TYPICAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS IN PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

Question 1

Objective

▪ Based from clinician’s observation

Answer 1

SIGNS

Question 2

Subjective

▪ Subjective experiences of the patient

Answer 2

SYMPTOMS

Question 3

REMEMBER

Answer 3

However, psychopathological signs and symptoms are not clearly differentiated, they often overlap

Question 4

A ________ that make up a recognizable condition, is often used to show the overlap of the two.

Answer 4

syndrome, or a constellation of signs and symptoms

Question 5

state of awareness

Answer 5

Consciousness -

Question 6

perception modified by one’s own thoughts and emotions

Answer 6

Apperception

Question 7

(sometimes used as another term for consciousness) refers to the state of functioning of the special senses

Answer 7

▪ Sensorium

Question 8

– disturbed orientation regarding time, place, or person.

Answer 8

Disorientation

Question 9

– patient exhibits confusion, restlessness, bewilderment, and a disoriented reaction that is usually associated with hallucinations and fear.

Answer 9

Delirium

Question 10

– a state of perceptual and cognitive confusion.

Answer 10

Clouding of consciousness

Question 11

a general condition wherein the patient exhibits extreme unresponsiveness and loss of orientation to the environment.

Answer 11

Stupor

Question 12

a disturbance in consciousness, with hallucinations.

Answer 12

Twilight state

Question 13

– another term for psychomotor epilepsy or complex partial seizure.

Answer 13

Dreamlike state

Question 14

abnormal drowsiness, usually displayed in organic processes.

Answer 14

Somnolence

Question 15

– patient appears to be sleeping but is aroused easily.

Answer 15

Coma vigil (akinetic mutism}

Question 16

profound level of consciousness, abnormal state of deep stupor that is accompanied by a total loss of consciousness, loss of voluntary behavior and some reflexes.

Answer 16

Coma

Question 17

– selective aspects of perception; quantity of effort given to focusing on parts of an experience; ability to concentrate
paranoia.

Answer 17

Attention

Question 18

– the inability to concentrate or focus attention because patient is easily drawn to irrelevant external stimuli.

Answer 18

Distractibility

Question 19

– blocking out of anxiety-causing stimuli.

Answer 19

Selective attention

Question 20

– excessive focus and attention is given to all internal and external stimuli due to

Answer 20

Hyper vigilance

Question 21

• uncritical and compliant response to influence or an idea.

Answer 21

Suggestibility

Question 22

– emotional/mental illness shared between two (or three) persons; also called shared psychosis between two (or three) persons.

Answer 22

Folie a deux (or folie a trois)

Question 23

– artificially induced consciousness characterized by heightened suggestibility.

Answer 23

Hypnosis

Question 24

– a complex feeling or state related to mood and affect with psychic, somatic, and behavioral components.

Answer 24

Emotion

Question 25

– the expression or outward manifestation of emotion observable to others.

Answer 25

Affect

Question 26

– a normal condition wherein emotional tone is in harmony or is consistent with the accompanying thought, idea, or speech. It is also described as broad or full affect wherein a full range of emotions is appropriately expressed.

Answer 26

Appropriate affect

Question 27

– inconsistency between the emotional tone and the idea, thought, or speech accompanying it.

Answer 27

Inappropriate affect

Question 28

– characterized by a severe reduction in the intensity of the externalized feeling tone.

Answer 28

Blunted affect

Question 29

– reduction in the intensity of feeling tone. It is less severe than blunted affect.

Answer 29

Restricted or constricted affect

Question 30

– the absence or near absence of any signs of affective expression. It can be characterized by an immobile face and a monotonous voice.

Answer 30

Flat affect

Question 31

– rapid and abrupt changes in the emotional feeling tone which is unrelated to an external stimuli.

Answer 31

Labile affect

Question 32

– the sustained and pervasive emotion subjectively experienced and reported by the patient, and is observable to others.

Answer 32

Mood

Question 33

unpleasant mood

Answer 33

Dysphoric Mood –

Question 34

– normal range of mood

Answer 34

Euthymic Mood

Question 35

– the expression of one’s feelings without any restraint. It is frequently and overestimation of one’s significance or importance.

Answer 35

Expansive Mood

Question 36

– the person is easily provoked to anger and is easily annoyed.

Answer 36

Irritable Mood

Question 37

– moving between euphoria and depression or anxiety.

Answer 37

Mood Swings (labile mood)

Question 38

– characterized by an air of enjoyment and confidence. A mood which is more cheerful than normal but is not considered pathological.

Answer 38

Elevated Mood

Question 39

– intense elation with feelings of grandeur.

Answer 39

Euphoria

Question 40

– feeling of intense rapture or delight.

Answer 40

Ecstasy

Question 41

– the psychopathological feeling of sadness.

Answer 41

Depression

Question 42

– loss of interest and withdrawal from all regular and pleasurable activities. Often associated with depression.

Answer 42

Anhedonia

Question 43

– sadness that is appropriate to a real loss.

Answer 43

Grief or Mourning

Question 44

– the inability or difficulty in describing one’s moods or emotions.

Answer 44

Alexithymia

Question 45

– a feeling of apprehension that is caused by anticipation of internal or external danger/threat.

Answer 45

Anxiety

Question 46

– unfocused and pervasive fear that is not attached to any idea.

Answer 46

Free-floating anxiety

Question 47

– anxiety caused by a consciously recognized and realistic danger. person, at the same time.

Answer 47

Fear

Question 48

– motor restlessness associated with severe anxiety.

Answer 48

Agitation

Question 49

– unpleasant increased motor and psychological activity.

Answer 49

Tension

Question 50

– acute, episodic, intense anxiety attack associated with overwhelming feelings of dread.

Answer 50

Panic

Question 51

– dulled emotional tone associated with indifference or detachment

Answer 51

Apathy

Question 52

– presence of two opposing impulses toward the same thing, in the same

Answer 52

Ambivalence

Question 53

– loss of or decrease in appetite.

Answer 53

Anorexia

Question 54

– increase in appetite and food intake.

Answer 54

Hyperphagia

Question 55

– difficulty or lack the lack of ability to fall asleep.

Answer 55

Insomnia a. Initial – difficulty in falling asleep. (early onset) b. Middle – difficulty in sleeping through the night without waking up; difficulty in going back to sleep if awaken in the middle of the night. (middle onset) c. Terminal – early morning awakening. (late onset)

Question 56

– excessive sleeping.

Answer 56

Hypersomnia

Question 57

– mood is regularly worst in morning, immediately after awakening, and improves as the day progresses.

Answer 57

Diurnal variation

Question 58

decreased sexual interest, drive, and performance. | *Increased libido is usually associated with manic states.

Answer 58

Diminished libido

Question 59

– inability or difficulty in defecating.

Answer 59

Constipation