Truman Foreign Policy

Question 1

What was the Truman Doctrine?

Answer 1

Trumans commitment to help any nation under threat from an ‘armed minority’

Question 2

Which country do Truman help nationalists win a civil war against communists?

Answer 2

Greece

Question 3

What was Trumans main FP aim?

Answer 3

containment of communism

Question 4

What was the Marshall plan? And what was its actually name?

Answer 4

Economic aid scheme that invested billions into western European countries to prevent communist revolutions and help reconstruction past war - the European Recovery Programme

Question 5

When did the martial plan start and how long did it last?

Answer 5

April 1948 - 4 years

Question 6

How much was spent on Marshall aid?

Answer 6

17 billion dollars

Question 7

By how much did European production grow as a result of martial aid money?

Answer 7

35% over the four years

Question 8

What catalysed the Marshall plan?

Answer 8

The communist revolution in February 1948

Question 9

Where did the name ‘the Marshall plan’ come form?

Answer 9

Secretary of state George Marshall

Question 10

What caused the Berlin Bloackade?

Answer 10

West Berlin was eroding soviet control over east Germany and the Soviets were angry at allied efforts to unify their occupation zones

Question 11

Why did Stalin think he could get away with the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 11

There was nothing in any post war treaty prohibiting it - he knew Truman wouldn’t risk war

Question 12

How did Stalin justify the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 12

Technical errors

Question 13

When did the Berlin Blockade start?

Answer 13

24th June 1948

Question 14

How many days was the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 14

324

Question 15

How many tons of supplies were airlifted in Berlin during the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 15

1.5 million

Question 16

How many flights went into West Berlin during the Berlin Blockade?

Answer 16

275,000

Question 17

When was the Berlin Blockade lifted?

Answer 17

12th May 1949

Question 18

How much did Truman fund French colonial efforts in Indochina?

Answer 18

78%

Question 19

Who was resisting French colonial rule in Indochina?

Answer 19

Ho Chi Minh, the Indochinese communist party, and the Viet Kong

Question 20

When did China ‘fall’ to communism?

Answer 20

1949

Question 21

Who was the Nationalist Chinese leader backed by the USA?

Answer 21

Chiang Kai Shek

Question 22

How much aid was given to Chinese nationalists?

Answer 22

2 billion dollars

Question 23

When did the Korean war start?

Answer 23

June 1950

Question 24

Why did North Korea invade the south?

Answer 24

American forces had withdrawn, they wanted to unify Korea, and the south had been persecuting communists

Question 25

Why was it so important for Truman to intervene in the Korean war?

Answer 25

he had 'lost' China and wanted to ensure communism gained now more ground in asia

Question 26

Where was the Korean border?

Answer 26

38th parallel

Question 27

How did Truman pass congress for intervention in the Korean war? When?

Answer 27

Used the UN instead - 'police action' - July

Question 28

What event lead to North Korean forces being forced back? Who and when?

Answer 28

Successful amphibious invasion of Inchon by General MacArthur - September 1950

Question 29

When and why did China intervene in the Korean war?

Answer 29

October 1950 - they didn't want North Korea to be defeated as it would give them a border with a US ally

Question 30

When was there a stalemate in the Korean war?

Answer 30

April 1951

Question 31

When did China propose an armistice in the Korean war and why did Truman reject it?

Answer 31

June 1951, and because Truman didn't want to return Chinese POWs

Question 32

How much did the Korean war cost by 1952?

Answer 32

14% of US GDP

Question 33

How many Americans were killed or Injured during the Korean war?

Answer 33

36,914 killed, 138,000 killed/injured