαž·αžœαžαžΆαž’αž˜αž˜αžαžΆ
    οƒΎ αž€αžΌαž“αž–αž„
A

αž€αžΌαž“αž–αž„

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8
Q
  1. Relaxin αž‡αžΆ Hormone αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ
     Uterine
     Ovary gland
    οƒΎ Corpus luteum
     Pituitary gland
A

Corpus luteum

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9
Q
  1. αž₯αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž–αž›αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹Relaxin
     αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
     αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžšαžΉαž„
     αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
    οƒΎ αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž…αž›αž“αžΆαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“
A

οƒΎ αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž…αž›αž“αžΆαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“

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10
Q
  1. FSHαž‡αžΆ hormoneαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ
     Corpus luteum
     Ovary gland
     Posterior pituitary gland
    οƒΎ Anterior pituitary gland
A

οƒΎ Anterior pituitary gland

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11
Q
  1. αžαž½αž“αžΆαž‘αžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ LH
     αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹Ovulation
    οƒΎ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž£αŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“Ovulation
     αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰Progesterone
     αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰Progesterone
A

οƒΎ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž£αŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“Ovulation

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12
Q
  1. HPLαž‡αžΆ hormoneαž•αž›αž·αžαžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαž·αžšαžΈαžšαŸ‡αžŽαžΆαž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ αŸ–
    οƒΎ Placenta
     Corpus luteum
     Ovary gland
     Pituitary gland
A

οƒΎ Placenta

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13
Q
  1. Prolactineαž‡αžΆ hormoneαžŸαŸ†αž™αŸ„αž‚αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ
    Placenta
     Corpus luteum
     Ovary gland
    οƒΎ Anterior pituitary gland
A

οƒΎ Anterior pituitary gland

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14
Q
  1. αž€αžšαžŽαžΈ FSHαž…αž»αŸ‡ LHαž…αž»αŸ‡ αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆ αž›αž’αŸ„αž™αŸ–
     Ovulation
    οƒΎ Anovulation
     Prostaglandin αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
     Prostaglandin αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡
A

Anovulation

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15
Q
  1. αž€αžšαžŽαžΈ FSHαž…αž»αŸ‡ LHαž…αž»αŸ‡ αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆ αž›αž’αŸ„αž™αŸ–
     Ovulation
    οƒΎ Anovulation
     Prostaglandin αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
     Prostaglandin αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡
A

Anovulation

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16
Q
  1. Prostaglandin αž‡αžΆαžŸαžΆαžšαž’αžΆαžαž»αž˜αŸ’αž™αžΆαž„αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
    οƒΎ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž€αž“αŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΆαž€αŸ‹
     αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹
     αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžšαž·αž”
     αž˜αž·αž“αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž£αŸ„αž™αžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡
A

οƒΎ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž€αž“αŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΆαž€αŸ‹

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17
Q
  1. αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžαžΎProstaglandinαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŽαžΆ?
     αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ‘
     αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ’
    οƒΎ αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αž progesterone αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡
     αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžprogesteroneαž“αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
A

οƒΎ αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αž progesterone αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡

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18
Q
  1. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŸαžšαžΈαžšαžΈαŸˆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αž·αž“αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž—αŸ’αž‰αŸ„αž…αž£αŸ„αž™αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž‰Prostaglandin
     αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
    οƒΎ αž’αžΌαžœαŸ‚
     αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
     αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡
A

οƒΎ αž’αžΌαžœαŸ‚

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19
Q
  1. Oxytocine αž‡αžΆ hormoneαžŸαŸ†αž™αŸ„αž‚αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ
     Ovary gland
    οƒΎ Posterior pituitary gland
     Anterior pituitary gland
     Corpus luteum
A

οƒΎ Posterior pituitary gland

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20
Q
  1. αž˜αž»αžαž„αžΆαžšαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ Oxytocine
     αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
    οƒΎαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž–αŸαž›αžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž›
    οƒ½αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž›
     αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž›
A

οƒΎαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž–αŸαž›αžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž›

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21
Q
  1. Chadwick’s sign
     Softening of the cervix
     Softening of the lower uterine segment
    οƒΎ Color change of vagina from pink to violet
     Color change of vagina from violet to pink
A

