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Foundations 507 UE ROM and MMT > UE > Flashcards

UE Flashcards

1
Q

shoulder flexion muscles

A

anterior and middle delt, supraspinatus, pec major, coracobrachialis, and biceps brachii

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2
Q

shoulder flexion normal ROM

A

180
GH-120
AC, SC, ST - 60 degrees

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3
Q

testing position of shoulder flexion ROM

A

supine

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4
Q

shoulder flexion ROM lines

A

Stationary: midline of the trunk
Moving: greater tubercle of the humerus toward the lateral epicondyle

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5
Q

Shoulder flexion normal end feel

A

firm
due to tension from the posterior joint capsule

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6
Q

Shoulder extension muscles

A

lats, posterior delt, teres major, tricep brachii (long head)

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7
Q

Normal ROM of shoulder extension

A

60
GH- 25

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8
Q

testing position for shoulder extension ROM

A

prone

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9
Q

Shoulder extension ROM lines

A

stationary: midline of the trunk
moving: greater tubercle and the lateral epicondyle

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10
Q

Normal end feel for shoulder extension

A

firm
due to anterior joint capsule

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11
Q

shoulder abduction muscles

A

middle delt, supraspinatus, and biceps brachii (long head)

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12
Q

shoulder abduction normal ROM

A

180
GH: 125
AC,SC,ST: 55

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13
Q

testing position for shoulder abduction ROM

A

supine

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14
Q

testing lines for shoulder abduction ROM

A

stationary: parallel to the sternum
moving: anterior midline toward the medial epicondyle

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15
Q

normal end feel for shoulder abduction

A

firm
due to tension of glenohumeral ligaments, inferior capsule, teres major and pec major

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16
Q

shoulder adduction muscles

A

lats, pec major, teres major and minor

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17
Q

normal shoulder adduction ROM

A

usually not measured as it is full return to 0 from abduction; in order to get the arm across the body the shoulder needs to flex and internally rotate

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18
Q

shoulder External Rotation Muscles

A

Infraspinatus, teres minor, posterior delt

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19
Q

normal shoulder external rotation ROM

A

90

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20
Q

testing position for shoulder external rotation ROM

A

supine; shoulder abducted to 90 degrees

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21
Q

shoulder external rotation ROM testing lines

A

stationary: perpendicular to the floor
moving: ulnar styloid process along the ulnar border

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22
Q

normal end feel for shoulder external rotation

A

firm
tension anterior joint capsule

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23
Q

shoulder internal rotation muscles

A

subscap, teres major, lats and pec major

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24
Q

normal shoulder internal rotation ROM

A

70

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25
Q

shoulder internal rotation ROM test position

A

supine

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26
Q

shoulder internal rotation ROM testing lines

A

stationary: perpendicular to the floor
moving: ulnar styloid process along the ulnar border

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27
Q

shoulder internal rotation normal end feel

A

firm
tension from posterior joint capsule and infraspinatus and teres minor

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28
Q

muscles that do scapular abduction and upward rotation

A

serratus anterior and pec minor

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29
Q

serratus anterior 0/1/2 MMT testing position

A

short sitting with arm flexed above 90 and supported by therapist

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30
Q

serratus anterior MMT 3/4/5 position

A

Short sitting with arm forward flexed to about 130° and then protracted in that plane as far as it can move

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31
Q

PT handling in serratus anterior MMT

A

use one hand to give resistance in the backward direction and another had to stabilize the trunk below the scapula

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32
Q

where to palpate the serratus anterior

A

under the armpit

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33
Q

muscles of scapular elevation

A

traps (upper fibers) and levator scap

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34
Q

scapular elevation MMT 0/1/2 position

A

prone pt head turned way from the test side to reduce contribution from the levator scap

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35
Q

scapular elevation MMT 3/4/5 position

A

short sitting with good posture. hands relaxed on legs

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36
Q

Scapular elevation PT handeling

A

stand behind patient. hands over the upper traps giving resistance in downward direction

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37
Q

where to palpate the upper traps?

A

at the clavicle

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38
Q

scapular adduction (retraction) muscles

A

middle traps, Rhomboid major/minor

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39
Q

scapular adduction (retraction) MMT 0/1/2 position

A

prone with shoulder handing off the table; pt used hand to cradle patients shoulder and arm

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40
Q

scapular adduction (retraction) 3/4/5 position

A

prone with shoulder hanging off the table (90 degrees of GH abduction and 90 of elbow flexion)

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41
Q

scapular adduction (retraction) PT handeling

A

stand at side of the pt. stabilize contralateral scapular area to prevent trunk rotation. apply resistance in a downward direction

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42
Q

where to palpate the middle traps for scapular adduction (retraction)

A

between the spine of the scapula from the acromion to the vertebral column

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43
Q

what do you do for the scapular adduction test if the posterior delt is weak?

