TTM Flashcards
(20 cards)
Who were the 2 people involved with this model?
Prochaska and Diclemente
Prochaska and Diclemente stated that a single approach would work, what did they suggest instead?
That behaviour change Is Complex but it unfolds in a Stable Sequence of Stages.
What influence did Freud have on the model?
Defence Mechanisms
What influence did Carl Rogers have on the model?
Self efficacy and self esteem
What influence did Skinner have on the model?
Conditioning, Counter Conditioning, Social Learning Theory
What is decisional balance?
It predicts whether change will occur.
What is Self Efficacy?
The person’s confidence that they can make changes and that they can manage temptations.
What are the 6 stages of the TTM?
- Pre contemplation, 2. Contemplation, 3. Planning/Preparation, 4. Action or termination, 5. Maintenance, 6. Relapse.
Describe Pre-contemplation…
The person has no intention of changing the behaviour.
Describe Contemplation…
The person expresses an intention to take action within usually six months.
Describe Preparation…
The person intends to take action in the immediate future (commonly defined as 30 days). They typically have a plan of action.
Describe the action stage…
The person has made specified changes to their life style in the past six months.
Describe maintenance…
The person works hard to prevent relapse. Confidence increases that they can maintain a new lifestyle.
Describe termination…
The unhealthy behaviour has stopped. They are no longer tempted.
What did Prochaska et al (1994) say about decisional balance?
“the balance between perceived pros and cons should vary across the stages of change: people in precontemplation will judge the pros to outweigh the cons or the behaviour, while the reverse will hold for those in maintenance”
What is Godin et al 2004 ‘s criticism of the TTM?
Past behaviour has been subsequently found to be a powerful predictor of future behaviour change efforts.
What is Budd and Rollnick (1996) ‘s criticism of the TTM?
They suggested that a sample may not fit easily into the five discrete stages – the stages may be continuous rather than discrete.
What did Marks et al (2000) suggest about the TTM?
That the model does not address the social aspects of much health behaviour.
What did West say about the TTM?
Classifying individuals in stages assumes that individuals typically make coherent and stable plans – some people just stop!
What are the 10 processes of change in relation to smoking?
- Consciousness Raising [Increasing awareness]
I recall information people had given me on how to stop smoking - Dramatic Relief [Emotional arousal]
I react emotionally to warnings about smoking cigarettes - Environmental Reevaluation [Social reappraisal]
I consider the view that smoking can be harmful to the environment - Social Liberation [Environmental opportunities]
I find society changing in ways that make it easier for the nonsmoker - Self Reevaluation [Self reappraisal]
My dependency on cigarettes makes me feel disappointed in myself
II. Processes of Change: Behavioral - Stimulus Control [Re-engineering]
I remove things from my home that remind me of smoking - Helping Relationship [Supporting]
I have someone who listens when I need to talk about my smoking - Counter Conditioning [Substituting]
I find that doing other things with my hands is a good substitute for smoking - Reinforcement Management [Rewarding]
I reward myself when I don’t smoke - Self Liberation [Committing]
I make commitments not to smoke
