The Renal vein travels away from which organ?
Kidneys
The Renal artery supplies which organ?
Kidneys
The pulmonary artery travels towards which organ?
The lungs
The pulmonary vein travels away from which organ?
The lungs
Which artery travels away from the heart and to the body?
Aorta
Which vein travels from the body to the heart?
Vena cava
Which organ does the coronary artery supply?
The heart muscle
The hepatic artery supplies which organ?
Liver
The hepatic vein travels away from which organ?
Liver
What blood vessel takes blood away from the gut, to the liver?
Hepatic Portal vein
What are the five main features of a transport system?
Pump Tubular network (arteries) Valves Transport medium (blood) System to control quantity (muscle)
What is meant by ‘Mass flow’
Substances move at the same rate
Which type of blood vessel carries blood from the capillaries back to the heart?
Veins and venuoles
What type of blood vessel carries blood to the capillaries from the arteries?
Arterioles
Which blood vessel connects arterioles and venuoles?
Capillaries
Which type of blood vessel uses a muscle layer and to control blood flow (vasoconstriction/dilation) ?
Arteries and arterioles
In a blood vessel (not capillary) what is the function of the tough outer layer?
To prevent bursting/aneurysm
In small arteries and arterioles, what is the function of the muscle layer?
Constrict and dilate to control blood flow
In arteries what is the function of the elastine layer?
- Maintains pressure
- take surge of blood flow and recoils
In a blood vessel what is the function of the squamous endothelium?
- smooth to prevent clotting
- allows gas exchange in the capillary by offering a short diffusion distance
How is tissue fluid squeezed out of the capillary?
High hydrostatic pressure caused by surge of blood
What leaves the capillaries along with tissue fluid?
O2, glucose, amino acids, vitamins etc
Why do the proteins (blood cells) remain in the plasma?
And what affect does this have on re absorption?
They’re too large to fit through the membrane of the squamous endothelium.
This lowers the water potential allowing dome of the fluid to be re absorbed, along with co2 and urea by diffusion
Excess fluid is taken up by the lymphatic system
How is the capillary adapted to its function?
Squamous endothelium and close to cells create a short diffusion distance.
Lots of capillaries provide large surface area.
Blood flow maintains the gradient.
Narrow diameter allows red blood cells to run close to the endothelium, shortening the distance and slowing them down, allowing more time for exchange.
What is the lymphatic system?
A series of blind ending tubes (one way) contains lymph which drains into the blood when it reaches the neck.
- It drains excess tissue fluid
- has a role in body defences
- transports digested fat
