U.3 Chem - Electricity Flashcards
(14 cards)
What is electricity?
The movement of electrons.
What are conductors?
Materials (like metals) that allow electrons to move freely and conduct electricity.
What are insulators?
Materials (like non-metals) that do NOT allow electrons to move freely and do NOT conduct electricity.
What are the two types of electricity?
- Static electricity (electrons stay in place)
- Current electricity (electrons flow through a circuit).
How can static electricity be created?
- Friction – Rubbing two objects together.
- Induction – Bringing a charged object near a neutral object.
- Contact (Conduction) – Touching a charged object to another object.
What happens in friction when creating static electricity?
Electrons transfer between objects, making them charged.
How do you determine if an object becomes positive or negative after friction?
Use the Electrostatic Series to see which material gains or loses electrons.
What happens in contact (conduction) when creating static electricity?
A charged object touches another object, transferring electrons to balance out the charge.
What is the main difference between conductors and insulators?
Conductors allow electricity to flow; insulators do not.
Gave up electrons are?
POSITIVE
Picked up electrons are?
NEGATIVE
What is induction?
Bringing a charged object close to a neutral object. Electrons shift temporarily, moving toward a positive charge and away from a negative one.
What is grounding?
Taking away a charge by allowing electrons to move to or from the ground.
What is the electrostatic series?
A scale that shows how materials gain or lose electrons. Some materials become positive, others negative when rubbed together.
