True/False Flashcards
(194 cards)
1
Q
The Church exerted little to no control or influence over Merovingian society in France.
A
F
2
Q
Northern styles of art (Celtic and Germanic) exerted little to no influence on Christian art of the 8th and 9th centuries.
A
F
3
Q
The monasteries did not play an important role in the transmission of knowledge.
A
F
4
Q
St. Benedict provided a specific structure for how monastic life was to be lived.
A
T
5
Q
Monastic life was the primary means by which classical learning and knowledge remained in Western Europe
A
T
6
Q
The Carolingian Renaissance refers to the revival of classical learning during the time of Charlemagne (Charles the Great).
A
T
7
Q
The 9th and 10th centuries were a time of peace and stability in Western Europe, a time similar to the Pax Romana.
A
F
8
Q
Charles Martel defeated the Muslims at the Battle of Tours.
A
T
9
Q
On Christmas Day in Rome in the year 800 Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne Emperor of the Romans
A
T
10
Q
Charlemagne’s empire and rule tended to favor Latin traditions and neglected or ignored Germanic peoples.
A
F
11
Q
Because of the increased invasions of the Vikings after 12th century there was little expansion of trade throughout Europe
A
F
12
Q
During the 1100s the percentage of persons who were required to produce food increased in comparison to the 900s.
A
F
13
Q
Because of the insistence on the three-field system, the food loss caused a decrease in population.
A
F
14
Q
Because of the diminishment of food sources from 1000 to 1200 Western Europe did not see much growth of urban populations
A
F
15
Q
Due to the change in trade patterns, the 13th century saw a diminishment in the power of the Italian city-states
A
F
16
Q
The Magna Carta gave greater rights and control to the English monarch over his nobles
A
F
17
Q
According to English law, the king could collect taxes without calling parliament
A
F
18
Q
Hugh Capet was chosen to be king of France because of his strong military power and large land holdings
A
F
19
Q
One great contribution of the Middle Ages to the modern world was the representative institution such as assemblies or parliaments.
A
T
20
Q
Trial by jury was one of the procedures in English law after 1100.
A
F
21
Q
Europe in the High Middle Ages showed little vitality. The period immediately after 1000 was marked by decreased population, limited population growth and minimal cultural development
A
F
22
Q
Students behaved about as badly as they did in the Middle Ages as they do today
A
T
23
Q
The philosophy of the classical world, such as Aristotle, had little influence in the medieval schools
A
F
24
Q
Islamic civilization acted as a bridge that helped transfer the knowledge of the classical world to that of high middle ages
A
T
25
According to medieval cosmology the earth revolved around the sun
F
26
Medieval cosmology was hierarchical, with heaven at the top and hell at the bottom
T
27
Aristotle held that the basic composition of everything on earth was made of earth, air, fire, and water but material in the cosmos above the earth was made of a completely different substance
T
28
The Summa Theologicae was written by Thomas Aquinas
T
29
Scholasticism was the name given to the type of philosophy done in the middle ages
T
30
Thomas Aquinas argued that human reason and natural knowledge could support the truths of revealed religion
T
31
After the 1050 Western Europe saw a general diminishment in the authority of the church and the papacy
F
32
During the middle ages, around the 1200, few Christians believed in the power of relics
F
33
The Roman Emperor was the greatest supporter of papal authority
F
34
The expansion of monasticism was the main force behind the unprecedented artistic and cultural activity of the eleventh and twelfth century
T
35
During the early middle ages, science had progressed in the Latin West beyond what it had achieved in Islamic areas or in Byzantium.
F
36
Albert the Great agreed with Plato in that true knowledge did not concern itself with the material world in such disciplines as botany, chemistry or geology
F
37
The presence of Arabic texts had a great influence on the development of science in the high middle ages (after 1100)
T
38
Dante was the author of the Divine Comedy
T
39
The High Middle Ages witnessed the writing down of stories which became national legends such as the Nibelungenlied and the Song of Roland
T
40
Gothic architecture created means by which more windows and therefore more light could be introduced into the church
T
41
In the first decade of the 14th century there was a general shortage of food.
