U1S6 equilibria

Question 1

What is dynamic equilibrium

Answer 1

• forward and backwards reaction are happening at same rate
• concentrations of reactants and products aren’t changing

Question 2

Le chatelier’s principle

Answer 2

• if a reaction at equilibrium is subjected to a change in concentration, pressure or temperature, the position of equilibrium will move to counteract the change

Question 3

LCP changing concentration

Answer 3

• increase conc of reactant, more product made to get rid of extra reactant, shifts to right
• increase conc of product, more reactant made to get rid of extra product, shifts to right

Question 4

LCP changing pressure

Answer 4

• only affects gases
• increase pressure shifts equilibrium to side of fewer moles to reduce pressure

Question 5

LCP changing temperature

Answer 5

• increasing temperature moves equilibrium to endothermic direction to absorb heat

Question 6

Production of ethanol with ethene and steam

Answer 6

• 60-70 atm, higher favours forward reaction, but are expensive
• 300 degrees C, lower temp favours forward, but are slow
• phosphoric acid catalyst

Question 7

Equilibrium constant and temperature

Answer 7

• if shifts so more product formed, kc will increase

Question 8

Equilibrium constant and concentration

Answer 8

• at given temp, kc is fixed
• if conc of one thing changes, conc of others will change to keep kc the same