οƒΎ Color change of vagina from pink to violet

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22
Q
  1. Goodell’s sign
    οƒΎ Softening of the cervix
     Softening of the lower uterine segment
     Color change of vagina from violet to pink
     Color change of vagina from pink to violet
A

οƒΎ Softening of the cervix

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23
Q
  1. Hegar’s sign
     Softening of the cervix
    οƒΎ Softening of lower uterine segment
     Color change of vagina from violet to pink
     Color change of vagina from pink to violet
A

οƒΎ Softening of lower uterine segment

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24
Q
  1. αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž₯αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž–αž›αž“αŸƒhormoneRelaxinαž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž›αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž£αŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αžšαŸ„αž‚αžŸαž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆ αžŠαžΌαž…αžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž›αžΎαž€αž›αŸ‚αž„αžαŸ‚
     Constipation
     Heart burn
     Hemorrhoid
    οƒΎ Diarrhea
A

οƒΎ Diarrhea

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25
25 αž˜αžšαžŽαŸˆαž—αžΆαž‰αž˜αžΆαžαžΆ αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›  αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž€αŸŒαž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αžαŸ‚ οƒ½αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž€αŸŒ រឺ αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›42αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸƒαž€αžΆαžšαž…αž”αŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒ οƒ½αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž‚αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αžšαžΆαžšαžŽαŸŒ οƒΎ αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž€αŸŒ រឺ αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›42αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸƒαž€αžΆαžšαž…αž”αŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒαž˜αž·αž“αž‚αž·αžαžšαž™αŸ‡αž–αŸαž›αž“αžΉαž„ αž‘αžΈαžαžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸƒαž‚αž—αŸŒ αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„ αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‘αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αž„αž“αžΉαž„αž€αžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒ
οƒΎ αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž€αŸŒ រឺ αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›42αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸƒαž€αžΆαžšαž…αž”αŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒαž˜αž·αž“αž‚αž·αžαžšαž™αŸ‡αž–αŸαž›αž“αžΉαž„ αž‘αžΈαžαžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸƒαž‚αž—αŸŒ αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„ αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‘αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αž„αž“αžΉαž„αž€αžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒ
26
26.αž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αžœαŸαž‡αŸ’αž‡αžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αž αž…αž˜αŸ’αž”αž„αž“αŸƒαž˜αžšαžŽαŸˆαž—αžΆαž–αž˜αžΆαžαžΆ οƒΎ αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž–αŸαž›αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž›  αž‡αŸ†αž„αžΊαž€αŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž—αŸ’αž›αžΎαž„  αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžšαŸ„αž‚αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž›αž€αžΌαž“  αž€αžΆαžšαžšαŸ†αž›αžΌαžαž€αžΌαž“αž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž»αžœαžαŸ’αžαž·αž—αžΆαž– αž“αžΉαž„αž€αžΆαžšαžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž–αž·αž”αžΆαž€αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž›
οƒΎ αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž–αŸαž›αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž›
27
27 αž€αž€αŸ’αžαžΆαž…αžΌαž›αžšαž½αž˜αž˜αžšαžŽαŸˆαž—αžΆαž–αž˜αžΆαžαžΆ αž›αžΎαž€αž›αŸ‚αž„αžαŸ‚αž˜αž½αž™  αž€αžΆαžšαž…αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αžΌαž›αžˆαžΆαž˜αž˜αž·αž“αž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΆαž“αŸ‹  αž€αžΆαžšαž™αžΊαžαž™αŸ‰αžΆαžœαž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αžˆαž”αŸ‹ αž€αžΆαžšαž αžΌαžšαžˆαžΆαž˜ οƒ½αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαŸ’αž›αŸαž€αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαŸ†αž„αžšαžΆαŸ†αž»αžšαŸ‰αŸƒ αžŠαŸ„αž™αž€αž„αŸ’αžœαŸ‡αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαŸ‚αž€ οƒΎ αž€αž„αŸ’αžœαŸ‡αž£αž“αžΆαž˜αŸαž™
οƒΎ αž€αž„αŸ’αžœαŸ‡αž£αž“αžΆαž˜αŸαž™
