Tresors du Temps Flashcards
Study Guide (23 cards)
la Bastille
an old fortress in Paris that also held political prisoners of the king; supposedly there was ammunition here; a big war happened here
le clergé
members of the church; along with the nobles, they were higher in political power than normal people
la noblesse
composed of aristocrats; highest status in the government
le Tiers-État
the rest of the people in government; badly represented and rose against the other two; 90% of the population
Madame de la Motte
a notorious woman who acted as an intermediary for the queen for the delivery of a diamond necklace; she stole the necklace and sold the diamonds in England; when she was arrested, she escaped to England and wrote violent attacks to the queen
le Serment du Jeu de Paume
a pivotal moment in the French Revolution; done in a tennis court that le Tiers-État occupied, where they declared that they would make a revolution to increase representation and create a constitution
Louis XVI
the last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French Revolution; was king during la Bastille; became executed
Robespierre
a large and influential figure in the French Revolution; had a major role in the Reign of Terror; used extreme power to suppress enemies, and had Dalton, an enemy, executed; was later also executed by enemies
départements
divided France into different regions, replacing the ancient provinces; centralized the nation around Paris; a result of the Revolution
tricolore
the new ribboned (concarde) French flag after the revolution; replaced the previous one that had three fleurs de lis; had the colors blue, red, and white
Napoléon Bonaparte
born poor in Italy; got a scholarship to military school; known well in battle; self-declared emperor; powerful government; Legion of Honor and universities and schools; failed military expansion that got stopped by Russia and economic blockade by England; exiled and died on Saint-Helen by England
Le Code de Napoléon
a civil law code that Napoleon created based on Roman Law; updated version used today; used, with modifications, in Louisiana, Belgium, and Mexico
L’île d’Elbe
for a while, Napoleon was exiled to here by Russia after his failed attempt to invade Russia
Waterloo
the battle here ended the 100-year war and was the final defeat for Napoléon; was fought with England; later he was exiled to Saint-Helene
la machine à vapeur
created in the 19th century during the industrial revolution, it revolutionized transportation, with the train being a faster substitute for horses
Louis-Phillipe 1er
the Duke of Orleans, he was a bourgeois king; didn’t want to believe in his divine right; wanted France to be peaceful at all costs; exiled when he rejected to support a new Republican party
Napoléon III
aka Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; wanted to develop cities like Paris; elected Maxmillan and lost Cinco de Mayo and warred against Prussia in la Commune; eventually exiled
la Commune
a large revolt in Paris by socialists that were supported by Prussia; they destroyed monuments and wanted a socialist government rather than the current monarchy
la Belle Époque
known as the Gay Nineties, had many innovations, such as the discovery of microbes and radium, large malls, opera, sewers in Paris, and better infrastructure; also had the building of the Eiffel Tower
le Traité de Versailles
the treaty that officially ended WWI; gave Alsace-Lorraine to France; punished Germany
la Seconde Guerre Mondial
the second world war; nazis in the axis powers fought against the allies; Germany invaded France, but was rescued at Normandy
Normandie
aka Normandy; the Americans attacked against the nazi invaders on June 1944 and liberated France
Charles de Gaulle
French general and statesman who led French resistance against the Nazis; led them to democracy afterward and freed the colonies
