Types Of Conformity

Question 1

What are 3 types of conformity?

Answer 1

•compliance
•identification
•internalisation

Question 2

What is conformity?

Answer 2

Changes in an individual’s behaviour or beliefs because of real/imagined group pressure

Question 3

What is compliance?

Answer 3

Individuals publicly change their beliefs and behaviours to go along with a group or fit I but in private revert back to original beliefs

Question 4

How permanent is compliance

Answer 4

Least permanent and most superficial

Question 5

What is identification?

Answer 5

Possible private as well as public acceptance. Look for a group for guidance and adjust behaviour coz membership of group is desirable and want to take On a role within group behaviour may revert back to

Question 6

How permanent is identification?

Answer 6

Temporary short term
Only in the presence of groups

Question 7

What is internalisation

Answer 7

Publicly and privately changing their behaviours and beliefs to be in line with the group norm because we accept our attitudes into our own cognitions (internalise them)

Question 8

How permanent is internalisation?

Answer 8

Most permanent
Long term

Question 9

What are two explanations conformity?

Answer 9

Informational social influence
Normative social influence

Question 10

What is informational social influence?

Answer 10

The desire to be right when an individual is unsure or lack knowledge about how to behave they confirm by seeking information from the group and assume that it is right

Question 11

What process is informational social influence?

Answer 11

Cognitive process

Question 12

What type of conformity does ISI to lead?

Answer 12

Internalisation, which is the deepest conformity where they publicly and privately change

Question 13

What is normative social influence?

Answer 13

Desire to be liked the individual goes along with a group behaviour in order to avoid ridicule and gain acceptance for them to fit in

Question 14

What type of conformity does NSI lead to?

Answer 14

Compliance where individuals publicly change their views but privately revert back

Question 15

What type of process is NSI?

Answer 15

Emotional process

Question 16

What was the aim of Ash’s conformity research?

Answer 16

To investigate the effects of a majority opinion on individual judgements

Question 17

What type of experiment was conducted by Ash?

Answer 17

Lab experiment
Ecological validity

Question 18

How many people were in the sample of Ashes research?

Answer 18

123 American male students

Question 19

What is a confederate?

Answer 19

I research actor who is told how to act or behave

Question 20

What was My Asch’s research method?

Answer 20

• participants were placed into groups with 7-9 confederates
• they were shown two cards one was a standard line X and the other three comparison lines AB and C
• One of the comparison lines was the same length as the standard line and the other two was substantially different
• participants were asked to say which line was the same length as line X
• participants were always 2nd to last or last answer
• on 12 out of 18 trials the confederate gave identical wrong answers
•

Question 21

What were the findings of as research method?

Answer 21

• on average, the real participant gave the wrong answer 37% of the time
• participant confirm publicly during the experiment but not privately(compliance) even though the Confederate were wrong, they did this to avoid ridicule

Question 22

What explanation of conformity does Asch’s research suggest?

Answer 22

Normative social influence the desire to be liked
This is because the task is unambiguous (obvious) and participant letter stated a they knew the answer but confirmed in order to avoid ridicule

Question 23

What are three variables affecting conformity?

Answer 23

• group size
• unanimity
• task difficulty

Question 24

What is group size?

Answer 24

When the conformity rates increase as the size of the group increases

Question 25

Explain how group side has an effect on conformity

Answer 25

• 1 participant and 1 confederate conformity= 3% •2 confederate and 1 participant conformity increased to 13% • 3 confederate and 1 participant conformity increased to 32% • however it plateaued after this • This suggest the size of the majority has an effect on conform but only to a point 3

Question 26

What is unanimity?

Answer 26

Unanimity increases conformity rates as diaries complete agreement from all members of the group

Question 27

Explain how unanimity has an effect on conformity

Answer 27

Asch varied his study and had one confederate give the correct answer which was different to the majority then conformity dropped from 37% to 5.5% When a lone confederate gave an answer that was different from both the majority and the correct answer conformity dropped to 9%

Question 28

What is task difficulty?

Answer 28

Conformity rate increase when the difficulty of a task increases

Question 29

How did Ash vary the research to make the task difficult?

Answer 29

• Ash made the line X similar to the other lines in length so the correct answer was less obvious and the task was harder • ISI plays a great role when task becomes harder as when situations are unclear we’re more likely to look for others for guidance

Question 30

What is a social role?

Answer 30

Parts that people play as members of various social groups for example, teachers and students

Question 31

What was the aim of Zimbardo study?

Answer 31

To investigate how freely people would confirm to the roles of guard and prisoner in a role-playing exercise that recreated prison life

Question 32

What was the sample in zimbardo’s research?

Answer 32

Volunteer sample of 24 emotionally stable US male university students

Question 33

What was the procedure of Zimbardo’s study?

Answer 33

• volunteers were randomly (coin flip )allocated each student to the role of a prison or guard • prisoners-arrested at their homes, taken to prison searched Deloused and dressed in smock uniform • guards-given uniforms,(night stick) baten, mirrored glasses and instructed to keep prisoners under control without physical violence

Question 34

What did the uniforms create to the participants?

Answer 34

A loss of personal identity(de-Individuation) encouraging participants to conform to their social roles

Question 35

Where was the research conducted?

Answer 35

In the basement of the psychology department at Stanford University(converted into a mock prison)

Question 36

How did Zimbardo make the environment realistic to prison life as possible?

Answer 36

Prisoners were placed in cells and a regular routine of shifts meal times visiting times a parole and disciplinary board and the prison chaplain(priest)

Question 37

If the prisoner wanted to leave, what process did they have to go through?

Answer 37

Parole process making it more difficult to leave this lacks the participants right to withdraw

Question 38

What role did Zimbardo take on in study?

Answer 38

Superintendent

Question 39

What were the findings of Zimbardo study?

Answer 39

• within a day prisoners rebelled and ripped off their Numbers, guards responded by locking them in their cells and confiscating their blankets •as the experiment continued the punishments escalated • prisoners were humiliated and deprived of sleep-gods conducted headcount at 2:30 am • identification was noticeable by prisoners as they referred to themselves by prison numbers instead of names • Prisoners rapidly became subdued and depressed, showing serious stress related reactions-5 prisoners were released early due to showing symptoms of physiological disturbance • role-play was intended for two weeks but was called off after six days

Question 40

What were the conclusions of Zimbardo study?

Answer 40

• God’s prisoners and researchers (zimbardo) confirmed to their role within the prison • social roles have an extraordinary power over individuals making even the most well-adjusted capable of extreme brutality towards other