Tune Up #1 pt. 2 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the two names for the vine training system famously used on the island of Santorini?
A
kouloura|stefani
2
Q
What are the key soil types associated with the island of Santorini?
A
Pumice|Basalt|White volcanic ash (Aspa)|Sand||-Pumice is an excellent soil conditioner, as it is highly porous, giving it excellent water and air holding properties.
3
Q
Is irrigation legal in Santorini?
A
Yes, but only for young vines||-but almost never used because it is prohibitively expensive
4
Q
What designation are the red wines of Santorini released under?
A
Cyclades PGI
5
Q
What is the maximum fermentation temperature for the Santorini PDO?
A
20° C (68° F)
6
Q
What is the minimum total acidity for the Santorini PDO?
A
5.5 g/l||-at Gai’a, Paraskevopoulos prefers 6.5 to 7 g/l of tartaric acid at harvest, with a maximum pH of 2.90 or less
7
Q
What is the maximum yield for the Santorini PDO in hl/ha and what is the yield that is more typical?
A
Required: 60 hl/ha||Most common: 25 hl/ha
8
Q
What is Santorini’s capital?
A
Fira|-its name pronounced essentially like “Thira”||-Oia, however, is its most picturesque
9
Q
Approximately how many inches of rain does Santorini receive each year?
A
12-14” (~350 mm) of annual rainfall||-most rainfall arrives in the wintertime||-growing season daytime temperatures that regularly reach 35° C (95° F)
10
Q
The Meltemi wind that impacts Santorini comes from which direction?
A
North
11
Q
What occurrence negatively impacted the 2012 vintage for many producers of Santorini?
A
The Meltemi winds never came ||-the heat was intense, and few growers had enough manpower to harvest quickly enough, before sugars spiked.||-Without the wind, Assyrtiko easily reaches 14 or 14.5% in potential alcohol
12
Q
Where is the greatest concentration of vines in Santorini?
A
southern sector|-in an arc between the villages of Pyrgos, Megalochori, and Akrotiri. ||-About 3/4 of the island’s vines are cultivated around these three villages.
13
Q
About 3/4 of Santorini’s vines are cultivated around which 3 villages in the southern sector of the island?
A
Pyrgos|Megalochori|Akrotiri
14
Q
What is the kataboladi technique and where is it famously used?
A
layering in Santorini—in which a grower buries a cane from a living vine in the ground to generate a new plant. (It will soon sprout its own root system, at which point the cane is severed from the mother plant.) ||*Layering is still the preferred method of replanting single vines in Santorini, but entire new vineyards are planted with ungrafted cuttings, and aligned in rows.
15
Q
Why is Assyrtiko on Santorini nearly impervious to fungal diseases?
A
-thick-skins|-loose bunches|-battering summer winds|-dry, desert climate
16
Q
When do most producers of Santorini typically harvest grapes for basic dry Assyrtiko?
A
early to mid-August||-grapes hang longer for some traditional styles (vinsanto and nychteri)
17
Q
Why does malolactic fermentarion not occur with Assyrtiko on Santorini?
A
Hardly any remaining malic acid in Assyrtiko at harvest, and the low pH precludes its onset
18
Q
Who currently runs Sigalas Winery?
A
Paris Sigalas||-one of the first on the island to vinify Assyrtiko as a pure varietal wine. ||-He accomplished this by actually paying growers more to harvest Athiri and Aidani separately, leaving only Assyrtiko in the field for another pass.
19
Q
Between Athiri and Aidani, which grape inspires greater interest from producers?
A
Aidani||-Santo Wines produces a varietal Athiri, but most producers on the island seemed to tolerate, rather than express passion, about the grape. One flatly stated: “Athiri is not interesting on this island. It has beautiful aromas for six months, and then it dies.”||-Aidani is starting to appear as a dry varietal wine under the banner of PGI Cyclades
20
Q
Why is the Aidani grape prized for Vinsanto production in Santorini?
A
Intense aromas and high levels of sugar.||-the grape is a “Muscat relative.” Its terpene-driven, floral, stone fruit aromas and lush palate are almost Viognier-like—yet it can retain moderate-plus to high acidity
21
Q
Which winemakers in Santorini were the first to champion the Mavrotragano grape?
A
Haridimos Hatzidakis|Paris Sigalas|*|started producing dry varietal Mavrotragano in the late 1990s. ||-Hatzidakis’ Mavrotragano is nearly elegant, whereas Sigalas produces a darker-colored, denser and more sophisticated version—the island’s most ambitious red, the product of a two- to three-week maceration and an 18-month élevage in 85% new, 500-liter oak barrels.
22
Q
How are the styles of Mavrotragano from Hatzidakis and Sigalas different?
A
Hatzidakis - elegant||Sigalas - darker-colored, denser and more sophisticated version—the island’s most ambitious red, the product of a two- to three-week maceration and an 18-month élevage in 85% new, 500-liter oak barrels.
23
Q
Which producer is known to produce the most “ambitious” red wine of Santorini?
A
Sigalas|*|Mavrotragano - darker-colored, denser and sophisticated. The product of a 2 to 3 week maceration and an 18-month élevage in 85% new, 500-liter oak barrels.
24
Q
What is known to be Santorini’s best rosé wine?
A
Domaine Sigalas produces a pure, dry, refreshing Mandilaria rosé||-at nearly 2% less alcohol than most of the estate’s whites
25
How did Santorini get its name?
In the medieval period, the island(s) fell under Venetian control, and was renamed "Santorini" (Saint Irene). ||-Vinsanto was not the "holy wine"—although it was often used for sacramental purposes—it was the "wine of Santorini."
26
What is the typical residual sugar range for Vinsanto from Santorini?
250-300 g/l range of residual sugar||-surprisingly tannic
27
Which grape is known to provide most of the acidity for Vinsanto from Santorini?
Assyrtiko
28
Is most Vinsanto from Santorini vintage-dated?
Yes||-minimum age declarations can also be used on the label for blends of multiple vintages, provided the age statement is a multiple of four
29
Under which appellation is Mezza from Santorini released under?
PGI Cyclades appellation ||-instead of PDO Santorini
30
Which Santorini producer accounts for 65% of the PDOs production?
Santo Wines||-sources fruit from 1,200 growers|-est. 1947
31
What percentage of the Santorini PDO's wine is produced by Santo Wines?
65%||-sources fruit from 1,200 growers
32
What was the first vintage of Hatzidakis?
1999||-bought first vineyard in 1996
33
What was the first vintage of Sigalas?
1992
34
Who makes "Assyrtiko de Mylos" and where does it come from?
Hatzidakis||-from one hectare of 100-year-old vines owned by orthodox monks||-a domineering wine that almost exaggerates Assyrtiko's bite, clocking in at 15% abv with a pH under 3||-Mylos ("windmill")
35
What is often considered the best and most full-bodied Assyrtiko made by Hatzidakis?
Assyrtiko de Mylos||-from one hectare of 100-year-old vines owned by orthodox monks||-a domineering wine that almost exaggerates Assyrtiko's bite, clocking in at 15% abv with a pH under 3||-Mylos ("windmill")
36
What is the most leesy, concentrated Assyrtiko made by Domaine Sigalas?
Kavalieros||-and is sourced from a high-elevation vineyard near Fira
37
Who makes "Kavalieros" and where does it come from?
Domaine Sigalas|-sourced from a high-elevation vineyard near Fira
38
Who is the founder/winemaker for Gai'a?
Yiannis Paraskevopoulos||-founded by Yiannis Paraskevopoulos and Leon Karatsalos in 1994, has two wineries: one on Santorini and one in the village of Koutsi in Nemea||-Bordeaux-trained enologist and former winemaker for Argyros
39
Yiannis Paraskevopoulos is the founder and winemaker for which Greek winery?
Gai'a||-founded by Yiannis Paraskevopoulos and Leon Karatsalos in 1994, has two wineries: one on Santorini and one in the village of Koutsi in Nemea||-Bordeaux-trained enologist and former winemaker for Argyros
40
What is the name of the Assyrtiko made by Gai'a, which is made in oaked and unoaked versions?
Thalassitis||-Thalassitis means "one that comes from under the sea"; in 2009, Paraskevopoulos began experimenting with his own undersea élevage for a small lot of Assyrtiko.
41
Yiannis Paraskevopoulos, the founder and winemaker for Gai'a, is the former winemaker for which Santorini producer?
Argyros
42
What is arguable the most interesting wine made by Gai'a in Santorini and how is it aged?
Wild Ferment Assyrtiko||-aged in a combination of American and French oak, and acacia barrels.
43
Which winery is the oldest producer on Santorini and when was it founded?
Canava Roussos|-1836||*no one knows who Roussos is|*the focus here is on older styles: nychteri, vinsanto, sweet reds, and "Caldera," a red Mandilaria-Assyrtiko (80%/20%) blend
44
What styles of wine are the focus at Canava Roussos in Santorini?
older styles: nychteri, vinsanto, sweet reds, and "Caldera," a red Mandilaria-Assyrtiko (80%/20%) blend||*oldest producer on Santorini
45
Which Santorini producer gets—and deserves—a lot of credit for investing in Santorini and bringing the wines into the modern age and what were some ways in which this was achieved?
Boutari||-When Boutari arrived on Santorini in 1989, harvests were occurring in September. Assyrtiko wines were typically over 15% in alcohol, and often a bit sweet. Boutari revolutionized Santorini winemaking by pushing the harvest forward into early August—much to the chagrin of growers, paid by the kilogram—and reducing alcohol levels to 12-12.5%
46
Where did the name for "nychteri" in Santorini come from?
From the Greek nychta, or "night" |*|typically harvested in the early morning, but crushed and pressed at night. According to Boutari's Santorini enologist Ioanna Vamakouri, pressing after dark was pragmatic: the nychteri harvest occurred toward the end of the harvest season, when ripening reached a breakneck pace, and workers had to toil into the night in order to keep up. Hatzidakis and Roussos countered that nychteri fruit was pressed at night in order to limit oxidation of the juice.
47
What are the two islands of Paros PDO?
Paros|Antiparos
48
The Rhodes PDO is located in which islands group?
