Types and Methods

Question 1

what is data transmission?

Answer 1

centre of all digital communication

Question 2

why is breaking down data into chunks necessary?

Answer 2

allows data to be transmitted faster from the sender to the reciever

Question 3

what is a data packet

Answer 3

small unit of data that can be transmitted from sender to receiver through a network communication protocol

Question 4

what is the structure of a packet

Answer 4

header, payload, trailer

Question 5

what does the header do and what does it contain

Answer 5

information is used by routers to determine source and destination of packet. Contains: sender’s IP address, reciever’s IP address, packet number

Question 6

what does the header do and what does it contain

Answer 6

information is used by routers to determine source and destination of packet. Contains: sender’s IP address, reciever’s IP address, packet number

Question 7

what does the payload do and what does it contain

Answer 7

carries the actual data. contains: data/part of message

Question 8

what does the trailer do and what does it contain

Answer 8

tells receiver that the end of the packet has been reached. contains: bits to shows end of packet

Question 9

advantages of packet switching

Answer 9

take different routes, transmission errors can be detected

Question 10

disadvantages of packet switching

Answer 10

packets may be dropped if they reach their TTL

Question 11

what factors determine which method is best for transmitting each piece of data

Answer 11

number of bits, number of wires, direction of data

Question 12

what is serial transmission

Answer 12

one single wire is used to connect, bits are transmitted one at a time

Question 13

advantages of serial

Answer 13

more reliable over long distance. bits arrive in order so wont be mixed up, chances of bits being lost is slim

Question 14

what is parallel transmission

Answer 14

multiple wires are used to connect the sending device and the receiving device, several bits sent at a time

Question 15

advantages of parallel

Answer 15

faster than serial

Question 16

disadvantages of parallel

Answer 16

bits may arrive out of order, expensive method to implement over longer distance because it requires multiple wires

Question 17

disadvantages of series

Answer 17

slow

Question 18

What does USB stand for

Answer 18

universal serial bus

Question 19

what type of transmission does USB use

Answer 19

serial

Question 20

devices that use USB cables to transfer data

Answer 20

digital cameras, keyboards and printers, and most external storage devices

Question 21

why is USBC better than USB

Answer 21

because data is transferred in both direction instead of one

Question 22

what is USB

Answer 22

communication interface that has become a standard for connecting devices to their parent or host controllers

Question 23

advantages of USB

Answer 23

it is universal, transfer power too,

Question 24

disadvantages of USB

Answer 24

multiple different cables

Question 25

What method does USB implement

Answer 25

asynchronous

Question 26

how many pins is the USB composed of

Answer 26

4 (two for connecting wires that transmit data and two for connecting wires that carry the power

Question 27

step by step of connecting USB to computer

Answer 27

device is detected due to change in voltage lines, speed type and configuration are determined, computer loads driver, computer prompts user to install driver if not already available

Question 28

benefits of USB

Answer 28

- once plugged in, device drivers install automatically (sell configuration) - connectors can only be connected in one way which ensure user connects it in the right manner (avoid damage) - transmission rates are supported - newer USB connectors are compatible with older USB standards

Question 29

methods for error checking

Answer 29

automatic repeat request (ARQ), echo check

Question 30

how does ARQ wrok

Answer 30

acknowledgment detects whether transmission is correct or not. If not data is resent until time out is reached

Question 31

what is acknowledgment

Answer 31

message sent by receiver to sender indicating data has come through. A positive acknowledgement suggests that transmission was completed without error, while a negative acknowledgement indicates that transmission had some errors

Question 32

timeout

Answer 32

time allowed to elapse

Question 33

how does echo check work

Answer 33

data sent from sender to reciever and data received is sent back to sender. compares sets for transmission

Question 34

error free transmition includes

Answer 34

direction, method of transmition, method of syncropnization

Question 35

direction can be

Answer 35

simplex, half duplex or full duplex

Question 36

transmission can be

Answer 36

series or parallel

Question 37

synchronization can be

Answer 37

synchronous or asynchronous

Question 38

what is simplex

Answer 38

one sending to another, onedirection

Question 39

what is half duplax

Answer 39

two diretion but only one at a time

Question 40

what is full duplex

Answer 40

two direction at the same time

Question 41

synchronous transmission

Answer 41

a continuous and consistent timed transfer of data blocks. These types of connections are used when large amounts of data must be transferred very quickly from one location to the other.

Question 42

asynchronous transmission

Answer 42

the transmission of data in which each character is a self-contained unit with its own start and stop bits and an uneven interval between them. Asynchronous transmission is also referred to as start/stop transmission

Question 43

example of simplex

Answer 43

keyboard, monitor

Question 44

example of half duplex

Answer 44

walkie talkie

Question 45

example of full duplex

Answer 45

telephone