U6 Weather

Question 1

What will increase if you remove vegetation from a hill?

Answer 1

runoff

Question 2

What will decrease if you remove vegetation from a hill?

Answer 2

infiltration

Question 3

Does evaporation require energy or release energy?

Answer 3

requires

Question 4

Maritime air masses will be more __________ than continental air masses

Answer 4

humid

Question 5

leeward side

Answer 5

the side of the mountain where the wind is going down; will have desert-like conditions (hot and dry)

Question 6

windward side

Answer 6

the side of the mountain where the wind blows in from the sea and rises over the mountain causing it to rain; it will be humid/wet/cooler on this side

Question 7

relative humidity

Answer 7

the actual amount of water vapor in the air/the amount of water vapor the air can hold

Question 8

Air will move from areas of _______________ pressure to areas of ______________ pressure.

Answer 8

high to low

Question 9

water table

Answer 9

the top part of the zone of saturation in groundwater

Question 10

What location on a coastal mountain range are you most likely to find cloud cover and precipitation?

Answer 10

On the windward side near the top

Question 11

El Nino

Answer 11

a cyclic weather event where the surface water of the Pacific on the west coast becomes warmer than normal and may cause NYC and the rest of the east coast to experience warmer, drier winters

Question 12

Hurricanes in the Northern Hemisphere rotate __________________ and the wind moves _________________.

Answer 12

counterclockwise (because of the Coriolis effect) and inward (the eye of the hurricane is low pressure)

Question 13

High windspeed on a weather map can be indicated by ____________________.

Answer 13

having isobars that are close together because that means there is a greater difference in air pressure in a smaller area so the air particles will move faster from high pressure to low pressure

Question 14

Storms in the US typically move in what direction?

Answer 14

northeast

Question 15

What can people do to best prepare for a tsunami?

Answer 15

plan evacuation routes to higher ground

Question 16

If you see 010 on a weather map representing air pressure, what would be the actual air pressure experienced at this station?

Answer 16

1001.0 mb (if the 3 numbers are less than 500 put a 10 at the front and then a decimal before the last number)

Question 17

If you see 955 on a weather map representing air pressure, what would be the actual air pressure experienced at this station?

Answer 17

995.5 mb (if the 3 numbers are more than 500 put a 10 at the front and then a decimal before the last number)

Question 18

runoff

Answer 18

water running off the land surface

Question 19

evaporation

Answer 19

liquid water is heated and turns into water vapor

Question 20

transpiration

Answer 20

water created from plants and trees enters the atmosphere

Question 21

condensation

Answer 21

when water vapor cools, the particles slow down and get closer together turning it into a liquid

Question 22

precipitation

Answer 22

when a cloud becomes full of water and the water droplets get too heavy they fall to the ground (snow, rain)

Question 23

groundwater

Answer 23

water seeps into the ground and may become part of the water table

Question 24

water table

Answer 24

the top surface of ground water

Question 25

barometer

Answer 25

measures air pressure (barometric pressure)

Question 26

wind vane

Answer 26

points to the wind direction

Question 27

one atmosphere

Answer 27

air pressure generally found at sea level (used as a unit of measurement for air pressure)

Question 28

fronts

Answer 28

boundary where different types of air masses meet

Question 29

cold front

Answer 29

cold air mass overpowers a warm air mass; can be violent

Question 30

warm front

Answer 30

a warm air mass overpowers a cold air mass (gentle/average rain)

Question 31

stationary front

Answer 31

neither front is winning; will result in rain for many days

Question 32

occluded front

Answer 32

a cold air mass catches up from behind to a warm air mass that is part of a warm front; this will "wedge" the warm air mass upwards between the two cold air masses and become a very violent storm

Question 33

freezing rain

Answer 33

precipitation that falls as rain and then freezes when it comes into contact with an object

Question 34

hail

Answer 34

when water droplets are supercooled due to an updraft in a storm (occluded or cold front) and forms balls of ice that will fall

Question 35

sleet

Answer 35

when rain falls but is then frozen in the cold air and falls as little pellets of ice

Question 36

sling psychrometer

Answer 36

measures humidity using a wet and dry bulb

Question 37

permeable

Answer 37

things are able to pass through

Question 38

air pressure

Answer 38

the amount of air particles in an area (high pressure=high density of particles)

Question 39

porosity

Answer 39

the amount of space between sediments

Question 40

permeability

Answer 40

the ability to move through something

Question 41

infiltrate

Answer 41

to move into something

Question 42

anemometer

Answer 42

measures wind speed

Question 43

precipitation gauge

Answer 43

measures the amount of precipitation

Question 44

gradient

Answer 44

change in field value over a given distance (field value may be elevation, temperature, air pressure, etc); same as slope; this equation is on the first page of the ESRT

Question 45

isolines

Answer 45

a line showing that every value on that line is the same Ex: same elevation (contour lines), same air pressure (isobars), same temperatures (isotherms) etc.

Question 46

Name 3 the greenhouse gases.