TV/Film 55A

Question 0

What is Sound.

Answer 0

A vibration causing waves striking membranes in the ear stimulating electro-chemical signals interpreted by the brain as sound.

Question 1

3 Phases of Production and What Happens During Them

Answer 1

*Pre Production
••develop initial ideas(brainstorm/clustering)
••define target audience
••select cast and crew, gather audio and visual

*Production
••record or live broadcast the show

*Post Production
••assemble shots
••record/adjust audio
••correct some minor mistakes

Question 2

What are Sound Waves?

Answer 2

Longitudinal waves of compression and rarefaction.

Question 3

What are the parts of the Analog Wave?

Answer 3

1.) the electronic replication of sound. The analog wave is an analogous representation of the electrical components of an audio wave.
2.) amplitude is the measurement of polarity. Wavelength is the measurement of the distance to complete one cycle
3.)the frequency is the number of cycles completed per unit of time
1 cycle/1 second = 1 Hertz (Hz)

Question 4

Mic Pic Up Patterns

Answer 4

Omnidirectional

Bidirectional

Cardioid

Question 5

Different Mic Types

Answer 5

Handheld/Desktop

Lavalier

Shotgun

Question 6

What are the types of light?

Answer 6

*Directional
••Contained in a precise beam, producing harsh shadows. Examples: direct sunlight, spotlights.
*Difuse
••Spreads out quickly. Has no or little defined shadow. Example: overcast sky, floodlights.

Question 7

What are the types of shadows?

Answer 7

*Attached
••Affixed to an object. Helps in perception of shape form and texture
*Cast
••Independent of the object, tells where the object is, might tell when events take place, can evoke mood.
*Contrast
••difference between light and dark. Described as fall off. The speed at which light areas become dark.
—-fast fall off has more relative contrast; shows textures
—-slow fall off has less relative contrast; hides wrinkles.

Question 8

Types of Lighting Instruments

Answer 8

Spotlight–directional. Faster fall off.
Fresnel. (Lighthouse). Lowell omni light is portable.

Floodlights–non-directional. Slow fall off
Scoop: lamp with curved reflector.
Soft light: tubes reflected off curved surface.
Fluorescent bank: series of tubes
LED lights
Accessories: umbrella/soft box/balloon

Specialty: Ellipsoidal-for special effects.
Reflectors-for field production.

Question 9

Components of 3 Point Lighting.

Answer 9

KEY: Main light source–reveals shape. High or Low key refers to brightness of key

BACK LIGHT: Outline object against the background

FILL LIGHT: Controls Fall off.

BACKGROUND: Adds depth and dimension to the shot.

SILHOUETTE: Special effect to evoke mood or hide object

HORROR: Another special effect.

Question 10

Graphic Vectors

Answer 10

Created by lines or objects in the picture that lead your eye in the general direction

Question 11

Index Vector

Answer 11

Created by something points in a specific direction, such as someone’s hand pointing

Question 12

Motion Vectors

Answer 12

Created by moving objects or objects that are perceived to be moving

Question 13

Mix A and B busses

Answer 13

Makes dissolves between sources.

Question 14

Preview Bus

Answer 14

Sends signal to Preview Monitor only. Allows to audition sources before air.

Question 15

Key Bus

Answer 15

Serves as source for Key effects

Question 16

Multifunction Mixer

Answer 16

Busses are combined to perform multiple functions. Delegation controls added to assign functions.

Question 17

Video switcher/floor director

Answer 17

-before the show
• assists with production planning 
•assures a equipment is in place, performs equipment checks 
• briefs talent 
•assists quests
• prepares audience 
• coordinates rehearsal

Question 18

Video switcher/floor director

-during the show

Answer 18

• provides cues,timing and info to presenters talent and crew
• relays info info between control room and studio
• informs director of any off camera action
• manages program schedule for changes in action
• oversees safety issues
• dealing with technical issues.

Question 19

What is the essential area

Answer 19

Within the outermost 10% of the screen.

Question 20

Key

Answer 20

Cuts hole in base picture using another source, example CG,camera, slides. Used for layering titles or images such as a weather caster

Question 21

Types of keys

Answer 21

• normal or luminance key
• chroma key: base picture with keyed image layered on top
• matte key: uses 3 source sand can add online or drop effect.
• downstream key (DSK): a key effect mixed in after the program out the switcher

Question 22

ENG: Electronic News Gathering

Answer 22

EFP: Electronic Field Production
•videographer or shooter
•records the story
•assesses the situation, operates equipment, captures essence of event.

Question 23

EFP electronic Field Production with a Reporter.

Answer 23

• place reporter in location that tells part of the story
• in shaded area rather than in direct sunlight or in front of brightly lit background
• notice objects in background
• location protected from wind
• avoid small rooms or hallways-reflected sounds
• white balance

Question 24

EFP. Electronic Field Production

Answer 24

* virtual sets | * transmission: microwave to station, satellite uplink/downlink

Question 25

EFP | An out of studio broadcast or recording excluding news and single camera productions include:

Answer 25

``` Documentaries Sports Magazine news stories Investigative reports Outdoor travel shows or exercise shoots 2nd unit productions ```

Question 26

EFP electronic field production pre production

Answer 26

``` Remote Survey Host/Talent positions Camera positions. Lighting positions. Set requirements i.e. Desk chairs etc. Electrical needs Backgrounds Contact people Permits ```

Question 27

EFP electronic field production | Pre Production

Answer 27

Remote Location Location Sketch

Question 28

EPF. Electronic Field Production | Production

Answer 28

``` Checklist •A catalog of all the gear you will need to complete the production •Prepare for the weather •respect property •concern for safety •accurate logging •strike and cleanup ```