Types of injury and injury prevention Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is an acute injury?
a sudden traumatic event
What is a chronic injury?
occurs over a period of time, repeated stress or overuse
What is a hard injury?
bone, cartilage, joint
What is a soft injury?
ligament, muscle, tendon, skin
What are examples of hard acute injury?
. fractures
. cartilage damage
. subluxation
. dislocation
What are examples of soft acute injuries?
. haematoma
. sprain
. strain
. abrasion
. blister
What are the examples of hard chronic injuries?
. stress fracture
. cartilage damage
What are the examples of soft chronic injury?
. tendonitis
. tendinosis
What is exercise induced muscle damage?
microscopic tears in muscle caused by eccentric muscle contractions, for example downhill running.
What are the intrinsic factors that can cause injury?
. previous injury
. muscle imbalance
. posture alignment
. body size
. nutrition
. lack of warm up
. fitness
. poor flexibility
What are the extrinsic factors that can cause injury?
. poor technique from coach
. equipment and clothing
. opponents
. environment
. warm & cool down
What must a warm up include?
. pulse raiser
. stretching
. skill specific
What are the aims for a pulse raiser?
. vascular shunt mechanism
. increase muscle temperature
. reduce injury muscles pliability
. enzyme activation
. increase O2 in muscles
What are the aims for dynamic and static stretching?
DYNAMIC
warm up joints
increase synovial fluid production
pliability
STATIC
muscle pliability
What are the aims for skill specific warm up?
. increase nerve transmission
. practise specific skills
. hand/eye coordination
. foot/eye coordination
What is the purpose to a cool down?
. to keep vascular shunt open and capillaries dilated, so that O2 can flush through the muscles, removing and oxidising lactic acid
. slow component of EPOC
. limits the effects of DOMS
