TyChucks Buzz-Words for Anti-Biotics Flashcards Preview

Pharm Exam 3 > TyChucks Buzz-Words for Anti-Biotics > Flashcards

Flashcards in TyChucks Buzz-Words for Anti-Biotics Deck (35)
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1
Q

UTI drugs

A

Sulfa drugs
Nitrofurantoin
Fluoroquinolones (cipro and levofloxacin)
Flucytosine ===> 5-FU
Methenamine (don’t mix with sulfa – requires low pH, but low pH for sulda ===> crystals in your pee)

Add more??

2
Q

Combine with sulfa for sequential inhibition

A

trimethoprim

3
Q

Forms crystals in urine at low pH (and what is the most soluble form of this drug?)

A

Sulfonamides! Sulfisoxazole is most solube!

4
Q

Oral or IV use for MRSA

A

Tedizolid

5
Q

IV only for MRSA

A

Dalbavancin

6
Q

Oral for vancomycin resistant; most broad spectrum for vanco resistant bugs

A

Linezolid

7
Q

IV only for vancomycin resistant; side effects are arthralgia and myalgia

A

Quinupristin/Dalfopristin

8
Q

So well absorbed by GI that presence of food doesn’t effect absorption

A

Clindamycin

9
Q

Inhibits protein synthesis by 1)blocking peptide bond formation and 2) inhibiting the tRNA binding to 50S subunit

A

Retapamulin

10
Q

side effects include blurred vision, altered taste perception, severe hepatotoxicity; reserved only for severe respiratory infections

A

telithromycin

11
Q

Mostly treats G+, some G-, used for penicillinase-producing bacteria & mycoplasma

A

Erythromycin

12
Q

CSF distribution, conjugated with glucuronic acid (thus not used in infants!), must determine toxic anemia from aplastic anemia!

A

Chloramphenicol

13
Q

such a broad spectrum that it poses risk for superinfection. treatment can cause discoloration of teeth and phototoxicity

A

Tetracyclines

14
Q

“best” overall tetracycline that can be given oral or parenterally

A

doxycycline

15
Q

best tetracycline for preggers (isn’t excreted in titty juice as easily)

A

oxytetracycline

16
Q

Treats pseudomonas and klebsiellas that didn’t respond to penicillins or cephalosporins – often side effects ototoxicity, blocks NMJs, irreversible kidney damage… often resistance due to biofilms

A

Aminoglycosides

17
Q

Name of 3rd generation cephalosporins (they go to CNS)

A

Cefotaxime & Cefixime

18
Q

Which 2 UTI drugs should not be taken at same time?

A

Methenamine & Sulfas… Methanamines are only soluble at low pH, but at low pH sulfa drugs are less solube and can form crystals

19
Q

pt. has brown urine after seeing a different doctor for an unknown infection… what antibiotic is the pt likely taking?

A

nitrofurantoin

20
Q

Inhibits RNA polymerase, don’t need to modify for renal insufficiency, teratogenic, and increased metabolism of anti-coagulants (oh… and it causes orange pee)

A

Rifampin

21
Q

These nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors should be avoided in patients under age 17 to avoid cartilage damage

A

Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin)

22
Q

the most (not only) well absorbed (orally) anti-fungal drug

A

terbinafine

23
Q

this family of anti-fungals inhibit cytochrome p450 enzymes thus prolonging the half-life of any other drug patient might be taking!

A

-“azoles”

24
Q

drug of choice for fungal meningitis

A

Fluconazole

25
Q

low pH helps to absorb these 2 anti-fungals

A

ketoconazole & itraconazole

26
Q

2 members of the polyene anti-fungal group

A

nystatin & amphotericin B

27
Q

Treat pseudomonas (narrow spectrum G-) of the eye, skin, and mucous membranes with this drug

A

Polymixins

28
Q

Topical use only… BUT can be used in GI to decrease bowel flora prior to surgery

A

polymixins

29
Q

This B-lactam drug is VERY broad spectrum (G+, G-, anaerobes) but would be useless without co-infusion with______ (aka 2 answers to this question)

A

Carbapenems

Cillistatin

30
Q

Name the 4 B-lactam containing drugs

A

1) penicillins
2) cephalosporins
3) carbapenems
4) monobactram

31
Q

topical use only… narrow spectrum G+, thus usually mixed in ointments with aminoglycosides and polymixin (G-‘s)

A

Bacitracin

32
Q

Only to be used if bugs resistant to other drugs (ie penicillin resistant)… toxicity can cause hearing loss and kidney damage

A

Vancomycin

33
Q

Name the topical use only drugs (4 of em)

A

1) Retapamulin
2) bacitracin
3) Polymixin
4) Nystatin

34
Q

Use these drugs to treat anaerobes (4ish)

A

1) pipercillin
2) clindamycin
3) Imepenem / Carbapenem
4) 3rd gen cephalosporins (cefotaxime & cefixime)

35
Q

CNS drugs (5 + 2 only during meninges inflammed)

A

1) 3rd gen cephalosporins
2) Fluconazole (anti-fungal)
3) 5-FU (flucytosine)
4) Chloramphenicol
5) Sulfa Drugs

*Vanco & penicillins during meningitis