Trigeminal Nerve Injury Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is dysesthesia?
An unpleasant abnormal sensation that is either spontaneous or provoked
What is the difference between analgesia and anesthesia?
Analgesia is an absence of pain in response to stimulation that would normally be painful. Anesthesia is the absence of perception of stimulation by any noxious or nonnoxious stimulation of skin or
mucosa. It is divided into general (central), regional, and local types.
What is allodynia?
Allodynia is pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain. Unlike hyperalgesia, hyperpathia, and hyperesthesia, allodynia may include emotionally induced sensations in the nerve-injured
patient.
What is hyperalgesia?
Hyperalgesia is an increased response to a stimulus that is normally painful.
What is hyperesthesia?
Hyperesthesia is an increased sensitivity to any noxious or nonnoxious stimulation of skin or mucosa,
excluding the special senses; it includes allodynia and hyperalgesia.
What are the symptoms of hyperesthesia?
Patients describe a shooting, flashing, burning pain produced by normally nonpainful stimuli.
What is hyperpathia?
Hyperpathia is a painful syndrome characterized by increased reaction to a stimulus and increased
threshold for response. It commonly is induced by repetitive mechanical pressures and characterized
by faulty identification and localization of stimuli.
What is hypoalgesia?
Hypoalgesia is diminished pain response to a normally painful stimulus
What is paresthesia?
Paresthesia is an abnormal sensation, either evoked or spontaneous, that is not necessarily unpleasant or painful, as in dysesthesia.
What is the incidence of inferior alveolar and lingual nerve injury during removal of
third molars?
The incidence of inferior alveolar, lingual, and, less frequently, long buccal nerve injury during
mandibular third molar removal ranges between 0.6% and 5.0%. In general, the incidence of inferior
alveolar nerve (IAN) injuries is higher than that of the lingual nerve; in one study, incidence was 1.2%
for the IAN and 0.9% for the lingual nerve. Factors such as age, surgical technique, and proximity of the nerve to the tooth influence the incidence of these injuries. More than 96% of patients with lingual
nerve injuries recover spontaneously.
What factors are associated with a higher incidence of lingual nerve injury during
the course of third molar removal?
Lingually angled impactions are especially vulnerable to nerve injury during their removal because of
the erosion or absence of the lingual cortical plate by infection or cyst exposing the nerve directly to
damage during instrumentation to remove the tooth.
What are the potential clinical manifestations of a trigeminal nerve injury?
• Nonpainful anesthesia and hypoesthesia
• Nonpainful hyperesthesia
• Painful anesthesia and hypoesthesia
• Painful hyperesthesia