A

Have the patient hold the scapula in adduction as the therapist slowly releases the shoulder support. Observe whether the scapula maintains its adducted position. If it does, it is Grade 3. Would then also need to apply resistance closer to the shoulder.

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44
Q

scapula depression and adduction muscles

A

lower traps and lats

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45
Q

scapula depression and adduction (lower traps) 0/1/2 MMT position

A

prone; PT supporting the weight of the arm

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46
Q

scapula depression and adduction 3/4/5 MMT position

A

prone with test arm over head at 140 degrees of shoulder elevation and abduction. thumb pointed toward the ceiling (y-fly)

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47
Q

scapula depression and adduction MMT PT handeling

A

resistance given at the wrist straight down (be very gentle these muscles are usually weak)

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48
Q

where to palpate the lower traps and lats?

A

the inferior angle of the scapula

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49
Q

special note for scapula depression and abduction MMT

A

if patient does not have at least 120 degrees of shoulder flexion then they cannot do this test.

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50
Q

scapula retraction and downward rotation muscles

A

Rhomboid major

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51
Q

scapula retraction and downward rotation(rhomboids major) 0/1/2 MMT position

A

seated ; hand behind the back. Palm of the hand to the wall

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52
Q

scapula retraction and downward rotation(rhomboid major) 3/4/5 position

A

Prone with hand behind the back. Allow the shoulder to drop and have patient raise hand to the sky.resistance in an out and downward direction

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53
Q

where to palpate the Rhomboid major

A

under the inferior angle

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54
Q

scapula retraction and downward rotation MMT PT handling

A

PT should apply resistance down and out above the elbow

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55
Q

how could the patient “cheat” in scapula retraction and downward rotation?

A

by allowing the elbow extensors (triceps) to lift up

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56
Q

scapular depression and retraction muscle

A

lats

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57
Q

scapular depression and retraction(lower traps) MMT 0/1/2 position

A

prone ; patient lifts to (partial) extension and adduction for a 2

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58
Q

scapular depression and retraction MMT 3/4/5 position

A

prone; patient lifts to full extension and adduction

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59
Q

scapular depression and adduction/retraction (lower traps) MMT PT handling

A

Resistance with hand over medial forearm above the patients wrist in the downward direction

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60
Q

where to palpate the lats

A

the belly of the lats (lower back)

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61
Q

alternative MMT test for lats

A

the lift off test

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62
Q

shoulder flexion MMT 0/1/2 position

A

sidelying; stand behind the patient and cradle the test arm at the elbow

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63
Q

shoulder flexion MMT 3/4/5 postion

A

short sitting with elbow slightly flexed and forearm pronated

64
Q

shoulder flexion MMT PT handling

A

resistance going down just above the elbow, other arm supports the scapula

65
Q

shoulder flexion palpation

A

superior and anterior surfaces of the deltoid

66
Q

how could patients “cheat” in shoulder flexion

A

use their biceps

67
Q

shoulder extension MMT 0/1/2 positon

A

prone

68
Q

shoulder extension MMT 3/4/5 position

A

prone with palms facing the ceiling

69
Q

shoulder extension MMT PT handling

A

add downward resistance above the elbow downward

70
Q

shoulder extension palpation

A

posterior delt

71
Q

shoulder abduction MMT 0/1/2 position

A

supine; arm supported on the table

72
Q

shoulder abduction MMT 3/4/5 position

A

short sitting with elbow slightly flexed

73
Q

shoulder abduction MMT PT handling

A

stand behind the patient and give resistance in a downward direction

74
Q

where to palpate for shoulder abduction

A

middle delt

75
Q

how could the patient “cheat” in shoulder abduction

A

by using their bicep; shoulder will externally rotate and elbow will flex

76
Q

shoulder horizontal Abduction muscles

A

posterior delt

77
Q

shoulder horizontal abduction 0/1/2 MMT position

A

short sitting; PT should support forearm under the palm side

78
Q

shoulder horizontal abduction 3/4/5 MMT position

A

prone; shoulder abducted to 90 and foerarm off the edge of the table with elbow straight

79
Q

shoulder horizontal abduction MMT PT handling

A

Stand at the side. Ask patient to lift elbow up toward the ceiling. Apply resistance over posterior arm just above the elbow and push down

80
Q

where to palpate for shoulder horizontal abduction

A

posterior delt

81
Q

horizontal adduction muscles

A

pec major

82
Q

horizontal adduction MMT 0/1/2 position

A

supine: arm supported at 90 abduction and elbow flexed to 90

83
Q

shoulder horizontal adduction MMT 3/4/5 position

A

supine
whole muscle: shoulder abducted to 90 elbow flexed to 90
Clavicular head; shoulder abducted 60 with elbow flexed
sternal head: shoulder abducted 120 and elbow flexed .
Patient moves arm down and in for all