Dodecanese |-largest island
49
Lyrarakisis is a producer based in which Greek PDO?
Peza PDO||-in the village of Alagni, Heraklion, the vineyard area and winery comprise of 14 hectares with gravel over limestone soils. The warm climate is tempered by the altitude which averages 550m.
50
What Greek term is often used to refer to "sun-dried grape" wines?
Liastos
51
Which producer is the largest producer based in Crete and in which PDO are they located?
Alexakis|-Peza PDO
52
Alexakis is a producer based in which Greek PDO?
Peza PDO|-largest producer based in Crete||*managed by oenologist-chemical engineer Stelios Alexakis (founder), Sofia, his wife, and their two sons, Lazaros and Apostolos
53
Rhous is a producer based in which Greek PDO?
Peza PDO||-Maria Tamiolaki & Dimitris Mansolas|-husband and wife team from Crete but both studied and worked in Bordeaux
54
What chemical lead to a scandal that would decimate the country's wine industry in 1985?
Diethylene glycol|-a colorless, odorless, poisonous chemical—gave a light wine some added texture
55
Describe how the "antifreeze" scandal of 1985 surfaced?
The "antifreeze" scandal of 1985 surfaced when one of the guilty parties tried to claim the chemical as a legitimate winery expense on his tax return. Customers cancelled orders worldwide. Bottles tested positive for the chemical in nearly every export market, and the press decried the matter, asserting that Austrians had diluted their wines with antifreeze. The association stuck and damaged the image of Austrian wines for years. Austria responded by drafting some of the strictest wine laws in Europe and quickly refocusing on quality. In a very short time, Austria has earned a renewed reputation as one of the classic winemaking nations of the world.
56
What are the four major winemaking regions, or weinbaugebiete, of Austria?
Niederösterreich|Wien (Vienna)|Burgenland|Styria (Steiermark)
57
What two regions contain about 90% of Austria's vineyards?
Niederösterreich|Burgenland|-With nearly 30% of the total vineyard acreage, the indigenous Grüner Veltliner is the most cultivated white variety
58
What is the most cultivated white variety in Austria?
Grüner Veltliner|-With nearly 30% of the total vineyard acreage, the indigenous Grüner Veltliner is the most cultivated white variety|-followed by Welschriesling, Müller Thurgau, Weißburgunder, Riesling, and Chardonnay
59
What are the 6 most planted white grapes in Austria, in order from most common to least?
Grüner Veltliner|Welschriesling|Müller Thurgau|Weißburgunder|Riesling|Chardonnay
60
A crossing of Blaufränkisch and St. Laurent were used in 1922 to develop which red grape?
Zweigelt
61
Zweigelt is a crossing of what two grapes?
Blaufränkisch|St. Laurent
62
What is the most planted red grape in Austria?
Zweigelt|-followed by Blaufränkisch itself
63
Blauburger is a crossing of what two grapes?
Blaufränkisch|Blauer Portugieser
64
What are the 4 most planted red grapes in Austria, in order from most common to least?
Zweigelt|Blaufränkisch|Blauer Portugieser|Blauburger (Blaufränkisch x Blauer Portugieser)
65
Austrian wine law defines what three levels of quality?
Qualitätswein|Landwein|Wein|-Qualitätswein is the highest caliber of quality and regional specificity in Austria
66
How many grapes are permitted for Qualitätswein in Austria?
35 permitted grapes|-Qualitätswein, the highest caliber of quality and regional specificity in Austria, is sourced from a single Weinbaugebiete or one of the 16 smaller wine regions and may be produced from one or more of 35 permitted grapes.
67
All three levels of quality share a maximum yield of how many kg/ha?
9,000 kg/ha (67.5 hl/ha) |-but minimum must weights increase with each level of quality.
68
Describe the most important requirements of Qualitätswein.
Must be sourced from a single Weinbaugebiete or one of the 16 smaller wine regions and may be produced from one or more of 35 permitted grapes. Must pass a tasting panel and chemical analysis, indicated by a State Control Number (Prüfnummer) and the inclusion of the red and white banderole on the bottle's capsule.
69
Qualitätswein must pass a tasting panel and chemical analysis indicated by what number?
State Control Number (Prüfnummer)
70
Wein—a generic category that replaced what other category in time for the 2009 vintage?
Tafelwein
71
Describe the Wein category.
May carry a vintage date and a varietal on the label, but may not exhibit a more exclusive statement of origin than Österreich.
72
Describe the Landwein category.
Production is restricted to the same 35 varietals permitted for Qualitätswein, but the wines are labeled with one of three broad geographic areas (Weinbauregionen): Weinland, Steierland, or Bergland.||-Weinland covers the areas defined as Niederösterreich, Wien and Burgenland, Steierland corresponds to Steiermark, and Bergland includes around 500 ha of vineyard land scattered throughout the remainder of Austria's mountainous countryside.
73
What are the three broad geographic areas that the Landwein category is restricted to?
Weinland|Steierland|Bergland|-Weinland covers the areas defined as Niederösterreich, Wien and Burgenland, Steierland corresponds to Steiermark, and Bergland includes around 500 ha of vineyard land scattered throughout the remainder of Austria's mountainous countryside.
74
Qualitätswein may be further subdivided into what categories?
Prädikatswein|Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC)
75
What is Ausbruch?
A sweet specialty of Rust in Leithaberg. Most of Austria's lusciously sweet wines are produced around the lake of Neusiedl in Burgenland.
76
How many DACs have been developed in Austria?
15||Eisenberg DAC |Leithaberg DAC |Neusiedlersee DAC|Rosalia DAC|Mittelburgenland DAC||Wachau DAC|Kremstal DAC|Kamptal DAC|Traisental DAC|Carnuntum DAC|Weinviertel DAC||Südsteiermark DAC|Vulkanland Steiermark DAC |Westeiermark DAC||Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC
77
Name the 15 DACs of Austria.
Eisenberg DAC |Leithaberg DAC |Neusiedlersee DAC|Rosalia DAC|Mittelburgenland DAC||Wachau DAC|Kremstal DAC|Kamptal DAC|Traisental DAC|Carnuntum DAC|Weinviertel DAC||Südsteiermark DAC|Vulkanland Steiermark DAC |Westeiermark DAC||Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC
78
What is strohwein?
Austria's Prädikatswein hierarchy includes the additional categories of strohwein, a dried grape wine of at least Beerenauslese ripeness.
79
What does DAC stand for?
Districtus Austriae Controllatus
80
Describe the sub-category of Prädikatswein in Austria.
Austrian Prädikatswein shares many characteristics of its German counterparts, with a similar progression of late harvest designations and a typically sweeter profile. A minimum alcohol content of 5% is required for wines labeled by prädikat. In Austria, Kabinett wines are considered a subset of Qualitätswein rather than a beginning rung on the ladder of Prädikatswein; however, even at the Kabinett level winemakers are prohibited from practicing both chaptalization and the addition of Süssreserve.
81
The Niederösterreich weinbaugebiete is also known as what?
Lower Austria|-the largest winegrowing region in the county and contains twice the planted vineyard area of the next leading Weinbaugebiete, Burgenland
82
The Lower Austria weinbaugebiete is also known as what?
Niederösterreich|-the largest winegrowing region in the county and contains twice the planted vineyard area of the next leading Weinbaugebiete, Burgenland
83
In the Niederösterreich weinbaugebiete the alpine terrain that characterizes western and central Austria yields to what geomorphological subsystem, a former seabed of loess soils stretching from eastern Austria through Hungary and many countries of the former eastern block?
Pannonian Plain|-The resulting continental climate ushers in hot, dry summers and severe winters; the seasonal divide is much more pronounced than in many of the milder winegrowing climates of Western Europe.
84
Most of Niederösterreich's subzones are located along the path of what river and its tributaries?
Danube River|-Weinviertel and Thermenregion provide the exceptions
85
What two regions in the Niederösterreich weinbaugebiete are not located along the Danube river and its tributaries?
Weinviertel|Thermenregion
86
What are the eight wine regions in the Niederösterreich weinbaugebiete?
Weinviertel|Carnuntum|Traisental|Wagram|Kremstal|Kamptal|Wachau|Thermenregion
87
What is Niederösterreich's largest wine region?
Weinviertel|-located in the hills north of the Danube and the Pannonian Plain
88
What is Austria's first DAC?
Weinviertel|-located in the hills north of the Danube and the Pannonian Plain
89
What is the only permitted grape in the Weinviertel DAC?
Grüner Veltliner|- fruity, spicy, peppery; no Botrytis note; no wood tone|-Reserve GV: "subtle botrytis and wood notes are acceptable"|**They are approved by a tasting panel, which must determine that the wines show a distinct peppery note, and no obvious wood or botrytis tones. A Reserve category for Weinviertel debuted with the 2009 vintage; these fuller-bodied wines show a minimum alcohol of 13% and may reveal hints of both botrytis and wood, supported by the richer character of the wine.
90
The wines produced in the Traisental, Kamptal, and Kremstal DACs must be produced from what two grapes?
Grüner Veltliner|Riesling|-may be labeled either Classic or Reserve with a corresponding minimum alcohol content of either 12% or 13%
91
What is the minimum alcohol content for "Classic" labeled wine from the Traisental, Kamptal, and Kremstal DACs?
12%
92
What is the minimum alcohol content for "Reserve" labeled wine from the Traisental, Kamptal, and Kremstal DACs?
13%
93
How do Grüner wines from Danubian regions compare to the wines from the Weinviertel DAC?
Danubian regions show a more delicate spice, rather than the more pungent white pepper of Weinviertel. ||-A tasting panel must determine that the Weinviertel wines show a distinct peppery note.||-In special Weinviertel sites, Grüner Veltliner in the Reserve category demonstrates the same kind of concentration and finesse that characterise the Danubian wines.
94
Langenlois, one of Austria's most important wine towns, is located in what region?
Kamptal
95
Which association of producers in Lower Austria, founded in 1992, is responsible for elevating sites to Erste Lage?
Österreichischen Traditionsweingüter|-Although the classification does not yet have legal status, the organization is closely aligning itself to the DAC concept
96
What is the Niederösterreich's westernmost subregion?
