Types And Explanations Of Conformity Flashcards
(13 cards)
Who researched types?
KELMAN
What are the types?
Internalisation
Identification
Compliance
What is internalisation?
Person genuinely accepts groups norms- private and public change of opinion and behaviour. Usually permanent as attitudes internalised, so happens even in absence of groups
What is identification
Conform to opinion/behaviour as something in group we value. Change publicly but not privately as don’t agree with everything group does so we can be accepted
What is compliance
Go along with others in public but nothing changes in private. Only superficial change. Particular behaviour/opinion as soon pressure stops.
Who researched explanations? What did they develop?
Deutsch and Gerard
Two model theory
What are the explanations they found
Informative social influence and normative social influence(ISI/NSI)
What is informational social influence about?
When’s it likely to happen?
Who has better information-. Follow behaviour of group because we want to be right. It’s a cognitive process- to do with what you think. Leading to permanent change.
Likely to happen in situations new to a person or in crisis where decisions need to be made quickly
What is Normative social influence about?
When’s it likely to occur
About norms, what’s normal or typical.
Norms regulate behaviour of groups and individuals so it’s my surprising we pay attention to them. Don’t want to appear foolish and want social approval. It’s an emotional process. Temporary change
In situations with strangers where feel concerned about rejection, when concerned about social approval of friends. Or on stressful situations where need social support
PEE
Strength
Research supports NSI
P:evidence supports normative social influence as an explanation
E:Asch interview participants and they said they conformed because they felt self conscious giving correct answers as they were afraid of disapproval. When they wrote it down conformity fell to 12.5%
E: at least some conformity is due to desire to not be rejected by the group
PEE
Strength
Research support informal social influence
P: there is research supporting ISI
E: Lucas found his participants conformed to incorrect answers when maths questions were hard as although they knew their own minds when questions were harder they didn’t want to be wrong so they relied on other’s answers
E: shows ISI as a valid explanation
PEE
Counter point to research for ISI
P: unclear if ISI or NSI in research studies.
E: Asch found conformity is reduced when there is other dissenters, this may reduce power of NSI(social support) or power of ISI (alternative source of social information)
E: it’s hard to separate ISI and NSI as both operate together in real world
PEE
limitation
Individual differences in NSI
P: NSI doesn’t predict conformity in all cases
E:Some are concerned w being liked(nAffiliators- have a need for affiliation).
MCGHEE and TEEVAN- students who were nAffiliators more likely to conform
E: NSI underlies conformity for some more than others, some differences in conformity can’t be explained by one theory