84
Q

shoulder horizontal adduction PT handling

A

Clavicular Head: resistance applied above the elbow in a downward direction (toward the floor) and outward.
Sternal Head: resistance is applied above the elbow in an up and outward direction

85
Q

shoulder horizontal adduction palpation

A

belly of the pac major

86
Q

shoulder external rotation muscles

A

infraspinatus and teres minor

87
Q

shoulder external rotation MMT 0/1/2 position

A

short sitting with elbow flexed to 90 and supported on the table

88
Q

shoulder external rotation MMT 3/4/5 position

A

short sitting with elbow flexed to 90

89
Q

shoulder external rotation MMT PT handling

A

stand in front of patient, one hand stabilizes medial elbow the other provides resistance to the dorsal surface of the forearm

90
Q

shoulder external rotation palpation

A

infraspinatus fossa and teres minor on the inferior margin of the axilla

91
Q

shoulder internal rotation muscle

A

subscap

92
Q

shoulder internal rotation 0/1/2 MMT postion

A

short sitting with elbow flexed

93
Q

shoulder internal rotation MMT 3/4/5 position

A

short sitting with elbow flexed

94
Q

shoulder internal rotation MMT PT handling

A

stand in front of the patient; one hand supporting the outside of the elbow the other hand providing resistance to the palmer surface of the forearm

95
Q

Elbow flexion normal ROM

A

140-150

96
Q

elbow flexion ROM testing position

A

supine; in supination, place towel under the distal humerus to allow for full extension

97
Q

elbow flexion ROM arms

A

stationary: lateral midline of the humerus
fulcrum: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
moving arm: lateral midline of the radius, radial head and radial styloid process

98
Q

elbow flexion normal end feel

A

soft tissue approximation

99
Q

elbow extension normal ROM

A

0

100
Q

elbow extension ROM postion

A

supine, supination with towel under the distal humerus

101
Q

elbow extension ROM testing lines

A

stationary: lateral midline of the humerus
fulcrum: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
moving arm: lateral midline of the radius, radial head and radial styloid process

102
Q

elbow extension normal end feel

A

Hard due to contact of the olecranon process and the olecranon fossa

103
Q

forearm pronation normal ROM

A

75-80

104
Q

forearm pronation ROM testing postion

A

sitting elbow flexed to 90 and thumb pointed to the ceiling

105
Q

forearm pronation ROM lines

A

stationary: parallel to the anterior midline of the humerus
fulcrum: lateral to the ulnar styloid process
moving: the dorsal surface of the forearm proximal to styloid process of ulna and radius

106
Q

forearm pronation normal end feel

A

Hard due to contact between the ulna and radius.

107
Q

forearm supination normal ROM

A

80

108
Q

forearm supination ROM position

A

sitting; elbow flexed to 90 and thumb pointed to the ceiling

109
Q

forearm supination ROM lines

A

stationary: parallel to the anterior midline of the humerus
fulcrum: lateral to the ulnar styloid process
moving: the palmer surface of the forearm proximal to styloid process of ulna and radius

110
Q

forearm supination normal end feel

A

firm due to the tension of the palmer radioulnar ligament and interosseous membrane

111
Q

elbow extension muscles

A

triceps brachii

112
Q

elbow extension MMT 0/1/2 postition

A

short sitting; shoulder abducted to 90 and elbow flexed to 45. limb should; PT should support the upper limb

113
Q

elbow extensionMMT 3/4/5 position

A

prone, forearm hanging over the side of the table.

114
Q

elbow extension MMT PT handling

A

PT stands to the side of the patient; one arm applies downward resistance at the proximal wrist and the other arm supports under the shoulder

115
Q

where to palpate for triceps extension?

A

triceps tendon or belly

116
Q

elbow extension substitutions

A

external rotation and horizontal abduction

117
Q

elbow flexion muscles

A

biceps, brachialis and brachioradialis

118
Q

elbow flexion MMT 0/1/2 position

A

Grade 2: Short sitting with arm flexed and internally rotated.
Grade 1: sideline

119
Q

elbow flexion MMT 3/4/5 position

A

Short sitting
Biceps Brachii: forearm in supination
brachialis : forearm in pronation
Brachioradialis: thumb leads

120
Q

elbow flexion MMT PT handling

A

short sitting; stand in front of the patient. one hand on the palm surface of the forearm proximal to wrist adding resistance and the other over the anterior surface of the shoulder

121
Q

forearm supination muscles

A

supinator

122
Q

forearm supination MMT 0/1/2 position

A

short sitting; support the forearm distal to the elbow

123
Q

forearm supination MMT 3/4/5 position

A

short sitting; stand at the side of patient; one hand supports the elbow and the other provides resistance to the dorsal surface on the forearm

124
Q

forearm supination substitution

A

patient might try to externally rotate and adduct the arm

125
Q

forearm supination palpation

A

The supinator distal to the head of the radius on the dorsal aspect of the arm

126
Q

forearm pronation muscles

A

Pronator teres and pronator quadratus

127
Q

forearm pronation MMT 0/1/2 position

A

Short sitting. Support the arm distal to the elbow.