Wachau|-Wachau is a narrow band of steep slopes between Melk and Krems along the banks of the Danube, which moderates the otherwise severe continental climate.
97
The Wachau is a narrow band of steep slopes between what two towns?
Melk|Krems
98
What river runs through the Wachau?
Danube|-The river and cool northern winds chill the summer nights significantly, enabling the wines to retain high natural acidity.
99
Much of the Wachau's best vineyard land encompasses terraced slopes on which bank of the river?
The north bank|-in the style of the Mosel
100
What are the three categories of classification used in the Wachau?
Steinfeder|Federspiel|Smaragd
101
Where does the name "Steinfeder" come from?
A local grass found in the vineyards.
102
What is the minimum must weight and maximum alcohol for the Steinfeder category in the Wachau?
minimum must weight of 15° KMW|maximum alcohol of 11.5%
103
Where does the name "Federspiel" come from?
A falconer's tool.
104
What is the minimum must weight and alcohol range for the Federspiel category in the Wachau?
minimum must weight of 17° KMW|a final alcohol range of 11.5%-12.5%
105
Where does the name "Smaragd" come from?
An emerald lizard who basks on the terraces.
106
What is the minimum must weight and minimum alcohol for the Smaragd category in the Wachau?
minimum alcohol of 12.5% |minimum must weight of 19° KMW|-the approximate equivalent of 95° Öchsle, or Spätlese ripeness
107
The vineyard of Achleiten is located in what village of the Wachau?
Weissenkirchen
108
What is the most famous vineyard site in the Wachau?
Achleiten|-in the village of Weissenkirchen
109
What is the name of the organization of Wachau estates sworn to uphold the tenets of natural winemaking as spelled out in the Codex Wachau: no additives (including chaptalization), no aromatization (including the use of new barrique), and no "fractionation" (techniques such as de-alcoholization)?
Vinea Wachau|-All wines released by members must be bottled in the region and vinified from grapes grown in the Wachau. Founded in 1983, the Vinea Wachau members control more than 85% of the region's vineyard acreage.
110
Vinea Wachau members control more than what percentage of the Wachau region's vineyard acreage?
85%
111
What region is to the east of Wachau, Kremstal and Kamptal?
Wagram|-Known as Donauland prior to 2007
112
Prior to 2007, what was the Wagram region called?
Donauland
113
Other than Grüner Veltliner, which is the main grape of the region, what wine is a specialty of Wagram?
Roter Veltliner|-an unrelated red grape produced as a white wine
114
What two regions are located just south of Vienna?
Thermenregion|Carnuntum
115
What is the name of the field blends that are still very common in Carnuntum?
Gemischter Satz
116
What are the two most common white grapes in the Thermenregion. where red grapes typically dominate?
Rotgipfler|Zierfandler|-produced varietally or as the blended Spätrot-Rotgipfler
117
What is the most planted grape in the Carnuntum region?
Zweigelt||-climate is similar to that of sunny, neighboring Burgenland, and production is oriented toward red wines|-25% of total grape acreage|-Grüner Veltliner (22% of total grape acreage)|-Blaufränkisch (9% of total grape acreage)|-Merlot (6% of total grape acreage)|-Welschriesling (6% of total grape acreage)
118
In the Thermenregion, the rare white grapes Rotgipfler and Zierfandler are cultivated here, produced varietally or blended under what name?
Spätrot-Rotgipfler
119
What are some of the key producers in the Wachau region?
Emmerich Knoll|Franz Hirtzberger|Rudi Pichler|FX Pichler|Prager|Veyder-Malberg|Alzinger|Domäne Wachau|Nikolaihof|Jäger
120
Which producer in the Wachau region is known for having the most noticeable notes of botrytis in their wines?
Franz Hirtzberger
121
Roughly what percentage of the Wachau region is planted to Grüner Veltliner?
54% of total acreage|-Riesling (17% of total acreage)|-Zweigelt (8% of total acreage)|-Müller-Thurgau (6%)|-Neuburger (4%)
122
Roughly what percentage of the Wachau region is planted to Riesling?
17% of total acreage|-Grüner Veltliner (54% of total acreage)|-Zweigelt (8% of total acreage)|-Müller-Thurgau (6%)|-Neuburger (4%)
123
What are the 8 most important villages in the Wachau region?
Viessling|Spitz|Wösendorf|Joching|Dürnstein|Unterloiben/Oberloiben|Mautern
124
Describe the soils of the Wachau region.
Lower, east-facing vineyards typically contain sandy loess soils, whereas the steeper, higher vineyards (450 meters and above) are characterized by shallow soils and a higher proportion of the underlying Gföhl gneiss and other primary rock.
125
When was the Vinea Wachau founded?
1983
126
What weinbaugebiete produces Austria's best red and sweet white wines?
Burgenland|-Burgenland borders Hungary, and shares many viticultural and climactic traits with regions just across the border, such as Sopron.
127
The hot continental, Pannonian climate in Burgenland is tempered by the cooling influence of what?
The Neusiedlersee|-a large, shallow lake
128
What are the 5 DAC zones of Burgenland?
Eisenberg DAC |Leithaberg DAC |Neusiedlersee DAC|Rosalia DAC|Mittelburgenland DAC
129
What is the Mittelburgenland DAC famous for producing?
Blaufränkisch|-only authorized grape|-DAC regulations stipulate large casks or used wood in the event of barrique-aging
130
What is the first DAC to allow both red and white wines?
Leithaberg DAC|-White wines may be blends or single varietals produced from Grüner Veltliner, Chardonnay, Neuburger, or Weissburgunder|-Red wines are comprised of a minimum 85% Blaufränkisch, with stipulations similar to those of Mittelburgenland on new wood
131
What is the only authorized grape for the Eisenberg DAC?
Blaufränkisch
132
What is Blaufränkisch known as in Germany?
Lemberger|-In Hungary as Kékfrankos
133
What is Blaufränkisch known as in Hungary?
Kékfrankos|--In Germany as Lemberger
134
What producer in the village of Illmitz in Neusiedlersee is famous for eiswein, BA and TBA bottlings?
Alois Kracher
135
Which town in Leithaberg is famous for the production of Ausbruch, a traditional sweet wine dating to the 17th century?
Rust|-Grapes destined for Ausbruch are harvested at a minimum 30° KMW (approximately 138°Öchsle). Production for Ausbruch bears similarities to the process of Tokaji: richly concentrated botrytis-affected must is added to less concentrated must—from fruit harvested in the same vineyard—and the two are fermented together, then aged in barrel before release.
136
What is another name for the Styria region?
Steiermark|-The region contains approximately 9% of the nation's vineyards, and there are no DAC zones as of 2010
137
What is another name for the Steiermark region?
Styria|-The region contains approximately 9% of the nation's vineyards, and there are no DAC zones as of 2010
138
What is the Steiermark region's most cultivated grape?
Welschriesling|-a grape unrelated (and inferior) to the noble Riesling|-followed by Weissburgunder
139
Who is the most famous producer of Südsteiermark who is excelling with both unoaked and barrique-aged versions of Sauvignon Blanc?
Manfred Tement
140
In Weststeiermark, what comprises over 95% of the red grape acreage and is often vinified as Schilcher, a racy style of local rosé?
Blauer Wildbacher
141
What Niederösterreich subzones surround the Wien region?
Thermenregion|Carnuntum|Weinviertel|Wagram
142
What is the only capital city in Europe to have its own wine appellation within city limits?
Wien (Vienna)
143
Wien received a DAC in 2013 for what style of wine?
Gemischter Satz|-Wines must be a blend of at least 3 white varieties. No single variety may compose more than 50% of the blend, and 3 varieties must make up at least 10% each.|-Wines with geographic indication "Wiener" may not show obvious wood tones and must be trocken in style.|-Single Vineyard wines may not be released prior to March 1 of the year following the harvest, and are not required to be trocken.
144
What are the 4 Qualitätswein Sekt Categories?
Klassik|Reserve|Große Reserve (Grand Reserve)|"Hauersekt"
145
What is the minimum lees aging for the Klassik Sekt Category?
9 months
146
What is the minimum lees aging for the Reserve Sekt Category?
Minimum 18 months|-Traditional method only|-Area of origin may not be more specific than the federal state in which the grapes were grown
147
What is the minimum lees aging for the Große Reserve Sekt Category?
Minimum 30 months|-Traditional method only|-Grapes harvested and whole-cluster pressed in a single Austrian municipality
148
What are the permitted sweetness levels for the Große Reserve and Reserve Sekt Categories?
Brut|Extra Brut|Brut Nature
149
What system is used in Austria to measure must weight?
KMW (KLOSTERNEUBURGER MOSTWAAGE SCALE)
150
What are the Prädikatswein levels?
o Spätlese|o Auslese|o Beerenauslese|-Strohwein|o Eiswein|-Ausbruch|o Trockenbeerenauslese
151
What is Schilfwein?
Grapes dried on reeds in Austria
152
What grape is most likely to be found in the Kranachberg vineyard?
Sauvignon Blanc
153
What grape is most likely to be found in the Gaisberg vineyard?
Riesling||-Kamptal|-Just as the Lamm vineyard is on the same slope as Heiligenstein, the Renner vineyard is on the same slope as Gaisberg.
154
What grape is most likely to be found in the Renner vineyard?
Grüner Veltliner||-Just as the Lamm vineyard is on the same slope as Heiligenstein, the Renner vineyard is on the same slope as Gaisberg.
155
In which Austrian region is the Gaisberg vineyard located?
Kamptal||-Just as the Lamm vineyard is on the same slope as Heiligenstein, the Renner vineyard is on the same slope as Gaisberg.
156
Who is the most famous producer of riesling in the Gaisberg vineyard of Kamptal?
Hirsch||-Riesling|-Just as the Lamm vineyard is on the same slope as Heiligenstein, the Renner vineyard is on the same slope as Gaisberg.
157
In which Austrian region is the Renner vineyard located?
Kamptal||-Just as the Lamm vineyard is on the same slope as Heiligenstein, the Renner vineyard is on the same slope as Gaisberg.
