Trends Of The Periodic Table Flashcards
(26 cards)
Electronegativity decreases:
Down a group
Electronegativity is:
Measure of an elements ability to attract an electron
Metallic characteristics decrease:
Across a period
Metallic characteristics increase:
Down a group
Metallic characteristics are:
The ease at which an atom loses electrons
Oxidising strength increases:
Across a period
Oxidising strength decreases:
Down a group
Oxidising strength is:
How readily an element gains electrons
Reducing strength increases:
Down a group
Reducing strength decreases:
Across a period
Reducing strength is:
How readily an element loses electrons
Ionisation energy is:
The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom
The unit for ionisation energy is:
kj/mol
What are the ionisation energies?
The energies required to remove the outermost electrons from the atom. Eg the 1st ionisation energy Li(g)➡️Li+(g)+e-(520kj/mol)
Ionisation energy decreases:
Down a group
Ionisation energy increases:
Across a period
Ionic size: metals
They lose electrons and form cations, they are smaller than the atoms they come from, cations have an increase in attraction between the electrons and the nucleus
Ionic size: non metals
Gain electrons and form anions, bigger than the atom they come from, anions have a lesser attraction between the electrons and nucleus
Atomic size decreases:
Across a period
Atomic size increases:
Down a group
Atomic size is:
The size of an atom due to its electrons.
Atomic size: when there are more electrons:
The atomic size decreases as the electrons are more strongly attracted to the nucleus
Atomic size: when there are less electrons:
The atomic size increases as the electrons are loosely attracted to the nucleus
Reactivity across a period:
Lowest in the middle and increases vertically either way
