U2-Mass Transport Systems Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in U2-Mass Transport Systems Deck (25)
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0
Q

The Renal vein travels away from which organ?

A

Kidneys

1
Q

The Renal artery supplies which organ?

A

Kidneys

2
Q

The pulmonary artery travels towards which organ?

A

The lungs

3
Q

The pulmonary vein travels away from which organ?

A

The lungs

4
Q

Which artery travels away from the heart and to the body?

A

Aorta

5
Q

Which vein travels from the body to the heart?

A

Vena cava

6
Q

Which organ does the coronary artery supply?

A

The heart muscle

7
Q

The hepatic artery supplies which organ?

A

Liver

8
Q

The hepatic vein travels away from which organ?

A

Liver

9
Q

What blood vessel takes blood away from the gut, to the liver?

A

Hepatic Portal vein

10
Q

What are the five main features of a transport system?

A
Pump
Tubular network (arteries) 
Valves
Transport medium (blood)
System to control quantity (muscle)
11
Q

What is meant by ‘Mass flow’

A

Substances move at the same rate

12
Q

Which type of blood vessel carries blood from the capillaries back to the heart?

A

Veins and venuoles

13
Q

What type of blood vessel carries blood to the capillaries from the arteries?

A

Arterioles

14
Q

Which blood vessel connects arterioles and venuoles?

A

Capillaries

15
Q

Which type of blood vessel uses a muscle layer and to control blood flow (vasoconstriction/dilation) ?

A

Arteries and arterioles

16
Q

In a blood vessel (not capillary) what is the function of the tough outer layer?

A

To prevent bursting/aneurysm

17
Q

In small arteries and arterioles, what is the function of the muscle layer?

A

Constrict and dilate to control blood flow

18
Q

In arteries what is the function of the elastine layer?

A
  • Maintains pressure

- take surge of blood flow and recoils

19
Q

In a blood vessel what is the function of the squamous endothelium?

A
  • smooth to prevent clotting

- allows gas exchange in the capillary by offering a short diffusion distance

20
Q

How is tissue fluid squeezed out of the capillary?

A

High hydrostatic pressure caused by surge of blood

21
Q

What leaves the capillaries along with tissue fluid?

A

O2, glucose, amino acids, vitamins etc

22
Q

Why do the proteins (blood cells) remain in the plasma?

And what affect does this have on re absorption?

A

They’re too large to fit through the membrane of the squamous endothelium.
This lowers the water potential allowing dome of the fluid to be re absorbed, along with co2 and urea by diffusion
Excess fluid is taken up by the lymphatic system

23
Q

How is the capillary adapted to its function?

A

Squamous endothelium and close to cells create a short diffusion distance.
Lots of capillaries provide large surface area.
Blood flow maintains the gradient.
Narrow diameter allows red blood cells to run close to the endothelium, shortening the distance and slowing them down, allowing more time for exchange.

24
Q

What is the lymphatic system?

A

A series of blind ending tubes (one way) contains lymph which drains into the blood when it reaches the neck.

  • It drains excess tissue fluid
  • has a role in body defences
  • transports digested fat