158
Who is the most famous producer of Grüner Veltliner in the Renner vineyard of Kamptal?
Schloss Gobelsburg||-Just as the Lamm vineyard is on the same slope as Heiligenstein, the Renner vineyard is on the same slope as Gaisberg.
159
Which Burgenland DAC does NOT produce Blaufränkisch-based red wines?
Neusiedlersee
160
Schilcher is a specialty of which DAC?
Weststeiermark
161
Schloss Gobelsburg, Bründlmayer, and Hirsch are producers in what region?
Kamptal
162
What is the maximum alcohol by volume for Federspiel wines in the Wachau?
12.50%
163
1 KMW is equivalent to approximately how many degrees Öchsle?
5
164
Ausbruch has to be harvested at what minimum ripeness level?
30° KMW
165
Gesellmann, Wellanschitz, and Krutzler are all respected producers specializing in what variety?
Blaufränkisch
166
True or false, Gemischter Satz can only be made in Wien?
FALSE
167
What are the three best dry white wine vintages for Austria in the 1990s?
1990|1997|1999
168
What is Vie Vinum?
Austria's grand bi-annual wine conference/trade show
169
Schilfwein is different from strohwein in what key way?
Strohwein is dried on straw, schilfwein is dried on reeds.
170
Which Austrian oenologist pioneered hochkultur training?
Lenz Moser III||-the Lenz Moser high training system is used for 90% of Austria's vines
171
What is Lenz Moser famous for developing in Austria?
hochkultur training||-the Lenz Moser high training system is used for 90% of Austria's vines
172
What is the name of Austria's grand bi-annual wine conference/trade show?
Vie Vinum
173
True or false, Reserve Sekt can be made in the Charmat Method?
FALSE
174
No grape in a Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC wine may be more than what percentage of the total blend?
50%
175
What is the maximum residual sugar level of Austrian Große Reserve Sekt?
12 g/l
176
What is the minimum pressure Austrian Sekt may be bottled at?
3.5 bars
177
Near what body of water would you find the village of Rust?
Lake Neusiedl||-pronounced "Roost"
178
True or false, Riesling and Welschriesling are varieties that are genetically related to each other?
FALSE
179
Nigl, Solomon, and Christoph Hoch are producers in what region?
Kremstal
180
Who are the 3 most important producers in the Kremstal region?
Nigl|Solomon|Christoph Hoch
181
Spätrot is produced by blending which two grape varieties?
Zierfandler|Rotgipfler
182
In 2009, what percentage of Austrian vineyard plantings were Grüner Veltliner?
29%
183
What is the synonym for Scheurebe in Burgenland?
Sämling 88||-Bred by Georg Scheu as a "Sämling", or seedling, from Riesling and Bukettraube at the Landesanstalt für Rebenzüchtung in Alzey. Scheu numbered all of his young plants consecutively, and this particular one was Seedling Number 88 - thus the name Sämling 88
184
Sämling 88 is a synonym for what grape in Burgenland?
Scheurebe
185
What was Wagram known as prior to 2007?
Donauland
186
True or false, Leithaberg is the only DAC in Burgenland that allows white wine?
TRUE
187
What is the minimum alcohol by volume required for Kamptal Reserve Riesling?
13%
188
Lake Neusiedl is bordered by which two European countries?
Austria|Hungary
189
What famous lake is bordered by both Austria and Hungary?
Lake Neusiedl
190
Lamm is an Erste Lage vineyard specializing in what grape variety?
Grüner Veltliner
191
What are the three best vintages for Burgenland botrytis wines since 2000?
2005|2010|2015
192
Which village is furthest west?: Mautern, Weissenkirchen, Spitz, or Dürnstein?
Spitz
193
What are the parent grapes of Gruner Veltliner?
St. Georgener-Rebe|Traminer
194
St. Georgener-Rebe and Traminer are the parents of which grape?
Gruner Veltliner
195
Rotburger is a synonym for what?
Zweigelt
196
Weinviertal Reserve wines were first introduced in what vintage?
2009
197
Roter Nurnberger and Ranfoliza are synonyms for what grape in Austria?
Gewurztraminer
198
Weinviertel DAC borders what country?
Czech Republic
199
Carnuntum borders what country?
Slovakia
200
What is the Lenz Moser system?
Vines are grown 2X their normal height, achieving higher ratio of quality to cost by enabling the use of mechanized harvesting. Invented by Austrian: Lenz Moser.
201
85% of Austria's vines are trained on what type of vine training system?
Lenz Moser
202
How does ausbruch differ from BA or TBA?
Ausbruch means "to break up." The grapes are so dried at harvest that one has to first moisten the mass with Spatlese juice. Intensely raisiny aromas and more boytrised than TBA.
203
Mittelburgenland DAC is separated from Neusiedlersee DAC by what wine region?
Sopron, Hungary
204
What is the warmest and driest region of Austria?
Burgenland
205
When is Austrian Sekt Day celebrated?
22-Oct
206
Which two regions were eliminated/ absorbed into Burgenland in 2016?
Neusiedlersee-Hugelland (became Leithaberg)|Sudburgenland (became Eisenberg)
207
In Burgenland, which regions are allowed to bear a more specific wine region?
Only DAC wine
208
Which subzone of Steirmark was eliminated in 2015?
Sud-Oststeirmark (now, Vulkenland steirmark)
209
What are the new three subzones of Steirmark 2015?
Weststeirmark|Sudsteirmark|Vulkenland Steirmark
210
When Ausbruch is made anywhere outside of designated area, how is it treated in the Pradikatswein system?
Becomes TBA with 30° KMW (Cannot be labeled as Ausbruch unless in Rust)
211
As of 2016, Ausbruch can only be exclusively made by what historical town?
Rust||-pronounced "Roost"
212
Name a vineyard and a producer of Spitz?
Axpoint|||Producer: Hirtzberger
213
What is Vinea Wachau?
An organization of like minded growers who uphold the tenets of natural winemaking as defined by the Codex Wachau.||1. no additives (including chaptalization), ||2.no aromatization (including the use of new barrique), and ||3. no "fractionation" (techniques such as de-alcoholization). ||4. must be bottled in the region and vinified from grapes grown in the Wachau.
214
What are the 4 tenets of the Codex Wachau?
1. no additives (including chaptalization), ||2.no aromatization (including the use of new barrique), and ||3. no "fractionation" (techniques such as de-alcoholization). ||4. must be bottled in the region and vinified from grapes grown in the Wachau.
215
What are the villages from west to east of Wachau?
Spitz|Wosendorf|Weissenkirchen|Durnstein|Oberloiben|Unterloiben|Mautern
216
How long must Austrian Sekt Qualitatswein age on lees for each category?
Klassik- 9mos (1 year total)|Reserve- 18mos (2 year total)|Große Reserve - 30 mos (3 year total)||All may not be released before Oct 22.
217
What is Neiderosterreich's westernmost subregion?
Wachau
218
Who is pictured on Emmerich Knoll's front label?
St. Urban: patron saint of winemaking
219
Which Wachau producer has a picture of St. Urban on their label?
Emmerich Knoll
220
What rule pertaining to Wachau describes bottle closure?
All smaragd wines must be sealed with a long natural cork that is least 49mm long and branded with vintage year
221
Which Austrian wine must be sealed with a long natural cork that is at least 49mm long and branded with vintage year?
Wachau Smaragd
222
What was the first Austrian wine to receive 100 pts from Robert Parker?
1995 Nikolaihof Vinothek
223
Who is the winemaker for Prager?
Toni Bodenstein
224
Muller Thurgau is a crossing of what varietals?
Riesling X Madeleine Royale
225
Neuburger is a cross of what varietals?
Roter Veltliner x Sylvaner||-generally produces full bodied white wines
226
What countries does eastern Austria border? (from N to S)
Cech Republic|Slovakia|Hungary|Slovenia
227
What are the Weinbaugebeite of Austria?
Niederosterriech|Wien|Burgenland|Styria
228
What is the most cultivated white grape of Austria?
Gruner Veltliner
229
What are the Austrian synonyms for Chardonnay?
Morillon (Styria)|Feinburgunder (Wachau)
230
What is Prufnummer in Austria?
State controlled number that indicates pass of chemical test.
231
What is the max yield in hl for all Austrian wines?
67.5 hl/ha
232
What is the minimum alcohol for Pradikat Austrian wine?
5% alc
233
Is Kabinett a pradikat wine in Austria?
No, it is a qualitatswein. ||-Pradikat starts with spatlese at least.
234
Which DACs are known for Blaufrankish?
Mittelburgenland DAC*|Eisenberg DAC*|Leithaberg DAC||*only Blaufrankish||-Leithaberg is a max. 15% combined Pinot Noir, St. Laurent, and Zweigelt
235
Which is the only DAC that allows both red and white wines in Burgenland?
Leithaberg DAC
236
For what grape/style of wine was Neusiedlersee made DAC in 2012?
Dry red wine, zweigelt: Classic & Reserve
237
What is the KMW?
Klosterneuburger MostWaage Scale||-1° KMW=1% sugar content of the must|-Measurement for must weight in Austria
238
What are the min must weights (KMW) for Wachau?
Steinfeder- (11.5% alc) 15° KMW (Qualitatswein)|Federspiel- (11.5-12.5% alc) 17° KMW (Kabinett)|Smaragd- (12.5% alc) 19° KMW (Spatlese)
239
What 3 levels of Pradikat have same min must weight?
Beerenauslese, Strohwein, Icewein are all 25° KMW
240
19° KMW—the approximate weight of Smaragd wines is equivalent to what German weight?
95° Öchsle, or Spätlese ripeness
241
How many oechsle are in 1 KMW? Brix in 1 KMW?
1 KMW= 5 oechsle|1 KMW= 1.18 Brix
242
What are the min. KMW levels in increasing order for all of the Austrian wine categories?
Wein- 10.7°||Landwein- 14°||Qualitatswein- 15°|Qualitätswein Sekt- 15°|Kabinett- 17°||Spatlese- 19°|Auslese- 21°|Beerenauslese- 25°|Strohwein- 25°|Icewein- 25°|Ausbruch- 30°|Trockenbeerenause- 30°
243
What are the blending requirments for Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC?
min. blend of 3 white varietals
244
What is the newly appointed DAC of Wien (2013)?
