Triads, scores and pneumonics

Question 1

Samters Triad

Answer 1

asthma + aspirin sensitivity + nasal polyposis

Question 2

Becks Triad

Answer 2

falling BP, rising JVP and muffled heart sound

cardiac tamponade

Question 3

Charcots Triad

Answer 3

RUQ pain, fever and jaundice

ascending cholangitis

Question 4

Child-Pugh score liver disease

Answer 4

PT
Bilirubin
Albumin
encephalopathy
Ascites

Question 5

Curb 65

Answer 5

Conufion
Urea >7
RR >30
SBP<90 or DBP <60
Age >65

Question 6

CAGE

Answer 6

Cut down
Annoyed
Guilty
Eye opener
>1 suggests alcoholism

Question 7

RF for endometrial cancer - NOTLUM

Answer 7

Nulliparrity
Obese
Tamoxifen
Late menopause
Unopposed oestrogen (HRT)
Mellitus (DM)

Question 8

HUS triad

Answer 8

Haemolytic anaemia, AKI and thrombocytopenia

Question 9

Nephrotic syndrome triad

Answer 9

Proteinuria, odema, hypoalbuminaemia

Question 10

Parkinsons triad

Answer 10

Bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor

Question 11

CHA2DS2-VASc

Answer 11

Anticoagulation in AF - more than 1 in men and 2 in female - consider
Congestive heart failure - 1
Hypertension - 1
Age ≥ 75 - 2
Age 65-74 - 1
Diabetes mellitus - 1
Stroke/TIA/thrombo-embolism - 2
Vascular disease  - 1
Sex Female - 1

Question 12

DAS28

Answer 12

measures disease activity in RA

Question 13

HASBLED

Answer 13

Hypertension Uncontrolled, > 160 mmHg systolic - 1
Abnormal liver function - 1
Abnormal renal function - 1
Stroke - 1
Bleeding- 1
Labile INRs - 1
Elderly (Age >65) - 1
Drugs - 1
Alcohol - 1

Question 14

ABCD2

Answer 14

Risk stratification in TIA - going out of favour
A Age >= 60 1
B Blood pressure >= 140/90 mmHg 1
C Clinical features unilateral weakness 2
speech disturbance without weakness 1
D1 Duration of symptoms >= 60 min 2
10-59 min 1
<10 min 0
D2 Diabetes diagnosed with diabetes? 1

Question 15

HAD score

Answer 15

Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale - assesses severity of anxiety and depression symptoms

Question 16

PHQ-9

Answer 16

Patient Health Questionnaire - assesses severity of depression symptoms

Question 17

GAD-7

Answer 17

Used as a screening tool and severity measure for generalised anxiety disorder

Question 18

Edinburgh PN score

Answer 18

Post natal depression

Question 19

Epworth sleep scale

Answer 19

OSA

Question 20

Ranson criteria

Answer 20

Acute pancreatitis prognosis
This can be defined as the presence of three or more of the following criteria within 48 hours of admission:

• PaO2 <8kPa
• Age >55years
• Neutrophilia (White cell count >15 x 10^9/L)
• Calcium <2mmol/L
• Renal function (urea >16mmol/L)
• Enzymes (LDH >600iu/L or AST >200iu/L)
• Albumin <32g/L
• Sugar (blood glucose >10mmol/L)

Question 21

Gleason score

Answer 21

Indicates prognosis in prostate cancer

Question 22

IPSS

Answer 22

International prostate symptom score

Question 23

Bishop score

Answer 23

of cervix- predict need for induction of labour

Question 24

Waterlow score

Answer 24

Assesses the risk of a patient developing a pressure sore

Question 25

FRAX score

Answer 25

Risk assessment tool developed by WHO which calculates a patients 10-year risk of developing an osteoporosis related fracture

Question 26

Keith-Wagener classification

Answer 26

``` Hypertensive retinopathy I Arteriolar narrowing and tortuosity Increased light reflex - silver wiring II Arteriovenous nipping III Cotton-wool exudates Flame and blot haemorrhages IV Papilloedema ```

Question 27

Amsterdam Criteria

Answer 27

Three or more family members with a confirmed diagnosis of colorectal cancer, one of whom is a first degree (parent, child, sibling) relative of the other two. Two successive affected generations. One or more colon cancers diagnosed under age 50 years. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) has been excluded.

Question 28

Felty's Syndrome

Answer 28

RA | Splenomegaly and neutropenia

Question 29

Chandlers Classification

Answer 29

Periorbital Cellulitis

Question 30

Kings criteria

Answer 30

Determine liver failure requiring immediate liver transplant after paracetamol overdose. Includes measurement of creatinine, INR, acidaemia, encephalopathy, high lactate/phosphate

Question 31

Rockall Score

Answer 31

Mortality after GI bleed >8 = poor prognosis <3 = Good prognosis

Question 32

Glasgow blatchford score

Answer 32

Assess need intervention in Gi bleed (endoscopy of tranfusion) 0-1 discharge with OP OGD >2 and stable = Referral to gastro reg and OGD in 24 hrs >2 and unstable - urgent gastro review and emergency OGD

Question 33

MUST

Answer 33

Malnutrition Universal screening tool

Question 34

ALARMS Sx GORD

Answer 34

``` Anaemia Loss of weight Anorexia Recent onset/progressive Melna/haematemesis Swallowing difficulty ```

Question 35

Saints Triad

Answer 35

Sliding Hiatus Hernia, gallstones and diverticular disease

Question 36

Trosiers sign

Answer 36

Virchows node in supraclavicular fossa suggests metastatic abdominal malignancy

Question 37

MASCC Score

Answer 37

Neutropenic sepsis | Score of more than 21 = okay to go home

Question 38

Ann Arbor Staging system

Answer 38

Hodgkins lympoma | Stage 1-4 based on LN involvement