T
42
Although the Black Death was severe in some areas, most of Europe escaped with minimal mortality
F
43
The years 1300 to 1350, just before the plague, were marked by great economic growth and prosperity
F
44
The 100 years war was fought between France and England
T
45
In the Papal bull Unam Sanctam Boniface VIII argued that spiritual power was higher than a temporal power, such as the rule of a king, and therefore all rulers were subject to the papacy
T
46
King Philip IV of France was the greater defender of papal authority and power
F
47
The period from 1309 to 1377 and referred to as the Babylonian Captivity refers to the time when the papacy was headquartered in Avignon and not in Rome
T
48
The Great Schism of the late 14th and early 15th century refers to the fact that at one time there were two popes and even three popes
T
49
In the late middle ages, the papacy lost power, as kings, political theorists, and religious dissenters challenged papal claims to supreme leadership
T
50
William of Ockham and Duns Scotus argued that reason alone cannot support the truths of faith
T
51
Very few persons, if any, would have claimed that the late medieval church had become inefficient and corrupt
F
52
Mysticism was understood as the more immediate and spiritual communication with God, a communication that bypassed the intercession of the saints
T
53
By 1500 the Conciliar movement had proved to be a tremendous success at reforming the papacy
F
54
Jan Hus and John Wycliffe were both promoters of papal authority
F
55
A Dominican by the name of Tetzel was selling indulgences so that people could get out of purgatory. This event instigated Luther’s composition of the 95 Theses
T
56
Luther, towards the end of his life, argued that actions such as fasting, pilgrimages and good works, were a clear and helpful means for attaining salvation.
F
57
The Devotio Moderna was a movement inspired by mysticism
T
58
Wycliff and Huss were both advocates of religious reform
T
59
According to Martin Luther, the Roman Catholics had created three walls around themselves, walls of temporal power, the prohibition of none but the pope to interpret scripture, and that the pope has authority over a council
T
60
Katarina von Bora was the wife of Emperor Charles V and a famous painter as well
F
61
Ptolemy argued that the sun revolves around the Earth.
T
62
The physics of Aristotle was in basic agreement with the physics of Newton.
F
63
Tycho Brahe used his observations to defend the theory of the crystalline spheres as the forces that moved the planets.
F
64
Keppler, like Copernicus, argued that the earth moves around the sun in a perfect circle.
F
65
According to Newton, the scientific laws of the universe demonstrate that God did not exist.
F
66
Renaissance thinkers placed a great importance on the philosophic insights of Plato.
T
67
Newton established the laws for universal gravity
T
68
Newton argued that the laws of gravity on earth were not those which affected the planets.
F
69
By the end of the 17th century the Netherlands had failed to develop into a representational type of government.
F
70
The Calvinist minority in the Netherlands supported the policies of Phillip II of Spain.
F
71
The Union of Utrecht (1597) established independence among the seven northern provinces of the Netherlands to protect themselves from spanish aggression.
T
72
The wealth of the Dutch Republic was gained by land and farming, not by trade and commerce.
F
73
In the medieval and early modern periods, the Holy Roman Emperors depended upon the powerful noble lords since the position of Emperor was elected and not inherited.
T
74
The Thirty Years War was fought entirely along religious lines, that is, one side was Catholic and the other entirely protestant.
F
75
The treaty of Westphalia established a settlement after the 30 Years War
T
76
The Hapsburg were the ruling family in Austria
T
77
Muslims created the greatest threat to Austria's eastern border.
T
78
The area of Prussia never developed into a strong absolutist government.
F
79
According to the diary of Christopher Columbus, religion played an important part in his motives for exploration.
T
80
Christopher Columbus argued that you reach the Indies by sailing west. He had absolutely no knowledge of the great land masses of North and South America.
T
81
Barolomé de Las Casas worked for the betterment of the native peoples in South America and argued for their rights as persons.
T
82
The population of Western Europe increased dramatically between 1450 and 1600.
T
83
The largest percentage of African slaves were taken to South America.
T
84
Primogeniture describes the tradition of giving the entire estate to the first born male of the family.
T
85
The price revolution of the 16th century refers to the unprecedented inflation.
T
86
Copyhold identified the method of farming which dated from the middle ages in which the tenants had certain hereditary rights.
T
87
Copyhold identified the method of farming which dated from the middle ages in which the tenants had certain hereditary rights.
T
88
Convertible husbandry used a decrease in the production of crops.
F
89
Zwingli and Luther agreed with each other concerning the nature of transubstantiation.
F
90
According to the Peace of Augsburg religious affiliation was determined by a person's free choice.
F
91
Calvin's fundamental work, The Institutes of Religion, argued against the doctrine of double predestination and supplied the Catholic response against the theory of double predestination.
F
92
The author of the Institutes of Christian Religion was Ulrich Zwingli
F
93
The St. Bartholomew's day massacre occurred in Germany when forces of Charles V killed the supporters of Martin Luther.
F
94
Huguenots were French Calvinists
T
95
The magisterial reformation referred to those reform movements that were supported by the political authorities.