Wiener Gemischter Sazt DAC
245
Which is the only DAC commited to Classic and Reserve styles of Zweigelt?
Neusiedlersee DAC (2012)
246
What was Austria's first DAC?
Weinviertal
247
What are the premier winemaking regions in Austria for sweet wine production?
Neusiedlersee, Illimitz (Eiswein, BA, TBA)|Producers: Kracher||Rust (Ausbruch)|Producers: Heidi Schroek|-pronounced "Roost"
248
Name a producer of Ausbruch.
Heidi Schroek
249
What are the 5 Weinbaugebeit of Burgenland?
Neusiedlersee DAC|Leithaberg DAC|Mittelburgendland DAC|Eisenberg DAC|Rosalia DAC
250
What are the 8 Weinbaugebeit of Niederosterreich and how many of them are DAC?
Weinviertal DAC|Wachau|Kamptal DAC|Kremstal DAC|TRaisental DAC|Wagram|Carnuntum|Thermenregion
251
Which two Niederosterreich regions do not touch the Danube River?
Weinviertal DAC|Thermenregion
252
What is Niederosterreich's largest region?
Weinviertal DAC
253
Is riesling allowed for Classic/ Reserve winemaking in Weinviertal?
No, must be Gruner Veltliner.
254
What does Ried indicate in Austria?
Top site replacing the village name.|-Single vineyard
255
Where is Nigl located?
Kremstal DAC, Niederosterreich
256
What is special about the soil of Heligenstein in the Kamptal?
It is a vineyard with a rare outcropping of sandstone and volcanic soil.
257
Roter Veltliner is a specialty of which Austrian region?
Wagram||-red grape made into white wine
258
Which red grape is made into white wine and is a specialty of Wagram?
Roter Veltliner
259
What is spatrot-rotgipfler?
White blend from Zierfandler and Rotgipfler made in Thermenregion
260
What type of soil is gfohler and where is it found?
gneiss||-Wachau
261
The organization STK is based in what region?
Steiermark||-Steirische Terroir & Klassik
262
When did the anitfreeze scandal in Austria take place?
1985||-Diethylene glycol—a colorless, odorless, poisonous chemical—gave a light wine some added texture.
263
Where is Rosalia?
Burgenland
264
What is the only varietal allowed in Weinvertel DAC?
Gruner Vietliner ||-12% abv with no hints of botrytis or oak|-Reserve 13% abv with hints of botrytis or oak
265
What is Österreichischen Traditionsweingüter?
Association of Austrian producers in Lower Austria, founded in 1992, which is responsible for elevating sites to Erste Lage.
266
Where is Gföhl gneiss found?
Wachau||-Lower, east-facing vineyards typically contain sandy loess soils, whereas the steeper, higher vineyards (450 meters and above) are characterized by shallow soils and a higher proportion of the underlying Gföhl gneiss and other primary rock.
267
What grape is a cross of Roter Veltliner and Sylvaner?
Neuburger
268
What are the wine region(s) inside the Austrian Weinland Region?
Burgenland|Niederösterreich|Wien
269
What are the wine region(s) inside the Austrian Steierland Region?
Steiermark
270
What Austrian states are included the Bergland region?
Vorarlberg|Tirol|Salzburg|Oberösterreich (Upper Austria)|Kärnten (Carinthia)
271
What is Traubenmost?
grape must||-exclusively grapes harvested and pressed in Austria
272
What is the Austrian term for grape must?
Traubenmost
273
What is Sturm?
A half-fermented, sparkling grape juice, usually accompanies harvest-time meals in Austria.||-"Weinland" or "Steiererland" or "Bergland"
274
What is the name for the half-fermented, sparkling grape juice, that usually accompanies harvest-time meals in Austria?
Sturm||-"Weinland" or "Steiererland" or "Bergland"
275
What is Perlwein?
German/Austrian term for wine which has been made to be lightly sparkling, usually with carbonation method.||Min. 9% ABV|1 to 2.5 ATM|All methods (including added CO2)
276
What is the Austrian term for wine which has been made to be lightly sparkling, usually with carbonation method?
Perlwein||Min. 9% ABV|1 to 2.5 ATM|All methods (including added CO2)
277
What is Shaumwein?
Sparkling wine from Austria||Min. 8.5% ABV|3 ATM|All methods (including added CO2)
278
What is the Austrian term for sparkling wine that must have at least 3 ATM of pressure and can be made using any production method?
Shaumwein
279
What does Lieblich mean?
(medium-sweet) = max. 45 g/L|-Austria
280
What is the max. g/l of sugar for "Lieblich" wine in Austria?
45 g/L
281
What is the max. g/l of sugar for "Halbtrocken" wine in Austria?
18 g/L
282
What is the max. g/l of sugar for "Trocken" wine in Austria?
max 9 g/L
283
What is the min. g/l of sugar for "Sweet" wine in Austria?
45 g/L
284
What is the general soil character in the Kremstal DAC?
East of the Krems River, soil structures include deep loess terraces, whereas those to the west have shallower soils and more primary rock.
285
What is the general soil character in the Kamptal DAC?
Variable, and include loess, clay and loam. Loess and clay-loam are prevalent nearer the Danube River, whereas the higher, steeper vineyards have thin topsoil and more primary rock, like Gföhl gneiss and mica-schist. |||-In the Heiligenstein vineyard, there is a rare outcropping of weathered sandstone, mixed with volcanic rock.
286
What term must be on the label of a Riesling or Grüner Veltliner for the wine to be showing character of new barrique and hints of botrytis?
Reserve||-Anything below Reserve must be ...."fresh, fruit-accented, fine spiciness; no Botrytis note; no wood tone"
287
What are the 5 villages in the Kamptal DAC that have Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage sites?
Engabrunner: Stein|Kammern: Gaisberg, Grub, Lamm, Renner|Langenlois: Dechant, Käferberg, Kittmannsberg, Loiserberg, Schenkenbichl, Seeberg, Spiegel, Steinhaus, Steinmassl, Thal|Strass im Strassertal: Gaisberg, Ofenberg, Wechselberg Spiegel|Zöbing: Gaisberg, Kogelberg, Heiligenstein
288
Engabrunner is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kamptal DAC||-not to be confused with Engabrunn in Wagram
289
Kammern is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kamptal DAC
290
Langenlois is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kamptal DAC
291
Strass im Strassertal is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kamptal DAC
292
Zöbing is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kamptal DAC
293
What are the 5 major villages of the Kremstal DAC?
Krems|Senftenberg|Rohrendorf|Gedersdorf|Furth
294
Krems is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kremstal DAC
295
Senftenberg is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kremstal DAC
296
Rohrendorf is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kremstal DAC
297
Gedersdorf is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kremstal DAC
298
Furth is a village in which Austrian wine region?
Kremstal DAC
299
The Gaisberg vineyard of Kamptal DAC is located in which 3 villages?
Zöbing|Strass im Strassertal|Kammern
300
The Lamm vineyard of Kamptal DAC is located in which village?
Kammern
301
The Stein vineyard of Kamptal DAC is located in which village?
Engabrunner||-not to be confused with Engabrunn in Wagram
302
What are the two most important grapes in the Carnuntum region of Austria?
Zweigelt (25% of total grape acreage)|Grüner Veltliner (22% of total grape acreage)||-stony loam and loess
303
What are the two most important grapes in the Thermenregion of Austria?
Zweigelt (15% of total acreage)|Blauer Portugieser (14% of total acreage)||-clay, sandy loam and brown earth
304
What are the 3 villages in the Traisental DAC that have Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage sites?
Getzersdorf|Inzersdorf-Getzersdorf|Reichersdorf
305
What are the two most important grapes in the Wagram region of Austria?
Grüner Veltliner (49% of total acreage)|Zweigelt (14% of total acreage)||-loess
306
What are the 5 villages in the Wagram that have Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage sites?
Engabrunn: Stein|Fels am Wagram: Brunnthal, Scheiben|Feuersbrunn: Rosenberg, Spiegel|Oberstockstall: Schlossberg|Ruppersthal: Mordthal
307
What is the only authorized grape in the Weinviertel DAC?
Grüner Veltliner|||-Grüner Veltliner: " fruity, spicy, peppery; no Botrytis note; no wood tone"|-Reserve GV: "subtle botrytis and wood notes are acceptable"
308
Weingut R&A Pfaffl is a producer in which Austrian region?
Weinviertel DAC||-Pfaffl winery is situated in the village of Stetton.||-Today the estate comprises 90 hectares and is run by Roman Pfaffl and his sister Heidi Fischer.
309
Johanneshof Reinisch is a producer in which wine region?
Thermenregion||*There is a particular focus on the Burgundy varieties such as Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and St. Laurent. In the area of Gumpoldskirchen the indigenous grape varieties Rotgipfler and Zierfandler are cultivated.
310
Weingut Wieninger is a producer in which region?
Wien
311
Name an example and a producer of Zweigelt in Carnuntum?
Glatzer||-"Rebencuvee"
312
What red grapes can be used in the Leithaberg DAC?
Blaufränkisch||-plus a max. 15% combined Pinot Noir, St. Laurent, and Zweigelt
313
What is the most important village in the Neusiedlersee DAC for sweet wine?
Illmitz
314
Illmitz is a village located within which wine region?
Neusiedlersee DAC
315
What is heuriger?
It is a primeur wine that is produced in Wien and consumed in the local wine taverns, the heurigen.||-Traditional Eastern Austrian wine taverns (historically concentrated around Vienna). Heurig means "new wine"/ "wine of this year"
316
Blauer Wildbacher is almost entirely confined to which region of Austria?
Weststeiermark||-95% of the red grape acreage and is often vinified as Schilcher, a racy style of local rosé
317
Blauer Wildbacher is often used to make what style of wine?
Often vinified as Schilcher, a racy style of rosé in Weststeiermark.
318
What is "Schilcher" , where is it found?
Racy rose made from the Blauer Wildbacher grape from Weststeiermark.
319
Strohmeier is a famous producer of what style of wine?