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28.αž‚αŸ„αž›αž€αžΆαžšαž“αŸ‚αž“αžΆαŸ†αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“ αž€αžΆαžšαž•αŸ’αž‘αŸαž˜αžΆαžαžΆ αž“αžΉαž„αž‘αžΆαžšαž€ οƒ½αž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“αž—αŸ’αž›αžΆαž˜αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž–αŸαž›αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜  αž˜αž·αž“αž”αžΆαž…αŸ‹αž–αž“αŸ’αž™αž›αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΈ αž“αž·αž„αž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžšαž–αžΈαž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“ οƒΎαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž“αž—αžΆαž–αž˜αžΆαžαžΆ αž“αžΉαž„αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αŸ†αž“αžΉαž„αžŸαž·αž“ αž˜αž»αž“αž“αžΉαž„αž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“/  αž˜αž·αž“αž…αžΆαŸ†αž”αžΆαž…αŸ‹αž—αŸ’αž‡αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΌαžœαž―αž€αžŸαžΆαžš ឬ αž€αŸ†αžŽαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž˜αžΆαžαžΆ αž“αž·αž„αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž£αŸ„αž™αž‘αŸ…αž˜αž“αŸ’αž‘αžΈαž–αŸαž‘αŸ’αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“
οƒΎαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž“αž—αžΆαž–αž˜αžΆαžαžΆ αž“αžΉαž„αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αŸ†αž“αžΉαž„αžŸαž·αž“ αž˜αž»αž“αž“αžΉαž„αž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΌαž“/
29
29.αž™αž»αž‘αŸ’αž’αžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžŸαž»αžαžΆαž—αž·αž”αžΆαž›2008-2015αž–αžΈαžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž–αžΌαž‡ αžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž“αžΉαž„ αž€αž»αž˜αžΆαž›αžΎαž€αž›αŸ‚αž„αžαŸ‚αž˜αž½αž™  αž€αžΆαžšαž•αŸ’αžαž›αŸ‹αžŸαŸαžœαžΆ οƒ½αž αž·αžšαž‰αŸ’αž‰αžŸαž”αŸ’αž”αž‘αžΆαž“ αž€αžΆαžšαžαŸ‚αž‘αžΆαŸ†αžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–  αž’αž“αž’αžΆαž“αž˜αž“αž»αžŸαŸ’αžŸ αžŸαž»αžαžΆαž—αž·αž”αžΆαž› αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αž“αŸ’αž’αŸαž–αžαŸŒαž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž»αžαžΆαž—αž·αž”αžΆαž› οƒΎ αž’αž—αž·αž”αžΆαž›αž€αž·αž…αŸ’αž… αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αž“αŸ’αž’αŸαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†
οƒΎ αž’αž—αž·αž”αžΆαž›αž€αž·αž…αŸ’αž… αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αž“αŸ’αž’αŸαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†
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30. Presumptive signs and symptoms in two weeks after implantation : οƒΎ Absence of menstruation  Frequent urination  Quickening  Linea nigra : line of dark pigment on the abdomen
οƒΎ Absence of menstruation
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31. Presumptive signs and symptoms in 24 weeks οƒΎ Linea nigra : line of dark pigment on the abdomen  Absence of menstruation  Frequent urination  Quickening
οƒΎ Linea nigra : line of dark pigment on the abdomen
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32. Quickening ( Movement felt by women )αž€αžΎαžαž˜αžΆαž“αž“αŸ…αžŸαž”αŸ’αžαžΆαž αŸ  16 weeks  12 weeks  14 weeks οƒΎ 18 weeks
οƒΎ 18 weeks
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32. Quickening ( Movement felt by women )αž€αžΎαžαž˜αžΆαž“αž“αŸ…αžŸαž”αŸ’αžαžΆαž αŸ  16 weeks  12 weeks  14 weeks οƒΎ 18 weeks
οƒΎ 18 weeks
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33. Probable signs of pregnancyαžŸαž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αžšαž€αžƒαžΎαž‰ αž“αž·αž„αž€αžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαžŠαŸ„αž™ οƒ½αž£αŸ’αž“αž€αž‡αŸ†αž„αžΊαžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ οƒΎαž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž–αŸαž‘αŸ’αž™αž†αŸ’αž˜αž” αž“αžΉαž„αž£αŸ’αž“αž–αž·αž“αž·αžαŸ’αž™( Examiner ) οƒ½αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž–αŸαž‘αŸ’αž™αž£αŸαž€αžΌαž”αŸαŸ‡αžŠαžΌαž„  αž£αŸ’αž“αž€αž‡αŸ†αž„αžΊαž“αŸ„αž˜αž‰αžΉαž€
οƒΎαž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž–αŸαž‘αŸ’αž™αž†αŸ’αž˜αž” αž“αžΉαž„αž£αŸ’αž“αž–αž·αž“αž·αžαŸ’αž™( Examiner )
35
34. Positive sign of pregnancy αž”αžΆαž“αž”αž„αŸ’αž αžΆαž‰αž€αžΆαžαžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž…αž„αŸ’αžœαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž”αŸαŸ‡αžŠαžΌαž„αž€αžΌαž“  αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž™stethoscopeαž“αŸ…αž…αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡ ៑៨ αž“αŸ… ្០ weeks οƒΎ αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž–αŸ„αŸ‡ stethoscopeαž“αŸ…αž…αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡αŸ‘0 αž“αŸ… ៑្ weeks  αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž–αŸ„αŸ‡ stethoscopeαž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜ ៑0 weeks  ៑្ αž“αŸ… ៑ៀ weeks
οƒΎ αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž–αŸ„αŸ‡ stethoscopeαž“αŸ…αž…αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡αŸ‘0 αž“αŸ… ៑្ weeks
36
35. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡Hormone estrogenαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αžŠαŸ„αž™αŸ– οƒ½αž€αŸ’αžšαž–αŸαž‰αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡  αž€αŸ’αžšαž–αŸαž‰Thyroid gland οƒΎ Placenta and corpus luteum  Pituitary gland
οƒΎ Placenta and corpus luteum
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36.αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ Hormone estrogen αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαž½αž›αŸ–  αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒ estrogen  αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒαž€αŸ†αžšαž·αž Progesterone οƒΎ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž£αŸ„αž™ Breast and uterine enlargement  αž˜αž·αž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž”αŸ’αžšαž½αž›estrogen
