Tuberkulose - Amboss

Question 1

Hvilke typer tuberkulose er primær, og hvilken er sekundær?

Answer 1

Primær

Latent tuberkulose infeksjon

Aktiv, primær tuberkulose

Sekundær

Reaktivert tuberkulose

Question 2

Ved latent tuberkulose, hva er hhv.:
- Definisjonen
- Egenskaper
- Diagnostikk
- Behandling

Answer 2

More common in immunocompromised individuals and usually within the first five years of primary infection. These tests cannot differentiate between active and latent TB infection and cannot accurately predict the progression to active disease.

Question 3

Ved aktiv primær tuberkulose og sekundær tuberkulose, hva er hhv.:
- Definisjonen
- Egenskaper
- Diagnostikk
- Behandling

Answer 3

Question 4

Hva kjennetegner aktiv tuberkulose?

Answer 4

Pulmonary TB accounts for ∼ 70% of all cases. Extrapulmonary TB can occur via hematogenous dissemination, lymphatic dissemination, or direct spread. It accounts for 15–20% of cases, while concurrent pulmonary and extrapulmonary disease occur in ∼ 10% of cases.

Question 5

Hvordan diagnostiserer man og behandler aktiv tuberkulose?

Answer 5

The treatment duration may be extended in some subtypes or if there is drug resistance.

Question 6

Hva er definisjonen på medikamentel resistent turberkulose (TB)?

Answer 6

Definition:

A form of TB that is resistant to one or more antitubercular agents.

Question 7

Hvilke typer medikamentelle resistente TB eksisterer?

Answer 7

This can take the form of monoresistant TB, multidrug-resistant TB, or extensively drug-resistant TB. These include rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.

Question 8

Hva er årsakene til resistente TB-typer?

Answer 8