Schilcher||-Racy rose made from the Blauer Wildbacher grape from Weststeiermark.
320
Prieler is famous producer located in which Austrian DAC?
Leithaberg DAC
321
Blaufränkisch is frequently compared to which 2 European grapes?
Nebbiolo|Syrah||-peppery with a course tannin
322
In which Austrian wine region does the Neuburger grape reach its peak expression?
Wachau||-grown everywhere in Austria except Styria
323
Describe the character of the Neuburger grape.
Floral, robust, spicy, and nutty.
324
Weingut Lagler is a famous producer of what grape in the Wachau?
Neuburger
325
Which wine regions of Austria are most well known for the production of Roter Veltliner and what soil types are favored?
Wagram|Kremstal||-loam or loess soils
326
What does "Roter" mean?
Red||-refers to the red grapes of Roter Veltliner
327
Weingut Leth is located in which region and famous for making what grape?
Wagram|-Roter Veltliner
328
Weingut Leth is most famous for the production of which grape in Wagram?
Roter Veltliner
329
The white blend from Zierfandler and Rotgipfler called spatrot-rotgipfler is made in which region?
Thermenregion
330
What major Austrian weinbaugebiete borders Slovenia?
Steiermark
331
What is the primary grape of Neusiedlersee?
Zweigelt
332
What are the 5 key requirements for Austrian Sekt Große Reserve?
Grapes must come from a single village. ||Hand harvesting is required. ||No more than 12 g/l RS. ||Minimum 30 months on lees. ||May not be released until October 22nd - 3 years after harvest.
333
How could you tell the difference between a bottle of Austrian Sekt and a bottle of Austrian Sekt with Protected Designation of Origin?
A PDO bottle of Austrian Sekt must have the official seal on the capsule with the words "Geschutzter Urspung, Geprufte Qualitat" (which means "protected designation of origin and certified quality")
334
What is the difference between traditional DAC wines from Gruner Veltliner and the "Reserve" wines?
GV: minimum 12% ABV, no obvious wood or botrytis. ||Reserve: minimum 13% ABV, may have hints of both botrytis and wood.
335
What 6 regions have Traditionsweingüter Österreich Erste Lage sites?
Kamptal DAC|Kremstal DAC|Traisental DAC|Wagram|Carnuntum|Wein||*It's a vineyard site classification system for dry Grüner Veltliner and Riesling ("Klassification 2012" awarded 62 vineyard sites). ||*Currently there are 31 members and 72 recognized vineyard sites located in Kamptal DAC, Kremstal DAC, Traisental DAC, Wagram, Wein
336
Klosersatz and Schutt are famous vineyards located in what village?
Unterloiben
337
What is the most famous wine made by F.X. Pichler?
Unendlich Riesling||-among the rarest Austrian Rieslings
338
Weingut Neumeister is a producer from which Austrian region?
Vulkanland Steiermark
339
Which Vulkanland Steiermark producer makes Saziani Grauburgunder?
Weingut Neumeister
340
What winery produced "Serious Wine From A Gorgeous Place"?
Weingut Moric||-Grüner Veltliner|> Mittelburgenland
341
What is a famous example of Grüner Veltliner from Mittelburgenland?
Serious Wine From A Gorgeous Place|-Weingut Moric
342
What Austrian producer was instrumental in developing the Lyre training system?
Brundlemeyer||-Willi Bründlmayer has converted some (17ha in total) of his vineyards to the Lyre training system, which he helped develop. Vines are trained low to the ground, to benefit from the warmth of the primary rock soils, then the canes are trained at an angle upward and perpendicular to the row, which doubles the sunlit and aired foliage surface and improves grape ripeness. The well-aired leaves also dry faster, thus reducing risk of dreaded grape mildew.||-Willi Bründlmayer farms 75 hectares of grüner veltliner, riesling, st. laurent, zweigelt and Burgundian varieties from an impressive collection of grand cru vineyards around Langenlois.
343
What is the name of the vine training system developed at Brundlemeyer where the vines are trained low to the ground, to benefit from the warmth of the primary rock soils, then the canes are trained at an angle upward and perpendicular to the row, which doubles the sunlit and aired foliage surface and improves grape ripeness?
Lyre training system
344
What are two notable producers in the Wachau who do not belong to the Vinea Wachau?
Peter Veyder-Malberg|Martin Mutenthaler||*neighbors in the Spitzer Graben|*the Spitzer Graben is a narrow cool valley that branches off from the Danube.
345
What is Bergwein?
Austrian wine made from grapes grown on slopes with an angle of over 26°. ||-Bergwein is a form of Tafelwein that is able to bypass normal Qualitätswein criteria and be sold in standard size bottles (750 ml) and labeled with the name of the wine growing region.
346
What is an example of Austrian Wein (Tafelwein) that is able to bypass normal Qualitätswein criteria and be sold in standard size bottles (750 ml) and labeled with the name of the wine growing region?
Bergwein||-Austrian wine made from grapes grown on slopes with an angle of over 26°.
347
What is Stroh?
Stroh, as a brand, is a historic Austrian manufacturer of rum, particularly high proof spiced rums meant for warm drinks and use in cooking, particularly desserts.
348
What is Gluhwein?
A holiday season tradition - mulled wine
349
What is a Mostheurige?
A primeur cider that is produced in Mostviertel and consumed in the local taverns?||-Cider is important to southwest Austria (the Mostviertel), Upper Austria, and parts of Styria. The largest continuous pear orchard acreage in Europe lies in the Mostviertel.
350
What is the primeur wine that is produced in Wien and consumed in the local wine taverns?
Heuriger||-Traditional Eastern Austrian wine taverns (historically concentrated around Vienna). Heurig means "new wine"/ "wine of this year"
351
What is the primeur cider that is produced in Mostviertel and consumed in the local taverns?
Mostheurige
352
What is Pinot Blanc called in Austria?
Weissburgunder
353
What are the two most planted red grapes of Austria?
Zweigelt|Blaufrankisch
354
What is the required KMW for qualitatswein in Austria?
15° KMW
355
What is the required KMW for Austrain Qualitatswein Sekt?
15° KMW
356
Which wine would have more effervescence, Perlwein or Shaumwein?
Shaumwein
357
What is the Austrian term for "brut"?
Herb||-brut nature / brut zero, 0-3 g/l. extra brut / extra herb, 0-6 g/l. herb / brut, 0-12 g/l. extra trocken / extra dry / très sec, 12-17 g/l. trocken / secco / dry / sec, 17-32 g/l.
358
Which wine would have less effervescence, Perlwein or Shaumwein?
Perlwein
359
What does the Austrian term "Herb" mean in reference to sparkling wine?
brut||-brut nature / brut zero, 0-3 g/l. extra brut / extra herb, 0-6 g/l. herb / brut, 0-12 g/l. extra trocken / extra dry / très sec, 12-17 g/l. trocken / secco / dry / sec, 17-32 g/l.
360
What percentage of grapes must come from the Wachau to be classified with the Vinea Wachau Codex?
100%
361
Veyder-Malberg is based in which village of the Wachau.
Spitz
362
Franz Hirtzberger is based in which village of the Wachau.
Spitz
363
Rudi Pichler is based in which village of the Wachau.
Wösendorf
364
FX Pichler is based in which village of the Wachau.
Oberloiben
365
Prager is based in which village of the Wachau.
Weißenkirchen
366
Jäger is based in which village of the Wachau.
Weißenkirchen
367
Emmerich Knoll is based in which village of the Wachau.
Unterloiben
368
Domäne Wachau is based in which village of the Wachau.
Dürnstein
369
Alzinger is based in which village of the Wachau.
Unterloiben
370
Nikolaihof is based in which village of the Wachau.
Mautern
371
The sweet wines of Alois Kracher are released under what appellation?
Burgenland
372
When did the Cistercian monks begin making wine in Austria?
11th Century||-Charlemagne captured the area in 803
373
When were the Viennese permitted to plant vines within the city limits?
12th Century||-by the 16th century Austria had 150 ha planted, which is 3 times more than today.
374
During what century did Turkish armies invade Austria and destroy much of the vineyard land?
17th Century||-The Ottoman-Habsburg wars were fought from the 16th through the 18th centuries between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy, which was at times supported by the Holy Roman Empire, Kingdom of Hungary, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and Habsburg Spain.||-Later, the Peace of Westphalia and the Spanish War of Succession in the 17th and 18th centuries respectively left the Austrian Empire as the sole firm possession of the House of Habsburg. After the Siege of Vienna in 1683, the Habsburgs assembled a large coalition of European powers known as the Holy League, allowing them to fight the Ottomans and to regain control over Hungary. The Great Turkish War ended with the decisive Holy League victory at Zenta. The wars ended after Austria's participation in the war of 1787-1791, which Austria fought allied with Russia. Intermittent tension between Austria and the Ottoman Empire continued throughout the nineteenth century, but they never fought each other in a war and ultimately found themselves allied in World War I, in the aftermath of which both empires were dissolved.
375
During what decade did phylloxera arrive in Austria?
1880's||-25% of vines were lost
376
When did Fritz Zweigelt create the Zweigelt cross from Blaufränkisch and St. Laurent?
1922||-At Klosterneuburg, he bred what became known as the Zweigelt grape from Blaufränkisch and St. Laurent in 1922, and Blauburger from Blaufränkisch and Blauer Portugieser the following year.
377
What 3 crosses is Fritz Zweigelt famous for making?
Blauburger (1923)|Zweigelt (1922)|Goldburger (1922)||-At Klosterneuburg, he bred what became known as the Zweigelt grape from Blaufränkisch and St. Laurent in 1922, and Blauburger from Blaufränkisch and Blauer Portugieser the following year.
378
When did Fritz Zweigelt create the Blauburger cross from Blaufränkisch and Blauer Portugieser?
1923||-At Klosterneuburg, he bred what became known as the Zweigelt grape from Blaufränkisch and St. Laurent in 1922, and Blauburger from Blaufränkisch and Blauer Portugieser the following year.
379
Where did Fritz Zweigelt create the famous crosses of Zweigelt and Blauburger?