128
Q

forearm pronation MMT 3/4/5 position

A

Short sitting with elbow flexed to 90 and forearm in supination

129
Q

forearm pronation PT handling

A

Stand at side of patient. One had supports the elbow and the other applies resistance on the palmer surface away from the patient body

130
Q

forearm pronation palpation

A

Pronator teres over the upper third of the flexor surface and the quadratus by the wrist.

131
Q

forearm pronation substitution

A

internally rotate the shoulder or abduction

132
Q

wrist flexion normal ROM

A

60-80

133
Q

wrist flexion ROM testing position

A

Sitting; shoulder abducted to 90 degrees and flexed to 90 degrees. Fingers relaxed

134
Q

wrist flexion ROM lines

A

stationary: lateral midline of the ulna
fulcrum: lateral aspect of the wrist, triquetrum
moving arm: lateral midline of the 5th metacarpal

135
Q

wrist flexion normal end feel

A

firm

136
Q

wrist extension normal ROM

A

60-70

137
Q

wrist extension ROM testing position

A

sitting ; shoulder and elbow flexed to 90 degrees. Have the patients bring their knuckles to the ceiling

138
Q

wrist extension ROM lines

A

stationary: lateral midline of the ulna
fulcrum: lateral aspect of the wrist, triquetrum
moving arm: lateral midline of the 5th metacarpal

139
Q

wrist extension normal end feel

A

firm

140
Q

radial deviation normal ROM

A

20

141
Q

radial deviation ROM testing position

A

Sitting; shoulder abducted to 90 and elbow flexed to 90. Palm facing down

142
Q

radial deviation ROM lines

A

stationary: dorsal midline of the forearm
fulcrum: dorsal aspect of the wrist over the capitate
moving arm: dorsal midline of the 3rd metacarpal

143
Q

radial deviation normal end feel

A

hard ; due to the contact between the radius and scaphoid

144
Q

ulnar deviation normal ROM

A

30

145
Q

ulnar deviation ROM testing position

A

sitting ; shoulder abduction to 90 and elbow flexed to 90. Palm facing down

146
Q

ulnar deviation ROM lines

A

stationary: dorsal midline of the forearm
fulcrum: dorsal aspect of the wrist over the capitate
moving arm: dorsal midline of the 3rd metacarpal

147
Q

ulnar deviation normal end feel

A

Firm due to tension of the ligaments

148
Q

wrist flexion muscles

A

flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris

149
Q

wrist flexion MMT 0/1/2 position

A

seated with the thumb up

150
Q

wrist flexion MMT 3/4/5 position

A

Short sitting; forearm is supinated

Flexor carpi radialis: wrist in radial deviation resistance is applied to the radial side of the hand in the direction of extension and ulnar deviation.

Flexor carpi ulnaris: place wrist in ulnar deviation , resistance is applied over the pinky side in the direction of radial deviation and extension.

151
Q

wrist flexion MMT PT handeling

A

Sit or stand in front of the patient. One hand supports the forearm under the wrist, the other hand supplies downward resistance over the palmer surface of the hand

152
Q

wrist flexion palpation

A

flexor carpi radialis - lateral wrist
flexor carpi ulnaris - medial wrist

153
Q

wrist extension muscles

A

extensor carpi radialis longus and bravis and extensor carpi ulnaris

154
Q

wrist extension MMT 0/1/2 position

A

short sitting with thumb up

155
Q

wrist extension MMT 3/4/5 position

A

Short sitting

Extensor carpi radialis: hand in extension and radial deviation. Resistance given in the direction of flexion and ulnar deviation

Extensor carpi ulnaris: extension and ulnar deviation resistance is given on the dorsal surface ulnar side of the hand.

156
Q

Wrist extension MMT PT handling

A

PT should be at a diagonal in front of the patient. Place resistance over the dorsal surface of the metacarpals

157
Q

wrist extension palpation

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus: palpate the tendon on the dorsum of the wrist in line with the second metacarpal

Extensor carpi radialis brevis: tendon on the dorsal surface of the wrist in line with the third metacarpal

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris: tendon on the dorsal wrist proximal to the fifth metacarpal just distal to the ulnar styloid process

Foundations 507 UE ROM and MMT (1 decks)

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