U5 Vocab

Question 1

Intensive farming

Answer 1

ag involving greater inputs of capital & paid labor relative to space being used

Question 2

Market gardening

Answer 2

Growing fruits & veggies for the purpose of canning & freezing

Question 3

Mixed crop livestock

Answer 3

Type of farming using an integrated system where crops grown are used to feed livestock on the same farm

Question 4

Ranching

Answer 4

Commercial grazing of animals confined to specific area

Question 5

Clustered

Answer 5

Rural settlement where houses & farm buildings of each family are situated close to each other & fields surround the settlement

Question 6

Linear

Answer 6

Rural settlement where buildings clustered along road or river

Question 7

Metes and bounds

Answer 7

Land survey system that uses physical features of local geography along with directions & distances to define land boundaries

Question 8

Fertile crescent

Answer 8

Region between Tigris & Euphrates in the Middle East known for arable land

Question 9

Neolithic

Answer 9

Ag rev that began in the 60s

Question 10

Third

Answer 10

Ag rev that was origin of farming, marked by domestication of plants & animals

Question 11

Double cropping

Answer 11

Harvesting twice/yr from the same field

Question 12

Bid-rent Theory

Answer 12

Geographic economic theory, explains how price & demand for real estate changes depending on distance from Central Business District

Question 13

Desertification

Answer 13

Previously fertile land becomes arid

Question 14

Slash and burn

Answer 14

Cultivation method where forests are burned & cleared for planting

Question 15

Irrigation

Answer 15

Watering crops by bringing in water by man-made means

Question 16

Aquaculture (HINT: Aqualung)

Answer 16

Name given to farming & raising of fish and marine life

Question 17

Fair trade

Answer 17

Farmers & producers are paid a just price for products

Question 18

Substinence

Answer 18

Farmers grow crops for consumption, not sale

Question 19

Mechanization

Answer 19

Ag; replacement of human labor w/ technology or machines

Question 20

Pesticides

Answer 20

Chems used to treat ag crops so as to kill any insects/animals that could try to damage them

Question 21

Milkshed

Answer 21

Area surrounding dairy farm where milk can be supplied w/o spoiling

Question 22

Dispersed

Answer 22

Rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms

Question 23

Extensive farming

Answer 23

Ag that uses fewer inputs of capital & labor relative to the amount of space being used

Question 24

Plantation

Answer 24

Type of ag where large commercial farms in tropical climates specialize in one crop, usually cash crop

Question 25

Pastoral nomadism

Answer 25

Subsistence ag based on herding domesticated animals

Question 26

Shifting cultivation

Answer 26

Ag when people move farming activity from one field to another

Question 27

Township and range

Answer 27

Rectangular land division scheme designed to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior

Question 28

Long lot

Answer 28

Distinct regional approach to surveying land in Quebec, Louisiana, & Texas where land is divided into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers or roads

Question 29

Columbian Exchange

Answer 29

Interchange of plants, animals, diseases, & techs between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus' voyages

Question 30

Second

Answer 30

Ag rev in which advances of the Industrial Revolution were used to increase food supplies & support pop growth

Question 31

Grain

Answer 31

Farming w/ growing of spring & winter wheat

Question 32

Carrying capacity

Answer 32

Max number of people an area can support

Question 33

Von Thunen model

Answer 33

model that explains ag land use patterns based on transportation cost; more intensive farming closer to the market, extensive farming further away

Question 34

Soil salinization

Answer 34

Water evaporates off newly irrigated land, leaving salt behind

Question 35

Terrace farming

Answer 35

Used on hilly terrain where steps are carved into steep land to provide flat area for farming and irrigation

Question 36

GMO (Genetically Modified Organism)

Answer 36

Acronym for organism whose genetic structure has been altered to make it more useful & efficient for humans

Question 37

Biodiversity

Answer 37

Variety of species within specific habitat

Question 38

Organic

Answer 38

Agriculture that avoids use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic inputs

Question 39

Food deserts

Answer 39

Little to no access to healthy, affordable food

Question 40

Agribusiness

Answer 40

Ag characterized by integration of diff steps in food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corps

Question 41

Domestication

Answer 41

Adapting wild plants & animals for human use

Question 42

Crop rotation

Answer 42

Using different fields for different crops year to year to avoid exhausting soil

Question 43

Enclosure acts

Answer 43

Laws that fenced land previously owned by villages & consolidated it into farms owned by individuals