Federal Institute for Viticulture and Pomology in Klosterneuburg||-outside of Vienna
380
Who created the Blauburger cross and when did this happen?
Fritz Zweigelt||-1923||-At Klosterneuburg, he bred what became known as the Zweigelt grape from Blaufränkisch and St. Laurent in 1922, and Blauburger from Blaufränkisch and Blauer Portugieser the following year.
381
What was Fritz Zweigelt's Zweigelt cross originally called?
Rotburger
382
The Rotburger cross, created by Fritz Zweigelt was later renamed what?
Zweigelt
383
Why did Fritz Zweigelt's career end in 1945?
His fortunes were closely tied to that of the Nazis in Austria, and his career ended in 1945.
384
When was the Federal Institute for Viticulture and Pomology in Klosterneuburg established?
1860||-where Fritz Zweigelt bred the Zweigelt and Blauburger red wine grapes.
385
During which decade did Lenz Moser III develope his eponymous vine training method that eventually gave rise to Grüner Veltliner?
1950's||-poor quality|-easy to machine harvest, high yields, but reduces ripeness||-From 1925 to 1928 he began experimenting with the high training system on the estate of his father, Laurenz Moser II, in Rohrendorf. After taking over the company in 1929, he founded the Lenz Moser vine nursery and used this new training system to plant large vineyards which he had leased from the monastery of Melk in Rohrendorf.
386
What are some of the benefits of the Lenz Moser vine-training method?
easy to machine harvest|high yields|allows better exposure to light|improves ventilation||-slows ripeness|-poor quality
387
What is the difference between a Viennese "Heuriger" and "Buschenschank"?
Heuriger are commercial restaurants run by big families or companies opened every day, usually associated with wineries and vineyards.||Buschenschanks (more common in Styria) are rustic, inn-like places with one or two rooms and a garden, run by a local winegrower. ||The name points to the typical bundle of twigs (Buschen) that can be found at the entrance. The bundle signals that the Buschenschank is open, welcoming people to enter. They are opened only for some days or weeks - maybe five or sixtimes a year. There are some restrictions by law - they only can serve home-made wine, juices and cold food etc.||*over the years that distinction has become very blurred
388
What is a Buschenschank?
Rustic, inn-like places around Vienna with one or two rooms and a garden, run by a local winegrower (more common in Styria). ||-The name points to the typical bundle of twigs (Buschen) that can be found at the entrance. The bundle signals that the Buschenschank is open, welcoming people to enter. ||-They are opened only for some days or weeks - maybe five or sixtimes a year. There are some restrictions by law - they only can serve home-made wine, juices and cold food etc.
389
What is the name of the Viennese inn-like places that are run by a local winegrower?
Buschenschank|(more common in Styria)|-They are opened only for some days or weeks - maybe five or sixtimes a year. There are some restrictions by law - they only can serve home-made wine, juices and cold food etc.||-Heuriger are commercial restaurants run by big families or companies opened every day, usually associated with wineries and vineyards.
390
Wine made in the Austrian state of Carinthia (Kärnten) is released under the name of which wine region?
Bergland||-In the wake of the current global warming, viticulture is enjoying a renaissance in Bergland, particularly in the winegrowing areas of Kärnten (Carinthia)||-The centres of viticulture in Kärnten (Carinthia) focus on the Längsee (Lake Läng) and the area around Hochosterwitz Castle in the district of Sankt Veit, the Lavant Valley, the district of Feldkirchen and the environs of Klagenfurt. Here it is the white members of the Pinot family that predominate||-There the cooler, Alpine climate traditionally favours early-maturing varieties such as Chardonnay, Müller Thurgau, Frühroter Veltliner, Bouvier, Muskat Ottonel, Pinot Gris, Blauer Portugieser and Blauburger.
391
Wine made in the Austrian state of Upper Austria (Oberösterreich) is released under the name of which wine region?
Bergland||-The character of these wines has been influenced substantially by the Atlantic climate and the nearby Alps.
392
Wine made in the Austrian state of Salzburg is released under the name of which wine region?
Bergland||-The character of these wines has been influenced substantially by the Atlantic climate and the nearby Alps.
393
Wine made in the Austrian state of Tyrol is released under the name of which wine region?
Bergland||-The character of these wines has been influenced substantially by the Atlantic climate and the nearby Alps.
394
Wine made in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg is released under the name of which wine region?
Bergland||-The character of these wines has been influenced substantially by the Atlantic climate and the nearby Alps.
395
What are the remaining 5 states of Austria that are not among the 4 that are well known for quality wine?
Vorarlberg|Tirol|Salzburg|Oberösterreich (Upper Austria)|Kärnten (Carinthia)||-all included in the Bergland wine region
396
What is the German name for Austria?
Österreich
397
What does Österreich mean in English?
Austria
398
What is Austria's northernmost winegrowing region?
Weinviertel||-The typical character of the Weinviertel's classic Grüner Veltliner is indeed a homogenous one, and this has been confirmed in a recent scientific study. So it is no wonder that the 'Weinviertel' with its classic peppery Grüner Veltliner made history as Austria's very first wine of origin in the new DAC appellation system.
399
Which of the 5 Austrian states that make up the Bergland region have the most hectares of vines?
Kärnten (Carinthia - 170 HA)||Vorarlberg - 10 HA|Tirol - 5 HA|Salzburg - 7 HA|Oberösterreich (Upper Austria - 45 HA)||-The centres of viticulture in Kärnten (Carinthia) focus on the Längsee (Lake Läng) and the area around Hochosterwitz Castle in the district of Sankt Veit, the Lavant Valley, the district of Feldkirchen and the environs of Klagenfurt. Here it is the white members of the Pinot family that predominate
400
Which of the 5 Austrian states that make up the Bergland region have the least hectares of vines?
Tirol - 5 HA||Kärnten (Carinthia - 170 HA)|Vorarlberg - 10 HA|Salzburg - 7 HA|Oberösterreich (Upper Austria - 45 HA)
401
Which of the 5 Austrian states that make up the Bergland region have the second most hectares of vines?
Oberösterreich (Upper Austria - 45 HA)||Kärnten (Carinthia - 170 HA)|Vorarlberg - 10 HA|Tirol - 5 HA|Salzburg - 7 HA||-After the decline in the 19th century, the land above the Enns River is now enjoying something of a renaissance; today one finds some forty-five hectares here under the vine. The sunny environs of the Danube River Valley, the Machland, the Linzer Gaumberg and the borders of the Eferdinger Basin are now supporting viticulture, as are the midsection of Oberösterreich, the hilly central district and the breezy vineyards of the Mühlviertel.
402
Which Austrian winegrowing state is influenced most by the Pannonian Plain?
Burgenland||-under the influence of the hot, continental Pannonian climate
403
What is another name for the Kärnten state of Austria?
Carinthia||-part of the Bergland region||-The centres of viticulture in Kärnten (Carinthia) focus on the Längsee (Lake Läng) and the area around Hochosterwitz Castle in the district of Sankt Veit, the Lavant Valley, the district of Feldkirchen and the environs of Klagenfurt. Here it is the white members of the Pinot family that predominate
404
What is another name for the Carinthia state of Austria?
Kärnten||-part of the Bergland region||-The centres of viticulture in Kärnten (Carinthia) focus on the Längsee (Lake Läng) and the area around Hochosterwitz Castle in the district of Sankt Veit, the Lavant Valley, the district of Feldkirchen and the environs of Klagenfurt. Here it is the white members of the Pinot family that predominate
405
What are the min. KMW levels in decreasing order for all of the Austrian wine categories?
Trockenbeerenause- 30°|Ausbruch- 30°|Beerenauslese- 25°|Strohwein- 25°|Icewein- 25°|Auslese- 21°|Spatlese- 19°||Kabinett- 17°|Qualitatswein- 15°|Qualitätswein Sekt- 15°||Landwein- 14°||Wein- 10.7°
406
What is the KMW requirement for Wein?
10.7° KMW
407
What is the KMW requirement for Landwein?
14° KMW
408
What is the KMW requirement for Qualitatswein?
15° KMW
409
What is the KMW requirement for Qualitatswein Sekt?
15° KMW
410
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Kabinett?
17° KMW
411
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Spatlese?
19° KMW
412
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Auslese?
21° KMW
413
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Beerenauslese?
25° KMW
414
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Strohwein?
25° KMW
415
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Icewein?
25° KMW
416
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Ausbruch?
30° KMW
417
Which Austrian wine categories have a minimum KMW requirement of 30°?
Ausbruch|Trockenbeerenause
418
What is the KMW requirement for Austrian Trockenbeerenause?
30° KMW
419
Which Austrian wine categories have a minimum KMW requirement of 25°?
Beerenauslese|Strohwein|Icewein
420
Which Austrian wine category has a minimum KMW requirement of 21°?
Auslese
421
Which Austrian wine category has a minimum KMW requirement of 19°?
Spatlese
422
Which Austrian wine category has a minimum KMW requirement of 17°?
Kabinett
423
Which Austrian wine categories have a minimum KMW requirement of 15°?
Qualitatswein|Qualitatswein Sekt
424
Which Austrian wine category has a minimum KMW requirement of 14°?
Landwein
425
Which Austrian wine category has a minimum KMW requirement of 10.7°?
Wein
426
Is chapitalization allowed for the Austrian Wein category?
yes||-grape varieties that imply geographic origin (i.e. Blaufrankish) are not permitted
427
What are the rules for the Austrian Wein category regarding labeling by grape variety?
Grape varieties that imply geographic origin (i.e. Blaufrankish) are not permitted
428
Which Austrian wine categories have a minimum alcohol requirement of 8.5%
Schaumwein (sparkling wine)|Wein|Landwein
429
What is the minimum abv. for Austrian Schaumwein?
8.5%||-all Prädikatswein in 5%
430
What is the minimum abv. for Austrian Wein?
8.5%||-all Prädikatswein in 5%
431
What is the minimum abv. for Austrian Landwein?
8.5%||-all Prädikatswein in 5%
432
What is the only Austrian PDO category to have a max. abv. requirement and what is it?
Kabinett Qualitätswein|-Max. 13%
433
Austrian "Bergwein" may be labeled if the vineyard slope exceeds what degree?