T
96
The largest group of Radical reformers was the Anabaptists.
T
97
Ignatius of Loyola was the founder of the Jesuits.
T
98
The Council of Trent was a means of promoting reform within the Catholic Church.
T
99
Very few persons, if any, would have claimed that the late medieval church had become inefficient and corrupt.
F
100
Mysticism was understood as the more immediate and spiritual communication with God, a communication that bypassed the intercession of the saints.
T
101
By 1500 the Conciliar movement had proved to be a tremendous success at reforming the papacy.
F
102
Jan Hus and John Wycliffe were both promoters of papal authority.
F
103
A Dominican by the name of Tetzel was selling indulgences so that people could get out of purgatory. This event instigated Luther's composition of the 95 theses.
T
104
Luther, towards the end of his life, argued that actions such as fasting, pilgrimages, and good works, were a clear and helpful means for attaining salvation.
F
105
According to excerpt from the movie Luther, Martin Luther never approved of indulgences and had always disagreed with the idea of veneration of the saints.
F
106
Wycliff and Huss were both advocates of religious reform.
T
107
The idea of the "***** of Babylon" was an expression for the corruption in the Church, particularly the papacy.
T
108
Katarina von Bora was the wife of Emperor Charles V and a famous painter as well.
F
109
Geographic areas such as France, Germany, and England rejected many of the ideas of the Renaissance because of these areas' dislike of things Italian.
F
110
The Northern humanists, as compared to the Italian Humanists, demonstrated a greater interest in religion and theological issues.
T
111
Everywhere, two factors operated to accelerate the spread of the Renaissance after 1450: growing prosperity and the printing press.
T
112
Literacy rates were very high in Europe in the later 15th century.
F
113
The vernacular refers to the local language, French for example instead of Latin, the language of the schools.
T
114
Both Catholics and Protestants censured books in the Renaissance.
T
115
Erasmus made humanism an international movement.
T
116
Erasmus was a tremendous supporter of scholastic methodology.
F
117
The catholic church in Spain maintained a strong control on learning and university life.
T
118
Thomas Moore's Utopia dealt with the importance of trade and money management. In the Utopia he proposed the ideal methods for economic trade.
F
119
The "rebirth" of ideas for which the renaissance identified itself refers to the renewed emphasis on the ideas held in the middle ages, particularly the teachings of Thomas Aquinas.
F
120
The Historian Jacob Burkhardt argued that it was the Renaissance was the departure point for the modern world and that there was a strong break between the Middle Ages and modernity.
T
121
During the Renaissance Italy developed into a strong centralized state.
F
122
The economy of the Italian city-states was based on trade.
T
123
Venice never had a republican (representative) form of government.
F
124
A greater emphasis on the individual was a hallmark of Renaissance society.
T
125
Humanism placed tremendous importance on the study of classical Greek and Latin literature.
T
126
Petrarch and Pico della Mirandola were both humanists
T
127
Humanism was frequently against the ideas of Christianity
F
128
The pope exercised little authority anywhere in the Italian Peninsula.
F
129
In the first decade of the 14th century there was a general shortage of food.
T
130
Although the Black death was severe in some areas, most of Europe escaped with little morality.
F
131
the years 1300 to 1350, just before the plague, were marked by Great economic growth and prosperity.
F
132
The 100 years war was fought between France and England.
T
133
In the Papal bull Unam Sanctum Boniface VIII argued that spiritual power was higher than temporal power, such as the rule of the king, and therefore all rulers were subject to the papacy.
T
134
King Philip Iv of France was the greater defender of papal authority and power
F
135
The period of 1309-1377 and referred to as the Papal Schism refers to the time when the papacy was headquartered in Avignon not Rome
T
136
The Great Schism of the late 14th and early 15th century refers to the fact that at one time there were two popes and even three popes.
T
137
In the late middle ages, the papacy lost power, as kings, political theorists, and religious dissenters challenged papal claims to supreme leadership.
T
138
William of Ockham and Duns Scotus argued that reason alone cannot support the truths of man.
T
139
Europe in the High Middle Ages showed very little vitality. The period immediately after 1000 was marked by decreased population, limited population growth and minimal cultural development.
F
140
Students behaved about as badly as they did in the middle ages as they do today.
T
141
the philosophy of the classical world, such as Aristotle, had little influence in the medieval schools.
F
142
Islamic civilization acted as a bridge that helped transfer the knowledge of the classical world to that of high middle ages.
T
143
According to medieval cosmology the earth revolved around the sun.
F
144
Medieval cosmology was hierarchical, with heaven at the top and hell at the bottom.
