types of energy Flashcards
(30 cards)
chemical energy
energy stored within the chemical bonds of food
elastic potential energy
energy stored within a stretched or compressed object
nuclear energy
energy tstored within the nucleus of an atom
sound energy
energy that travels as vibrating waves that can be heard.
electrical energy
the energy posessed by moving charged particles
gravitational potential energy
the stored energy an object has due to its position above the earth
thermal energy
a measure of the total kinetic energy possessed by particles in a substance
kinetic energy
the energy posessed by moving objects
light energy
a form of energy that is visible
kinetic energy (in depth)
a form of energy that an object or particle has reason for its motion. mass and speed effect this energy.
kinetic energy formula
Ek=1/2 x m (mass,kg) v*2 (velocity, speed in metres per second), heavier object has more kinetic energy, or the speed its going = more kinetic energy. always measured in joules
gravitational potential energy formula
Ep=m (mass,kg) x g (gravity=9.8) x h ((height,cm)
what does gravity equal
9.8
what is gravitational potential energy measured in?
joules
energy transfer
when energy changes its location to one object to another. energy transfers are never lost. energy transfers are not efficient due to other energy losses such as heat energy.
energy transformation
when energy converts its form. eg a rollercoaster woud have gravitational potential energy as its about to start, then converts to kinetic energy when its going downhill/moving.
energy flow diagram
eg, a burning log would be chemical energy-> heat energy + light + sound energy
energy transfer vs energy transformation
difference between energy transfer and energy transformation is that energy transfer is when energy changes location when energy transform is when energy changes its form/type of energy. eg an energy transfer would be when you turn your phone on your phone heats up and and that heat transfers to your hand while an energy transform would be when you charge your phone it is electrical energy which converts to light energy when it is turned on.
law of conservation
the law of conservation energy clearly states that energy cant be created or destroyed.
energy efficiency
total amount of useful energy output from a device compared to the amount of energy put in.
energy efficiency formula
useful energy output divide by total energy input x 100
expansion of matter
expansion in matter: liquids expand when it is heated, this is because the average kinetic energy of the particles INCREASES. they move faster, the space between particles increases, particles occupy more space and volume increases.
degree of hotness vs quantity of heat
degree of hotness depends on SPEED of temperature vs quantity of heat depends on MASS and SPEED
Freezing point
0 degrees celcius