οƒΎ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž£αŸ„αž™ Breast and uterine enlargement
38
37. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡Hormone progesteroneαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αžŠαŸ„αž™ οƒΎ Placenta and corpus luteum  αž€αŸ’αžšαž–αŸαž‰αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡  Pancreas (αž›αŸ†αž–αŸ‚αž„)  Uterine
οƒΎ Placenta and corpus luteum
39
38. αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡Hormone progesterone αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž•αŸ’αž›αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžαžΌ:  αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžprogesterone οƒ½αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αž”αžΆαžαžŠαŸƒαž‘αžΎαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαž αž˜( Palmar erythema ) οƒΎαž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžprogesterone  αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒαž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžestrogen
οƒΎαž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžprogesterone
40
39. αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžprogesteroneαž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž£αŸ„αž™ οƒΎ αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“  αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ οƒ½αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αž”αžΆαžαžŠαŸƒαž‘αžΎαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαž αž˜ Palmar erythema )  estrogenαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡
οƒΎ αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
41
40. αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒestrogen αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž£αŸ„αž™ οƒ½αžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž”αžΆαž“αž›αŸ’αž£αž“αžΌαžœ endometrium οƒΎ Breast and uterine enlargement  αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“  αž€αŸ†αžšαž·αž HCG αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡
οƒΎ Breast and uterine enlargement
42
41. HCGαž‡αžΆHormone αž˜αŸ’αž™αŸ‰αžΆαž„αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αžŠαŸ„αž™  αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆαž€αŸ’αžšαž–αŸαž‰αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡ οƒΎ αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆTrophoblaste  αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆαžšαž“αŸƒThyroid gland  αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆαž“αŸƒOvary gland
οƒΎ αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆTrophoblaste
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42. αž€αžΆαžšαž“αž€αžΎαž“αž“αŸƒHCG αž›αžΎαžŸαž–αžΈαž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžαžΆαž”αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžαžΆ οƒΎ αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒ  αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“  αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž‡αž·αžαž£αžŸαŸ‹αžšαžŠαžΌαžœ  αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž„αžΊαž˜αž αžΆαžšαžΈαž€αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
οƒΎ αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒ
44
43. Relaxinαž‡αžΆhormone οƒ½αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž—αžΆαž–αž‘αž“αŸ‹  αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž—αžΆαž–αžšαžΉαž„  αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž—αžΆαž–αžšαžΉαž„ οƒΎ αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž—αžΆαž–αž‘αž“αŸ‹
οƒΎ αž‘αž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž£αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž—αžΆαž–αž‘αž“αŸ‹
45
44. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž”αŸ’αžšαž½αž›pituitary gland :  FSH ↓ and LH ↑  FSH ↑ and LH ↑ οƒΎ FSH ↓ and LH ↓  Prolactine ↓
οƒΎ FSH ↓ and LH ↓
46
45αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ Braxton hicks contraction )αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆ  αž€αžΆαžšαžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž› οƒ½αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΎαž”αŸ†αžšαŸ‡αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž™  As warmup exercises for labor and decrease placental perfusion οƒΎ As warmup exercises for labor and increase placental perfusion
οƒΎ As warmup exercises for labor and increase placental perfusion
47
46. αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž₯αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž–αž›αž“αŸƒ estrogen αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαž»αž€αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž£αŸ„αž™  αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ†αž”αžΌαžšαžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜ αž αžΎαž™αžšαžΆαž„αž αžΎαž˜ αž“αžΉαž„αž–αžŽαŸŒαžαŸ’αž˜αŸ…  αž˜αžΆαžαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜ αž αžΎαž™αžšαžΆαž„αž αžΎαž˜ αž“αžΉαž„αž–αžŽαŸŒαžαŸ’αž˜αŸ… οƒΎ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ†αž”αžΌαžšαžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜ αž“αž·αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž–αžŽαŸŒαž–αžΈαžŸαž»αžΈαž‡αž˜αŸ’αž–αžΌαž‘αŸ…αž–αžŽαŸŒαžŸαŸ’αžœαžΆαž™  αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ†αž”αžΌαžšαžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜ αž“αž·αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž–αžŽαŸŒαž–αžΈαžŸαŸ’αžœαžΆαž™αž‘αŸ…αžŸαž»αžΈαž‡αž˜αŸ’αž–αžΌ
