U2-2 - Hydrocarbons

Question 1

Hydrocarbon

Answer 1

A compound which contains only hydrogen and carbon.

Question 2

A group of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

Answer 2

Homologous series

Question 3

Homologous series:

A group of _________ with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

Answer 3

Homologous series:

A group of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

Question 4

Homologous series:

A group of compounds with the _________ and similar chemical properties.

Answer 4

Homologous series:

A group of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

Question 5

Homologous series:

A group of compounds with the same general formula and _________.

Answer 5

Homologous series:

A group of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties.

Question 6

All alkane names end in …

Answer 6

-ane.

Question 7

Alkanes are hydrocarbons in which the C atoms are joined by _______ carbon-to-carbon bonds.

Answer 7

Alkanes are hydrocarbons in which the C atoms are joined by single carbon-to-carbon bonds.

Question 8

How many bonds does a carbon atom make?

Answer 8

Four

(because valency of carbon is four)

Question 9

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 9

Methane

Question 10

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 10

Ethane

Question 11

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 11

Propane

Question 12

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 12

Butane

Question 13

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 13

Pentane

Question 14

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 14

Hexane

Question 15

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 15

Heptane

Question 16

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 16

Octane

Question 17

General formula for alkanes

Answer 17

C_nH_2n+2

(Twice as many Hs as Cs, plus two more)

Question 18

Alkene molecules contain one …

Answer 18

double carbon-to-carbon bond, C=C.

Question 19

All alkene names end in …

Answer 19

-ene.

Question 20

What is missing from the name?

Butene

Answer 20

But-1-ene

Must show location of the double bond

Question 21

Isomers

Answer 21

Compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.

Question 22

General formula for alkenes

Answer 22

C_nH_2n

(twice as many Hs as Cs)

Question 23

Compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formulae.

Answer 23

Isomers

Question 24

Cycloalkanes have ___ structures.

Answer 24

ring

Question 25

**Cycloalkane** names start with ___ and end in \_\_\_\_.

Answer 25

**Cycloalkane** names start with **cyclo-** and end in **-ane**. (e.g. cyclopentane)

Question 26

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 26

Cyclohexane

Question 27

Name this hydrocarbon

Answer 27

Cyclopropane

Question 28

**General formula** for **cycloalkanes**

Answer 28

**C_nH_2n** | (twice as many Hs as Cs)

Question 29

Which **two** homologous series are **isomers**?

Answer 29

**Alkenes** and **cycloalkanes** | (Both C_nH_2n)

Question 30

This hydrocarbon belongs to the ... homologous series.

Answer 30

**alkene**

Question 31

This hydrocarbon belongs to the ... homologous series.

Answer 31

**alkane**

Question 32

This hydrocarbon belongs to the ... homologous series.

Answer 32

**cycloalkane**

Question 33

What makes this molecule **saturated**?

Answer 33

Only **single** **C–C** bonds.

Question 34

What makes this molecule **un****saturated**?

Answer 34

**C=C** (double) bond.

Question 35

Chemical test for **unsaturation**

Answer 35

Unsaturated compounds **rapidly decolourise bromine water**.

Question 36

A reaction that **splits up** long chain hydrocarbons into **shorter**, more useful ones by passing them over a heated catalyst.

Answer 36

Catalytic cracking