U&E's (Ur & Cr) Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is urea?
- The final waste product of metabolism
- AA are metabolised to ammonia (NH3) which is then metabolised to urea (NH2) by the liver.
What is creatinine?
A waste product of anaerobic skeletal muscle metabolism.
What is Cr an indicator of?
Glomular Filtration Rate
What are the four methods of calculating creatinine clearance?
- Cockroft & Gault
- eGFR
- Measured creatinine clearance
- Isotope determination of GFR
What is bilirubin?
A product of RBC breakdown
What does ALT stand for?
Alanine Transminase
What does AST stand for?
Aspartate Transminase
What does ALP stand for?
Alkaline Phosphatase
What causes an increase in blood ALT & AST levels?
Released into blood in response to cell injury.
What drugs may cause increased GGT levels?
- Phenytoin
- TCA’s
- Paracetamol
- Phenobarbitol
- Alcohol
What is the function of albumin?
- Provides osmotic pull in capillaries accounting for 80% of serum colloid osmotic pressure
What are the symptoms of hypoalbuminaemi?
- Oedema as water moves into the tissue
Name two blood coagulation tests
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
What drugs may cause liver damage/deranges LFT’s?
- Methotrexate
- Gold
- Allopurinol
- Phenytoin
- Statins
- Flucloxacillin
- Rifampicin
Which drugs may cause an increased bleeding risk?
- NSAID’s
- SSRI’s
Which drugs may cause fluid retention?
- NSAID’s
- Corticosteroids
Which drugs may mask or precipitate hepatic encephalopathy?
- Opiates
- Benzodiazepines
- Sedatives