οƒΎ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ†αž”αžΌαžšαžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜ αž“αž·αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž–αžŽαŸŒαž–αžΈαžŸαž»αžΈαž‡αž˜αŸ’αž–αžΌαž‘αŸ…αž–αžŽαŸŒαžŸαŸ’αžœαžΆαž™
48
47 αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž₯αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž–αž›αž“αŸƒestrogen αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαž»αž€αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž£αŸ„αž™  Vaginalαž–αžΈαžŸαž»αžΈαž€αŸ’αžšαž αž˜αž‘αŸ…αžŸαŸ’αžœαžΆαž™ οƒΎ PHαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„vaginal secretionαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡alkaline PH to acidotic PH  PH αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„vaginal secretionαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž–αžΈalkaline PH to acidotic PH  Vaginalαž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž–αžŽαŸŒαž–αžΈαžŸαŸ’αžœαžΆαž™αž‘αŸ…αžŸαž»αžΈαž‡αž˜αŸ’αž–αžΌ
οƒΎ PHαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„vaginal secretionαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αž»αŸ‡alkaline PH to acidotic PH
49
48. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž”αŸ’αžšαž½αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αž“αŸ’αž’αŸαž”αŸαŸ‡αžŠαžΌαž„ αž“αžΉαž„αžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜  Heart rateαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡  Leucocytesαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡ οƒΎ Leucocytesαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„  Blood pressureαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
οƒΎ Leucocytesαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
50
49. Supine hypotension syndromeαž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž£αŸ„αž™  Maternal hypertension& Fetal hypoxia οƒΎ Maternal hypotension & Fetal hypoxia  Fetal hypoxia  Back pain
οƒΎ Maternal hypotension & Fetal hypoxia
51
50. αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž—αžΆαž‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αžŠαž€αžŠαž„αŸ’αž αžΎαž˜αž‰αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž„αž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžαžΆαž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž˜αž€αž–αžΈ οƒ½αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αžšαž„αŸ‹αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŠαŸ†αž”αžΌαž„  αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž˜αž€αž–αžΈαž‡αžΈαž–αž…αžšαžŠαžΎαžšαž‰αžΆαž”αŸ‹  αž€αž€αŸ’αžαžΆαž…αŸ†αžŽαžΈαž£αžΆαž αžΆαžšαž αžΆαžš οƒΎαž€αžΆαžšαžšαž»αž‰αž…αŸ’αžšαžΆαž“αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαž“αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž‘αŸ’αžšαžΌαž„
οƒΎαž€αžΆαžšαžšαž»αž‰αž…αŸ’αžšαžΆαž“αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž—αŸŒαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαž“αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž‘αŸ’αžšαžΌαž„
52
51. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡Oxytocine αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰  αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈ ៑  αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈ ្  αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ£ οƒΎ αž…αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈ ៣
οƒΎ αž…αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈ ៣
53
52. αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ hormoneαž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž˜αž»αžαž‡αžΆαŸ†? Oxytocine αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ Prostaglandine αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ Melanocyte Stimulating hormone αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ Prolactineαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
Melanocyte Stimulating hormone αž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„
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53. αž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž’αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ’αž›αŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž€αžΆαžšαŸˆαž“αŸ„αž˜αž‰αžΉαž€αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ‘? αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“ αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž…αŸ’αž”αžαŸ‹αž˜αž€αž˜αž»αžαž”αŸ‰αŸ‡αž“αžΉαž„αž”αŸ’αž›αŸ„αž€αž“αŸ„αž˜ αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž…αŸ’αž”αžαŸ‹αž‘αŸ…αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž”αŸ‰αŸ‡αž“αžΉαž„αž”αŸ’αž›αŸ„αž€αž“αŸ„αž˜ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž”αŸ’αžšαž½αž›αž…αž·αžαŸ’αžαžŸαž„αŸ’αž‚αž˜αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž…αŸ’αž”αžαŸ‹αž˜αž€αž˜αž»αžαž”αŸ‰αŸ‡αž“αžΉαž„αž”αŸ’αž›αŸ„αž€αž“αŸ„αž˜