T
145
Aristotle held that the basic composition of everything on earth was made of air, earth, fire, and water but material in the cosmos above the earth was made completely of a different substance.
T
146
The Summa Theologicae was written by Thomas Aquinas.
T
147
Scholasticism was the name given to the type of philosophy done in the middle ages.
T
148
Thomas Aquinas argued that human reason and natural knowledge could support the truths of revealed religion.
T
149
John of Damascus considered Icons to be idolatry and argued for their removal from the churches
F
150
during the early middle ages (500-1050), the Byzantine civilization was economically culturally far more advanced than the Latin West.
T
151
There was little conflict between the church leadership in Rome and the church leadership in Constantinople after the year 500
F
152
the security of Constantinople was very important since it prohibited muslims from moving into the black sea and up into Europe on the Danube River
T
153
Emperor Justinian was known as a great codifier of law.
T
154
the Iconoclast controversy dealt with whether images of human persons were acceptable in Christian worship
T
155
the prophet Mohammad is considered the person who first articulated and codified the Islamic faith.
T
156
muslims consider jesus to be both human and divine
F
157
Within three hundred years after the death of Mohammed there was never any disagreement concerning the interpretation of the Koran of the practice of Islam among its members.
F
158
At no time did Muslims ever control a portion of Western Europe
F
159
In the early middle ages the greatest force in creating stability and learning in Europe was the church
T
160
northern styles of art (celtic and germanic) exerted little to no influence on christian art of the 8th and 9th centuries
F
161
Charlemagne's empire rule tended to favor Latin traditions and neglected or ignored Germanic peoples.
F
162
Stressing the importance of intellect and self-reliance, Greco-Roman thought did not provide for the emotional and spiritual needs of the general populace
T
163
Nero and Diocletian were responsible for organizing persecutions against the Christians
T
164
Because of the church councils, Christianity never incorporated Greek philosophy as a means of explaining the truths of the Christian faith.
F
165
Arius denied that Jesus was both human and divine
T
166
Basil established the rules for monastic life for the eastern part of the roman empire.
T
167
The synoptic gospels are those written by Matthew, Mark, and Luke.
T
168
The City of God was written by Benedict
F
169
St. Augustine argued that all the truths of faith could be known by reason alone.
F
170
In the classical world view, history had no ultimate end, no ultimate meaning. In this regard it differed substantially from the outlook of Christianity
T
171
The date of December 25 as the exact birth date of Jesus comes from the Gospels.
F
172
The scientific Revolution brought a new, mechanical conception of nature that enabled westerners to discover and explain the laws of nature mathematically.
T
173
St. Augustine argued that all the truths of faith could be known by reason alone.
F
174
St. Augustine argued that all the truths of faith could be known by reason alone.
F
175
the philosophy of the classical world, such as Aristotle, had little influence in the medieval schools.
F
176
Absolutism identifies a type of government characterized by a strong centralized power.
T
177
Absolutist monarchs were always subservient to religion and religious leaders
F
178
In the 16th and 17th centuries absolutist monarchs usually controlled religion and religious leaders.
T
179
The unification of Spain occurred with the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella.
T
180
In 1492 Spain issued an edict of toleration for the Jews within its boundaries
F
181
The inquisition was created as means to find persons who were secretly practicing other religions than Catholicism
T
182
Columbus primary purpose of his expedition was to demonstrate that the world was round, not flat.
F
183
Under Henry IV the French Monarchy regained greater stability and control from the previous decades.
T
184
The chief minister to Louis XIII, Cardinal Richelieu, became the architect of French absolutism.
T
185
The term raison d'etat means that decisions are made in light of what is best for the state and not necessarily individuals within the state.
T
186
After the 1050 Western Europe saw a general diminishment in the authority of the church and the papacy.
F
187
Excommunication refers to the ability of the church to remove someone from the community of the church.
T
188
The Roman Emperor was the greatest supporter of papal authority
F
189
It was not until the renaissance that strong prejudice and violence occurred against Jewish people in Western Europe.
F
190
During the early middle ages, science had progressed in the Latin West beyond what it had achieved in Islamic areas or in Byzantium
F
191
Albert the Great agreed with Plato in that true knowledge did not concern itself with the material world in such disciplines as botany, chemistry, or geology.
F
192
The presence of Arabic texts had a great influence on the development of science in the high middle ages (after 1100)
T
193
Dante was the author of the Divine Comedy
T
194
The high middle ages witnessed the writing down of stories which became national legends such as the Nibelungenlied and the Song of Roland
T