26°
434
Which categories of Austrian wine are required to dry the grapes for a minimum of 3 months?
Strohwein (straw)|Schilfwein (reeds)
435
Which Austrian wine can only be made in the village of Rust?
Ausbruch||-pronounced "Roost"
436
Which category of Austrian wine has a required RS max. of 45 g/l?
Lieblich||-(medium-sweet)
437
What is the name for the medium-sweet wines of Austria that cannot have RS higher than 45 g/l?
Lieblich
438
Which term implies a min. 13% abv. for all Austrian Qualitastwein?
Reserve
439
What is the min. abv. for "Reserve" Austrian Qualitastwein?
13%
440
Who was the first producer of sparkling wine (Sekt) in Austria?
Robert Schlumberger von Goldeck||-1840's|-Schlumberger Wein- und Sektkellerei GmbH with its seat at Vienna-Döbling is one of the leading producers of sparkling wine in Austria. ||-In 1973, it was taken over by the German Underberg company.
441
What is Robert Schlumberger von Goldeck known for doing?
1st producer of sparkling wine (Sekt) in Austria||-1840's|-Schlumberger Wein- und Sektkellerei GmbH with its seat at Vienna-Döbling is one of the leading producers of sparkling wine in Austria. ||-In 1973, it was taken over by the German Underberg company.
442
When was Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein established?
2015
443
What does Hauersekt mean on a bottle of Austrian Sekt?
Tirage, disgorgement and expedition performed by the grape grower
444
Which term on a bottle of Austrian Sekt implies that the tirage, disgorgement and expedition was performed by the grape grower?
Hauersekt
445
What are the only categories of Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein that require the "traditional method"?
Reserve|Große Reserve (Grand Reserve)|"Hauersekt"||*Klassik is the only one that does not require the "traditional method".
446
What is the only category of Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein that does not require the "traditional method"?
Klassik
447
What are the categories of Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein that require hand-harvesting?
Reserve|Große Reserve (Grand Reserve)
448
What are the categories of Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein that allow any sweetness level?
Klassik|"Hauersekt"
449
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category requires 30 months of lees aging?
Große Reserve
450
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category requires 18 months of lees aging?
Reserve
451
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category may not be sold before October 22 of the year following the harvest?
Klassik
452
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category may not be sold before October 22 of the third year following the harvest?
Große Reserve
453
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category may not be sold before October 22 of the second year following the harvest?
Reserve
454
What are the categories of Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein that do not allow blending for rosé wine?
Reserve|Große Reserve
455
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category permits a designated vineyard?
Große Reserve
456
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category has a maximum press yield requirement of 60%?
Reserve
457
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category has a maximum press yield requirement of 50%?
Große Reserve
458
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category has a maximum abv of 12.5%?
Klassik
459
Whats is the maximum press yield requirement for Große Reserve Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein?
50%
460
Whats is the maximum press yield requirement for Reserve Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein?
60%
461
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein category requires that grapes be harvested and whole-cluster pressed in a single Austrian municipality?
Große Reserve
462
Which Austrian Sekt Qualitätswein categories require that grapes be harvested in a single Austrian federal state?
Klassik|Reserve
463
Austrian Wein (w/o Geographical Designation) that is from grapes grown on slopes with an angle of over 26° may be labeled with what term?
Bergwein
464
What is the major downside to the Austrian DAC system?
Any wine that does not conform to the rules of the region must downgrade to a broader designation.||-Neusiedlersee, which is famous for sweet wine, has a DAC for Zweigelt.||-The Leithaberg DAC, but it does not cover Rust, so they have to release the wines as "Bergenland"
465
What was the first red wine DAC of Austria and when was it established?
Blaufränkisch from Mittelburgenland |-2005
466
What are the 4 most important Austrian grower associations that operate their own system of quality and branding?
Vinea Wachau|Eruption (Vulkanland Steiermark)|Pannobile (Neusiedlersee DAC)|Traditionsweingüter (Lower Austria)
467
Pannobile is a Austrian grower association based in which region?
Neusiedlersee DAC
468
Eruption is a Austrian grower association based in which region?
Vulkanland Steiermark
469
Traditionsweingüter is a Austrian grower association based in which region?
Lower Austria
470
What is the name of the most important Austrian grower association based in Burgenland?
Pannobile
471
What is the name of the most important Austrian grower association based in Vulkanland Steiermark?
Eruption
472
What is the name of the most important Austrian grower association based in Lower Austria?
Traditionsweingüter||-"Traditional wineries"
473
Which grape is cultivated in Styria and is famously used in Sturm?
Bouvier||-Discreetly grapey with delicate Muscat aromas, this extremely early ripening grape variety is used primarily for the production of fresh fruit juice (Most) and young wine in full fermentation (Sturm).||-A half-fermented, sparkling grape juice, usually accompanies harvest-time meals in Austria.
474
The Bouvier grape is most commonly grown in Styria and is typically used for what style of wine?
Sturm||-Discreetly grapey with delicate Muscat aromas, this extremely early ripening grape variety is used primarily for the production of fresh fruit juice (Most) and young wine in full fermentation (Sturm).
475
Chardonnay was not officially recognized in Austria until what year?
1986
476
What is the name used for Chardonnay in the Wachau?
Feinburgunder
477
What grape is a cross of Roter Veltliner x Sylvaner?
Frühroter Veltliner
478
What is the parentage of Frühroter Veltliner?
Roter Veltliner x Sylvaner||-In recent years, it has lost significance, and is mostly sold as table grapes, as a young wine, or as a simple house wine, particularly in the Thermenregion, Weinviertel and Wagram.
479
Who created the Goldburger crossing?
Fritz Zweigelt||-in 1922|-at the Teaching and Research Centre for Viticulture and Horticulture (LFZ) in Klosterneuburg
480
What grape is a crossing of Welschriesling x Orangetraube?
Goldburger
481
What is the parentage of the Goldburger grape?
Welschriesling x Orangetraube||-Created by Dr. Fritz Zweigelt in 1922 at the Teaching and Research Centre for Viticulture and Horticulture (LFZ) in Klosterneuburg
482
Almost half of the planting of Grüner Veltliner are in which Austrian region?
Weinviertel
483
Grüner Veltliner became the most widely planted Austrian grape in the 1950s because of the introduction of what?
Lenz Moser's training system||-It became the most widely planted in the 1950s because of the introduction then of Lenz Moser's Hochkultur (High Culture) training system.
484
What about Grüner Veltliner makes it well suited to Eiswein production?
Loose berries|Thick skins||-medium to very large; medium density; conical; shouldered, with large round to oval berries; greenish-yellow, to foxy-yellow on the sun-exposed side.
485
Is Grüner Veltliner related to Roter Veltliner or Frühroter Veltliner?
No
486
Outside of Austria, Grüner Veltliner is the second most widely grown white grape variety in what country?
Czech Republic
487
Lenz Moser's training system is also known by what name?
Hochkultur (High Culture)
488
Grüner Veltliner grows especially well in what type of soil?
deep loess soils||-the remnants of a large lake landscape that formed in the wake of the retreat of the sea about 11 million years ago.
489
In what part of Austria is Muskat-Ottonel commonly used?
Grown mainly at the Neusiedlersee (Lake Neusiedl) in Burgenland.||-great for sweet wines
490
Which Austrian crossing is often found in drier areas such as the Thermenregion and in Burgenland used alongside Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay and Grüner Veltliner for white Leithaberg DAC?
Neuburger||-Roter Veltliner x Sylvaner
491
Neuburger is most often planted in what regions?
Drier areas such as the Thermenregion and in Burgenland used alongside Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay and Grüner Veltliner for white Leithaberg DAC.||-The planting of this grape is heavily decreasing. There are two reasons for this: while Neuburger delivers excellent wine quality, it still cannot really compete with Grüner Veltliner; also, it can be weakened easily by disease and the vines could die.
492
Franz Hirtzberger produces wine in the Wachau from which unique grape that is rapidly being removed from most vineyards in Austria?
Neuburger||-The planting of this grape is heavily decreasing. There are two reasons for this: while Neuburger delivers excellent wine quality, it still cannot really compete with Grüner Veltliner; also, it can be weakened easily by disease and the vines could die.||-Roter Veltliner x Sylvaner
493
Johann Donabaum produces wine in the Wachau from which unique grape that is rapidly being removed from most vineyards in Austria?
Neuburger||-The planting of this grape is heavily decreasing. There are two reasons for this: while Neuburger delivers excellent wine quality, it still cannot really compete with Grüner Veltliner; also, it can be weakened easily by disease and the vines could die.||-Roter Veltliner x Sylvaner
494
In what conditions in Austria does Riesling usually thrive?
On primary rock soils, good exposure and cooler sites.||-not good in Burgenland, Carnuntum, or loess soils in Niederösterreich
495
Why has Roter Veltliner lost so much vineyard plantings?
Because the sites needed are extremely good for the Grüner Veltliner. The variety needs early warming sites with deep loess soils.||-only 9 hectares declared
496
What is Pinot Gris called in Austria?
Grauburgunder||-brought from Burgundy to Austria in the 13th or 14th century by Cistercian monks - which is why the variety once was referred to as the Grauer Mönch, or gray monk.||-Mostly in northern Burgenland and the Steiermark.
497
Grauburgunder is mostly planted in what parts of Austria?
Mostly in northern Burgenland and the Steiermark.||-vineyard area decreased continuously between 1999 and 2015
498
What grape is a natural crossing of Traminer and Roter Veltliner?
Rotgipfler||-Only in the Thermenregion can appropriate growing conditions with respect to climate and soil be found. Warm south-facing vineyard sites with good calcareous-based soils are necessary, otherwise shoot growth diminishes significantly.
499
Rotgipfler is a natural crossing of what two grapes?
Traminer x Roter Veltliner||-Only in the Thermenregion can appropriate growing conditions with respect to climate and soil be found. Warm south-facing vineyard sites with good calcareous-based soils are necessary, otherwise shoot growth diminishes significantly.
500
Which village in the Thermenregion is well known for their Rotgipfler and Zierfandler plantings?
Gumpoldskirchen