55
54.αž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž’αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ’αž›αŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž€αžΆαžšαŸˆαž“αŸ„αž˜αž‰αžΉαž€αž“αŸ…αž…αž»αž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ£? αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž“αŸƒαž€αŸ†αžšαž·αžαž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“ αž€αžΆαžšαž…αž»αŸ‡αž…αžΌαž›αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αžšαž„αŸ‹αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž‘αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž’αžΆαž„αžαŸ’αžšαž‚αžΆαž€αž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž™ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ†αž„αž“αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž…αž»αŸ‡αž…αžΌαž›αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αžšαž„αŸ‹αž‘αžΆαžšαž€αž‘αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž’αžΆαž„αžαŸ’αžšαž‚αžΆαž€αž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž™
56
55. αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αžΆαžŸαž‘αžΈαŸ£αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž€αžΆαžšαŸˆαž–αž·αž”αžΆαž€αž”αžαŸ‹αž‡αžΎαž„αž’αŸ†αž“αž·αž„αž‘αž›αŸ‹αž›αžΆαž˜αž€αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž˜αž€αž–αžΈαž€αžαŸ’αžαžΆ αž€αžΆαžšαžšαž»αž‰αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž”αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹αž’αžΆαž αžΆαžš αž“αž·αž„αž€αŸ’αžšαž–αŸ‡ αž€αžΆαžšαžšαž»αž‰αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎ αž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“αžαžΌαž… αž’αŸ† αž€αžΆαžšαžšαž»αž‰αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎ αž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“αžαžΌαž… αž’αŸ† αžšαž½αž˜αž“αž·αž„ αž₯αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž–αž›αž’αžΆαž€αŸ’αžšαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ Hormone relaxine αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž‘αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ†αž„αž“αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž›αžΆαŸ†αž„αž–αŸαž€αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαžšαž»αž‰αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎ αž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“αžαžΌαž… αž’αŸ† αžšαž½αž˜αž“αž·αž„ αž₯αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž–αž›αž’αžΆαž€αŸ’αžšαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ Hormone relaxine
57
56. Receptor αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ ProstaglandineαŸ– αž€αŸ’αžšαž–αŸαž‰αž’αžΌαžœαŸ‚ Pancreas αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαžŸ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡
58
57. αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž…αŸ†αžŽαŸ„αž˜αž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αžαžΎαž’αžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αžŽαžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž˜αž»αžαž„αžΆαžšαž‘αž”αŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ Prostaglandin Prolactin Oxytocin Progesterone
Progesterone
59
58. αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž…αŸ†αžŽαŸ„αž˜αž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αžαžΎαž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αžŽαžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž•αž›αž·αžαž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡? Prostaglandin Prolactin Progesterone Oxytocin
Prolactin
60
59. αž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αžŽαžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αžΆαž“αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž–αŸαž›αž…αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αŸ†αž”αŸ‚αž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡ Oxytocin Prostaglandin Prolactin Progesterone
Prostaglandin
61
60. αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αž·αž“αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΌαž“ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ†αž„αž“αŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžšαž αŸ‚αž› : 100g 150g 60.70g 50g
50g
62
61. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž’αžΆαž…αž€αžΎαž“αž›αžΎαžŸαž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžαžΆαž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αžŠαž„? 30 αžŠαž„ 40-50 αžŠαž„ 20 αžŠαž„ 5-10 αžŠαž„
20 αžŠαž„
63
62. αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž›αžΌαžαž›αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž˜αž€αž–αžΈ : αž€αžΆαžšαž›αžΌαžαž›αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαžšαžΈαžšαžΆαž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαž™αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž…αž»αŸ‡αžαž™αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ αž€αžΆαžšαž…αž»αŸ‡αžαž™αž“αŸƒαž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΈαž€αž’αŸ†αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αž αŸ†αž€αŸ„αžŸαž·αž€αžΆ
64
63. αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž‡αž·αžαž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αžαŸ‚αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž˜αž½αž™αž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž αžΎαž˜αžαŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αžΎαž„,αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαžŸ,αž‡αžΌαž“αž›αŸαž…αž…αŸαž‰αž¬αžŸαžŠαžΌαž„ αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜ αž‘αŸ€αžαžαžΎαž€αžαŸ’αžαžΆαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸαŸ‡αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž˜αž€αž–αžΈαž’αŸ’αžœαžΈ? αžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž‡αž·αžαžŠαž›αŸ‹αž–αŸαž›αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž› αž€αžΆαžšαžœαž·αž›αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒαž‘αŸ†αžšαž„αŸ‹αž‘αžΆαžšαž€ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒ Progesterone αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž€αŸ€αž”αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αž›αžΎ αžŸαžšαžŸαŸƒαž’αžΆαž‘αŸ‚αž–αŸ„αŸ‡ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒProgesterone αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž€αŸ€αž”αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αž›αžΎ αžŸαžšαžŸαŸƒαžœαŸ‚αž“αž–αŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒProgesterone αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž€αŸ€αž”αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžαŸ‹αž›αžΎ αžŸαžšαžŸαŸƒαžœαŸ‚αž“αž–αŸ„αŸ‡
65
64. Isthmsαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸ…αž…αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡? αžαž½αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαžŸ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαžŸ αžαž½αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž”αŸ‰αŸαžšαžΈαžŽαŸ
β˜‘ αžαž½αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
66
65. αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž‘αžΎαž„αž…αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž–αžΈ : αž€αŸ†αž–αžΌαž›αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸαž‰αž…αž»αŸ‡αž˜αž€αžšαž€αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž€αŸ†αž–αžΌαž›αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸαž‰αž…αž»αŸ‡αž˜αž€αžšαž€αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαžŸ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸαž‰αž‘αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ…αžšαž€αž€αŸ†αž–αžΌαž›αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸαž‰αž‘αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ…αžšαž€αž’αžΌαžœαŸ‚
β˜‘ αž€αŸ†αž–αžΌαž›αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸαž‰αž…αž»αŸ‡αž˜αž€αžšαž€αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
67
66. αž•αŸ’αž“αŸ‚αž€αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž“αŸƒαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ (lower segment)αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž‚αž—αŸŒαž’αžΆαž™αž»αž”αŸ’αžšαž αŸ‚αž› : 20-25 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™ 25-30 αž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™ 28-30 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™ 15-20 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™
28-30 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™
68
67. αž’αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αž·αžαž‡αž·αž αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž‚αŸ„αž›αž”αŸ†αžŽαž„ : αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžšαž αžΌαžšαž¬αž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡ αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ‰αŸ‡αž‘αž„αŸ’αž‚αž·αž… αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜ αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžšαžšαž›αžΌαžαž€αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžšαžšαŸ„αž‚αžαžΆαž˜αž•αŸ’αž›αžΌαžœαž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžšαžšαž›αžΌαžαž€αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžšαžšαŸ„αž‚αžαžΆαž˜αž•αŸ’αž›αžΌαžœαž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜
69
68. αžαžΎαžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŽαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžŸαŸ†αž”αžΌαžšαžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜αž‡αžΆαž„αž‚αŸ? αžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ…αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž’αž„αŸ‹αžŠαžΌαž˜αŸ‰αŸ‚αž (endometrium)
β˜‘ αžŸαŸ’αžšαž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“
70
69. αžŸαžΆαžšαž’αžΆαžαž»αžŽαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ : Progesterone and ẞmimetic Prostaglandins and Oxytocin Relaxin and Prostacyclin Decrease intra cellular calcium
Prostaglandins and Oxytocin
71
70. αžŸαžΆαžšαž’αžΆαžαž»αžŽαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ : Prostaglandins and Oxytocin Increase intra cellular calcium Progesterone and ẞmimetic Decrease calcium storage
Progesterone and ẞmimetic
72
