Two Small Cities in One Small Land Flashcards
(26 cards)
What were the important tribes that the Greeks belonged to, and what were the directions?
Dorians in the south and the Ionians and Aeolians in the north
Did the Greek tribes get along?
No. They were always insulting each other and always felt jealous
What was the one thing that united the Greeks?
Their religion and their sport
How were religion and sport connected?
Sports were used to honor the gods
Who was the father of the Gods?
Zeus
What was the prize that the winner of the sports competition won?
A simple garland made from springs of the wild olive
Why did the Olympic Games provide everyone an easy way to measure time?
They took place once every four years and were attended by all the Greeks
What was the Delphic Oracle?
In addition to the Olympic Games, the Delphic Oracle brought all the Greeks together. It was a sanctuary that had a hole in the ground that vapor came through. If anyone inhaled the vapor, nothing they said would have made any sense.
Who was Pythia?
The Priestess at Delphic Oracle, who sat in the hole and inhaled the vapor. Other Priests interpreted what she said as predictions of the future. Greeks from everywhere came to Delphi during hard times to receive the predictions.
What did the Spartans who were the Dorians do when they arrived in Greece in around 1100 BC?
They enslaved the people who had already lived there.
What was the Spartans one goal in life?
To protect themselves from others
Who was the Spartan’s lawgiver?
Lycurgus
What did the Spartans do to become tough?
They killed babies who seemed weak and beat boys to toughen them up
What happened at Thermopylae in 480 BC?
In obedience to their law, the Spartans allowed themselves to be massacred by the Persians
Why did the Spartans become so warlike and brave?
They lived in fear of their own slaves and were therefore used to it
Where did the word ‘Draconian’ come from?
By an Athenian named Draco who imposed harsh laws
Who was Solon and what did he do?
He was a nobleman who introduced laws in 594 BC that stated that the city’s people should decide the city affairs themselves. He made it more democratic.
Where does the word ‘politics’ come from?
‘Polis’ is Greek for city, ‘politics,’ the affairs of a city
What is a tyrant?
Individual noblemen who curried favor with the people to win their votes and then seized power, and were later expelled, and the Athenians really wanted to keep their democracy and did not want tyrants running the show, so they would overthrow anyone who was too popular
Who was Pericles?
The one politician who had all the power, who was a tyrant because he made the Athenians think they had all the power, but it was actually his decision
What was Pericles chief concern?
That Athens should maintain its power at sea and he achieved that through alliances with other Ionian cities who paid Athens for its protection and because of that, the Athenians grew rich
What interested the Athenians the most?
Truth and beauty
What was the feature of the Greek statues?
They were very natural and not posed
Who was the most famous sculptor and why?
Phidias, because he sculpted the Greek gods and made them look more natural
