U4M1 pt1

Question 1

Why do cells divide

Answer 1

Reproduce the organism
- prokaryotes and single cell eukaryotes

Eukaryotic cells also divide to
- replace dead cells
- allow the organism to grow

Question 4

What phases of the eukaryotic cell cycle

Question 5

what is the definition of the cell cycle

Answer 5

a period of growth followed by nuclear division and cytokinesis

Question 5

what is cytokinesis

Question 5

what is mitosis

Answer 5

the division of replicated DNA equally and precisely

Question 5

what type of of cell division results in daughter cells that are exact genetic copies

Answer 5

mitosis

Question 6

what phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle does DNA synthesis occur

Answer 6

S phase

in interphase

Question 8

when are the centrosomes pulled apart in mitosis

Answer 8

during prophase

Question 9

What propels the centrosomes apart from one another during prophase

Question 10

How do the kinetochores of sister chromatids end up facing in opposite directions

Question 10

What role do non-kinetochore microtubules play during mitosis

Question 11

During prometaphase, the sister chromatids jerk back and forth. What causes this back and forth motion

Question 12

How does the size of the daughter cells immediately after cytokinesis compare to the size of the parent cell at the end of G2

Question 12

Cytokinesis divides the original cell into two daughter cells. How do these daughter cells compare genetically

Question 19

what phase of the cell cycle do cells spend most of their time

Answer 19

virtually all their time spent Interphase G1 of interphase

Question 19

what is interphase

Question 19

When does interphase begin

Answer 19

as daughter cell from previous division cycle enters initial period of cytoplasmic growth

Question 24

what are the internal checkpoints of the cell cycle and what do they do

Question 24

What do cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases control

Answer 24

the internal molecular controls that directly regulate cell division

Question 26

what is the concentration of cyclins like in the cell

Answer 26

it flucuates cyclically, activating the CDKs appropriately, tells the CDKs what point in the cell cycle the cell is at

Question 26

what do cyclins and cyclin dependent kinases do

Answer 26

activate/inactivate a large number of proteins associated with cell cycle events

Question 27

when is cyclin degraded in the cell cycle

Answer 27

the end of mitosis

Question 28

what is the concentratin of CDKs like in the cell

Answer 28

maintained at a constant level throughout the cell cycle

Question 29

how much cyclin is in the cell during mitosis

Answer 29

lots, the most it can get

Question 29

when is cyclin at its highest concentration in the cell

Answer 29

the middle of mitosis

Question 30

when is cyclin at its lowest concentration in the cell

Answer 30

interphase

Question 30

how much cyclin is in the cell during interphase

Answer 30

barely any, almost none

Question 31

at the G1 checkpoint, what happens if it gets the go ahead

Answer 31

the cell cycle will continue and go on the complete division

Question 32

continue on slide 16

Question 33

what factors decide whether the cell cycle will continue after the G1 checkpoint

Answer 33

- size - availability of nutriets - DNA damage (specifically p53 gene)

Question 33

at the G1 checkpoint, what happens if it does not get the go ahead

Answer 33

it will likely go into G0, a nondividing state

Question 34

what's the deal with the p53 gene