71. αž€αžαŸ’αžαžΆαžŽαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž’αŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž—αžΆαž–αž‘αž“αŸ‹αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡? αž€αžΆαžšαžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡αž“αŸƒαž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“ Oestrogen αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžš Oestrogen αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαž’αžΆαž™αž»αž‚αž·αž— αž€αžΆαžšαž‘αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ†αž„αž“αŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αž·αž—
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž“αŸƒαžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžš Oestrogen
73
72.αž’αžΆαž™αž»αž‚αž·αžαž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αžαŸ‚αž…αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡αž–αžΈ : 28-37 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™ 24-34 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™ 37-42 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™ 28-42 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™
37-42 αž’αžΆαž‘αž·αžαŸ’αž™
74
73. αž™αž“αŸ’αžαž€αžΆαžšαžŽαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž› : Oestrogenαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ Progesteroneαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ Oestrogenαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ αž“αž·αž„ Progesterone αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡ Corticotrophin -Releasing hormone αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡
β˜‘ Oestrogenαž€αžΎαž“αž‘αžΎαž„ αž“αž·αž„ Progesterone αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡
75
74. Prostaglandinsαž‡αžΆαž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™ : αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž“αž·αž„αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž”αž·αž‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž”αžΎαž€ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αžαž™αž…αž»αŸ‡ &αž”αŸ‚αž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŠαž»αŸ†αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž”αžΎαž€
76
75. Prostaglandins αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ†αž™αŸ„αž‚αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈαž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡? Fetal membranes, decidua Fetal brain, deciduas, myometrium Fetal placenta, myometrium Fetal membranes, decidua, myometrium & cervix
Fetal membranes, decidua, myometrium & cervix
77
76. OxytocinαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ†αž™αŸ„αž‚ &αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈαž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αžŽαžΆ? Placentaand cervix Myometrium & cervix Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland Hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland
Hypothalamus and posterior pituitary gland
78
77. តើ Receptorsαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ Oxytocinαž“αŸ…αž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αžŽαžΆ? Uterus and cervix Uterus and mammary gland Placenta and membranes Placenta and mammary gland
Uterus and mammary gland
79
78. αžαž½αž“αžΆαž‘αžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ Oxytocin : αž‘αž”αŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž‘αž”αŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ‚αž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡ αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αž…αž²αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡ αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αžšαžΆαŸ†αž„αžαŸ’αž‘αž”αŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡
β˜‘ αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž—αŸ’αž‰αŸ„αž…αž²αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ„αŸ‡
80
79. Relaxinαž‡αžΆαž’αŸαžšαž˜αŸ‰αžΌαž“αž•αž›αž·αžαž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈαžŸαžšαžΈαžšαžΆαž„αŸ’αž‚αž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ : αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž“αž·αž„αž˜αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ„αŸ‡ αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αžΏαž„ αž“αž·αž„ deciduas αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αžΏαž„, deciduaαž“αž·αž„ αžŸαž»αž€
αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αžΏαž„ αž“αž·αž„ deciduas
81
80. αž˜αž»αžαž„αžΆαžšαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ Relaxin αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸƒαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ : αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž“αž·αž„αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜αžšαžΈαž€ αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžˆαžΆαž˜ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“ αž“αž·αž„ αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜αžšαž½αž˜
β˜‘ αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž™αž€αžΆαžšαž€αž“αŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαž“αž“αž·αž„αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸαžŸαŸƒαžˆαžΆαž˜αžšαžΈαž€
82
11.LHαž‡αžΆ hormoneαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈ Uterine Corpus luteum Ovary gland Anterior pituitary gland
Anterior pituitary gland