Tumor And Tumor Like Processes

Question 1

What are the most common malignant tumors of the skeleton?

Answer 1

Metastatic bone tumors

Question 2

Approximately __________ of all malignant tumors are metastatic origin

Answer 2

70%

Question 3

Approximately only ________ being primary in nature.

Answer 3

30%

Question 4

Most malignant tumors of bones are metastasis from a __________ extra skeletal focus, the majority are epithelial in origin

Answer 4

Primary

Question 5

What are the most common primary sites of malignant tumors of bones?

Answer 5

Breast ,lung,prostate,kidney,thyroid and bowel

Question 6

What is the usual route of tumor embolism?

Answer 6

Vascular system

Question 7

Those bones that are rich in red bone marrow are predisposed to develop osseous metases; the target sites are the ?

Answer 7

Axial skeleton,skull and proximal extremities

Question 8

What represents the 3rd most common site of metastatic carcinoma?

Answer 8

Bone

Question 9

What cancer represents for 80% of all metastsic cancer to bone?

Answer 9

Breast,prostate,lung and kidney

Question 10

In females what carcinoma is responsible for approximately 70% of all bony metastasis?

Answer 10

Breast

Question 11

In males, what carcinoma is responsible for about 60% of all skeletal metastates?

Answer 11

Prostate

Question 12

What is the most common malignant tumors of bones?

Answer 12

Multiple myeloma

Question 13

What is the second most common malignant bone lesion?

Answer 13

Osteosarcoma

Question 14

What is the third most common malignant bone lesion?

Answer 14

Chondrosarcoma

Question 15

What is the fourth most common malignant bone tumor?

Answer 15

Ewing’s sarcoma

Question 16

Metastatic osseous lesions occurring in children < 5 years of age are caused by?

Answer 16

Neuroblastoma

Question 17

Metastatic osseous lesions occurring between 10 and 20 years of age are caused by?

Answer 17

Ewing’s sarcoma and osteosarcoma .

Question 18

Between 20-35 years of age, what is the most common source for skeletal metastases?

Answer 18

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Question 19

What are the pathways cancers metastatize?

Answer 19

Direct extension
Lymphatic channels
Hematogenous dissemination

Question 20

What is the most common way cancer spread ?

Answer 20

Hematogenous dissemination

Question 21

Carcincoma of the uterus is well known to cause direct extension to the ?

Answer 21

Iliac bones

Question 22

What benign conditions can render a positive bone scan?

Answer 22

Pages disease, fibrous dysplasia, fracture, osteomyelitis,osteoid osteoma ,osteoblastoma,arthrides ,and ischemic necroses

Question 23

Which is the most common roentgen signs of bone metastasis?

Answer 23

Osteolytic

Question 24

A moth eastern or premative pattern of bone destruction is classic and occurs most frequently with?

Answer 24

Breast and lung carcinoma

Question 25

How can you tell the difference between primary vs secondary tumors?

Answer 25

Periosteal response Appearance of soft tissue mass Long lesions >6cm , metastatic tumors range between 2 and 4 cm in length

Question 26

What is the most common osseous site for metastatic to occur?

Answer 26

The spine

Question 27

What is one eye pedicle sign/ winking owl sign? Where is it most commonly found?

Answer 27

Destruction of the posterior vertebral body with contiguous involvement of the pedicle attachment results in loss of the cortical outline of the pedicle

Question 28

What view does one-eyed pedicle sign or as the winking owl sign best visualized on radiographs?

Answer 28

AP radiograph

Question 29

What is the most common cause for missing pedicle ?

Answer 29

Osteolytic metastatic carcinoma

Question 30

Destruction of a pedicle in a patient < 30 years of age is most commonly the result of?

Answer 30

Aneurysmal bone cyst

Question 31

What is ivroy vertebrae?

Answer 31

When a singular vertebral body is involved exhibiting a disuse homogeneous radiopacity

Question 32

What are the most common causes for an ivory vertebrae?

Answer 32

Osteoblastic metastatic carcinoma Paget’s disease ( osteitis deformans) Hodgkin Disease

Question 33

Signs of Paget’s Disease on a radiograph?

Answer 33

Squaring off of the anterior surface of the vertebral body, cortical thickening and bone expansion

Question 34

Signs of Hodgkin’s lymphoma on a radiography?

Answer 34

Anterior vertebral concavity

Question 35

Age range of Hodgkin’s patients? Age of Paget’s disease and osteoblastic metastatic carcinoma?

Answer 35

20-40 >50 year age group

Question 36

What is the most common causes for calvarial lytic metastatic?

Answer 36

Thyroid and breast carincoma

Question 37

What is the most common causes for calvarial blastic lesions tumors?

Answer 37

Prostate and carcinoid tumors

Question 38

How can you tell the difference between myeloma and metastasis hole?

Answer 38

Myeloma lesion usually similar in size metastatic disease demonstrates large and small lesions