Types of Aphasia Flashcards by Carolanne Pilch

Describe Brocas (nonfleunt) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming

Fluency- impaired
comprehension-spared
repetition- impaired
naming- impaired

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Describe global (nonfluent) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming

Fluency- impaired
comprehension-impaired
repetition- impaired
naming- impaired

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Describe TMA (nonfleunt) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming

Fluency- impaired
comprehension-spared
repetition- spared
naming- impaired

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Describe MTA (nonfluent) fluency, comprehension, repetition, and naming

Fluency- impaired
comprehension-impaired
repetition- spared
naming- impaired

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Broca’s clincial rundown

grammar-sterotypic~nonpropostional

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Key features of Broca’s

1.Agrammatism: grammar reduced to simplest forms, limited speech output; omitted yet obligatory parts of speech
2. awkward, effortful articulation
3. Relatively intact A/C, R/C
Generally good awareness/comprehension
4. Somewhat reduced prosody/melody

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Additional diagnoses often associated with Broca’s aphasia

Apraxia (motor planning, programming, intiation)
R hemiplegia (paralysis) hand, arm, leg
R hemiparesis (weakness) hand, arm, leg, face
Dysarthria (weakness)

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Artery that supplies Brocas

left middle cerebral artery, superior branch

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Broca’s aphasia additional SOL

White matter deep to Broca’s. Superior longitudinal fasciculus (dorsal) . Extreme capsule (ventral)

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Broca’s clinical rundown two

ORAL EXPRESSION–>nonfleunt–SYNTAX– agrammatic–OUTPUT– telegraphic
SEMANTICS- severe anomia (not retrieving words)

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Global aphsia is severaly impaired in all language modalities

AC, RC,
OE, & WE
-Likely nonverbal
-Alert & aware, can recognize people, places
-May gesture, use facial expression, point
-Cannot communicate through symbolic language

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SOL of Global

entire perisylvian region

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Blood Supply of Global aphasia

Blood supply from both major branches of MCA

-Damage to BOTH anterior and posterior language regions

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Transcortical Motor characteristics

REPETITION INTACT!! (so… fluent repetition?)
Impaired spontaneous speech
-Can’t produce own, but can repeat others language…..
-Limited organization & initiation of own speech, -language
Could provide one-word responses (yes, no)
-Otherwise, much like Broca’s
R hemiparesis
Paucity, slowness of moveents

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Transcoritcal Motor SOL

more varied, smaller
Outside of Broca’s area!!!
Just anterior to Broca’s,
And/or deep to Broca’s 
May involve supplemental motor areas anterior to 1* motor strip

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Blood supply to Transcortical Motor

ACA, and anterior branch of MCA

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Transcortical motor aphasia- lesions seperate premotr cortex from Broca’s so…

Cannot plan/sequence their own intended language-sentence. But, can repeat someone else’s sequenced phonemes/intended sentence

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Transcortical output and syntax

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agrammatic speech~syntax errors

paraphrasic errors~literal and verbal

SOL of wenicke’s aphasia

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posterior, superior L temporal, auditory association, & surrounding parietal regions
May also involve medial temporal lobe
Angular gyrus

Blood supply for Wernicke’s

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L MCA, inferior division

Wernickes issues

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Lack of awareness huge problem
No apparent physical issues!! (no hemi)
Minimal frustration, sound confused
May become depressed, isolated, paranoid

Wernicke’s clinical rundown

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ORAL EXPRESSION- fleunt- sterotypicSYNTAX-paragrammatic- neologisitc~SEMANTICS-nonpropositonal, mosltly propostional- paraphsic errors (unintentional)

Wernicke’s output and grammar

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paraphsic speech~literal, verbal and/or neologistic jargonistic
-intact grammar- mixture of intact and innacuate, variety of syntax

SOL for transcorical sensory aphasia

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posterior temporoparietal region (supramarginal, angular)

Spares Wernicke’s area & arcuate fasciculus

Allows brain to auditorily interpret SOMEONE ELSE’S spoken input and send forward to Broca’s for speech repetition! BUT

But lesions to association areas prevent Wernicke’s from accessing semantic knowledge or experience or other associational input

Transcortical sensory aphasia output and grammar

- full of paraphasia-semantic and neologistic - naming severely impaired - meaningless speech-intact reptition

SOL for conduction

- Arcuate fasciculus, (circuit between Broca’s and Wernicke’s, even though B & W are intact) - Anywhere along these fibers… more anterior makes it less fluent; more posterior makes it more fluent

In conduction aphasia repitition is disproportionally impaired to

spontaneous speech. PRimary feature-- CANNOT REPEAT

Receptive skills for conduction

AC is near normal May comprehend what they struggle to repeat RC generally not significantly impaired

Conduction Aphasia disrupted repetition

Paraphasic—literal Becomes worse as length increases Becomes worse as familiarity decreases More difficult to repeat functor words

Describe conduction aphasia in terms of syntax

paragrammatic- order of words, misappropriation of syntactical structures. Syntax might not be bad

Describe conduction aphasia in terms of semantics

paraphasic- verbal (might be related word), neologistic

Main problem in conduction aphasia

Repetition disproportionately impaired to spontaneous speech!!!

Conduction- AC? RC?

-AC is near normal May comprehend what they struggle to repeat -RC generally not significantly impaired

Anomic aphasia main problem

Main problem here is word-retrieval!!!!

Anomia is a...

symptom

anomic is a...

type of aphasia

Anomic aphasia SOL

- Temporal-parietal, generally - May extend into angular gyrus (WE, RC) - Least SOL-based of all aphasias

Anomic fluent?

yes-lengthy runs of speech, variety of syntax, not effortful, prosody and melody.

anomic syntax?

relatively intact, good. Not use paragramtic (most fluents are paragramtic)

Anomic AC? RC?

``` -AC relatively preserved But may fail to discern qualitative difference between words -RC may vary Could be fine Could be severe ```

Anomic- OE?

``` Fluent Good repetition!! Grammatic!! Word-finding errors No paraphasias Yet “empty” speech Circumlocutions Deliberately try to explain thing Vague quality ```

Anomic WE

may vary- fine to severe

Types of Aphasia Flashcards

(43 cards)