tropical rainforests

Question 1

what is the climate like in tropical rainforests

Answer 1

the same all year around - no definite seasons
- hot - suns intensity is more intense near the equator
- rain fall is high - 2000mm per year

Question 2

what is the temperature like in tropical rainforests

Answer 2

between 20-28 degrees

Question 3

what is plantation like in tropical rainforests

Answer 3

trees are evergreen
trees are tall
vegetation cover is dense - little light reaches the floor
lots of epiphytes

Question 4

what is a epiphytes

Answer 4

plants that grow on other plants and take nutrients and moisture from the air
e.g orchids + ferns

Question 5

what is the soil like in tropical rainforests

Answer 5

not very fertile as heavy rain washes nutrients away

Question 6

what are the animals like in tropical rainforests

Answer 6

believed to contain more animal species than any other ecosystem
gorillas,sloths,tree frogs

Question 7

what are the people like in tropical rainforests

Answer 7

indigenous people have adapted to life in rain forests
they make a living by hunting and fishing, growing vegetation

Question 8

do rain forests have high or low biodiveristy

Answer 8

very high

Question 9

what percent do rain forests contain of the worlds plant,animal and insect species

Answer 9

50%

Question 10

what is the climate like

Answer 10

very hot and wet

Question 11

what is an example of how rainforests are interdependant

Answer 11

warm and wet climate helps plants decomose quick -high nutrient soil - grow quick

plants pass on nutrients when eaten - dense vegitiation provides food - animal population high

Question 12

what is a symbiotic relationship

Answer 12

where animals and plants depend on each other for survival

Question 13

what is a example of a symbiotic realtionship

Answer 13

agouti - rat - only animal that can crack Brazil nut
sometimes bury nuts which turn them into plants

Question 14

what conditions in rainforests have plants adapted to

Answer 14

high temperatures
high rainfall
competition for light

Question 15

what are the adaptations of plants in rain forests

Answer 15

trees - grow tall - competition for sunlight
plants - thick waxy leaves - drip tips
climbing plants use tree trunks to reach sun
smooth bark - no need to protect from cold - helps water runoff
buttress roots - support trees tall trunks

Question 16

what do thick waxy leaves and drip tips do

Answer 16

channel water to the tip ,encouraging runoff - weight of water doesn’t damage plant
- no standing water for fungi and bacteria to grow in

Question 17

how are howler moneys adapted to rainforests

Answer 17

strong arms so they can move around easily
spend time high up in the canopy

Question 18

how is the harpy eagle adapted to rain forests

Answer 18

short pointed wings so they can manoeuvre through trees

Question 19

how are tree frogs adapted to rainforest

Answer 19

suction cups to help climb

Question 20

how are flying squirrels adapted

Answer 20

flaps of skin that help them guide from tree to tree

Question 21

how are sloths adapted

Answer 21

nocturnal so move in trees when its colder

Question 22

how are leaf tailed geckos adapted

Answer 22

they are camouflaged to protect them selves from predators

Question 23

how much is space does the amazon rainforest cover

Answer 23

8 million km

Question 24

how many hectares were lost between 2001-2012

Answer 24

18 million

Question 25

what are the reasons that the rainforest is being cut down

Answer 25

commercial farming commercial logging subsistence farming mineral extraction energy development population growth road building

Question 26

what is commercial farming in terms of deforestation

Answer 26

forest cleared to make space for cattle or plantations soy,rice corn and sugar cane is grown

Question 27

what is the main cause of deforestation in the amazon

Answer 27

cattle ranching 200 million on 450000km of pasture

Question 28

what is subsustence farming in terms of deforestation in the rainforest

Answer 28

forest cleared by small scale farmers who need land for themselves and fmailys - growing food many indigenous people are subsistence farmers

Question 29

what is mineral extraction in terms of amazon deforestation

Answer 29

gold,iron ore and copper mined and exported to boost development explosives sometimes used

Question 30

what is population growth in terms of amazon deforestation

Answer 30

population growth and migration puts pressure on the rain forest Brazilian gov offers land to poorer people

Question 31

what is energy development in terms of amazon deforestation

Answer 31

building hydro dams floods large areas of forest- balbina Dam

Question 32

how much of the amazon rain forest is predicted to be cut down by 250 if deforestation doesn't stop

Answer 32

40%

Question 33

what is road building in terms of the amazon rainforest

Answer 33

4000km trans national highway connects Brazilian coast to peru,Colombia and Ecuador

Question 34

what are the environmental impacts of deforestation

Answer 34

climate change soil erosion

Question 35

how does deforestation in the amazon affect climate change

Answer 35

trees remove co2 amazon stores 140 billion tones of carbon deforestation releases the carbon

Question 36

how does deforestation increase soil erosion and why is it bad

Answer 36

less trees intercept rainfall + fewer roots absorb more water reaches soil reduced soil fertility as nutrients are washed away - brazil 100 tones of top soil each year - subsistence and commercial farms have to move - more deforestation

Question 37

what are economic benefits of deforestation in the amazon

Answer 37

2018 -brazil exported $600 million of beef mining creates jobs for people logging contributes a huge amount to brazils ecnomy

Question 38

what are the economic disadvantages in the amazon

Answer 38

logging - destroys resources countries depend on reduces attractiveness to tourists local Brazilian rubber tappers have lost their livelihoods

Question 39

what is one effort that has been made to reduced deforestation rates

Answer 39

1996 costra rica may unauthorised deforestation illegal and started paying farmers to conserve rainforests

Question 40

what is one effort that has been made that ahs increased deforestation rates

Answer 40

Brazil - 2021 cut environmental budget by 24% and weakened environmental law enforcement

Question 41

how are rain forests valuable

Answer 41

- many products, e.g rubber chocolate - reduce green house affect - helps regulate climate

Question 42

what are the methods of sustainable management

Answer 42

selective logging replanting ecotourism international agreements education conservation

Question 43

what is selective logging and what are its benefits

Answer 43

only some trees are felled ( old ones) and most trees remain - less damaging to the forest, overall structure of forest is kept - the soil isn't exposed so it can regenerate

Question 44

what is re planting

Answer 44

new trees are placed to cut down old ones important that the same types of trees are replanted

Question 45

what is ecotourism

Answer 45

small number of vistators - rule simposed to reduce enviromental impacts (e.g waste and litter disposed to prevent contamination) provides income for locals - guides raises awareness if people are employed in tourism they dont have to log for money

Question 46

what is an example of successful ecotourism

Answer 46

costa rica its the largest source of income 21% of the country has been protected

Question 47

how is education sustainable management

Answer 47

- teaching about impacts might make people buy things from sustainable sources - educating local people and reduce effects - teaching about alternative ways to make money

Question 48

what does international agreements do

Answer 48

prevent illegal logging

Question 49

what is conservation

Answer 49

parks set up in rain forests where logging is restricted but a lack of funds can make it difficult to police restrictions - countries have set up funds which business and govs can invest