UE Random from Book Flashcards
(35 cards)
What occurs during the first phase of scapulohumeral rhythm?
Humerus: 30* abd
Scapula: minimal movement (setting phase)
Clavicle: 0-5* elevation
What occurs during the second phase of scapulohumeral rhythm?
Humerus: 40* abd
Scapula: 20* upward rotation, minimal protraction or elevation
Clavicle: 0-5* elevation
What occurs during the third phase of scapulohumeral rhythm?
Humerus: 60* abd, 90* ER
Scapula: 30* upward rotation
Clavicle: 30-50* posterior rotation, up to 15* elevation
What dyskinesia of scapulohumeral rhythm would you see with inadequate serrated anterior activation?
Lesser scapular upward rotation and posterior tilt
What dyskinesia of scapulohumeral rhythm would you see with excess upper trap activation?
grater clavicular elevation
What dyskinesia of scapulohumeral rhythm would you see with pec minor tightness?
greater scapular medial rotation and anterior tilt
What dyskinesia of scapulohumeral rhythm would you see with posterior GH joint soft tissue tightness?
greater scapular anterior tilt
What dyskinesia of scapulohumeral rhythm would you see with thoracic kyphosis or flexed posture?
Greater scapular medial rotation and anterior tilt
lesser scapular upward rotation
What is the angle of inclination of the humeral head? angle of retroversion?
Inclination = 130* retroversion = 30-40*
What does the superior GH ligament limit?
Primary = inferior translation of humeral head in adduction
- also anterior translation and ER up to 45* abduction
What does the middle GH ligament limit?
ER between 45* and 90* abd
What does the inferior GH ligament limit?
- Axillary pouch supports humeral head above 90* abd, limiting inferior translation
- anterior band tightens on ER
- posterior band tightens on IR
What does the coracohumeral ligament limit?
inferior translation and helps limit ER below 60* abd
What does the rotator interval consist of? what can injury to these structures lead to?
- fibers of the coracohumeral ligament, superior GH lig, GH joint capsule, and part of suprasminatus and subscap tendons
- lead to contractures, biceps tendon instability, and anterior GH instability
What parts of the brachial plexus innervates the GH joint?
- Branches of the posterior cord
- supra scapular, axillary, and lat pectoral nerves
What innervates the AC joint?
branches of the suprascapular and lateral pectoral nerve
What innervates the SC joint?
anterior supraclavicular nerve and nerve to subclavius m.
What is indicated by a step deformity?
A tear of the coracoclavicuar ligaments (second degree)
What is the main ligament for stability of the SC joint?
costoclavicular ligament
What are the signs and symptoms of TOS? What motions are especially aggregative?
Nuerological S and S:
Numbness, tingling, weak grip, loss of manual dexterity (intrinsics)
Vascular:
-Arterial = cool, pale extremity
-Venous = swelling, mottled discoloration
- abduction and ER of the arm aggregates symptoms
What must occur in order for test to be positive for TOS?
Tests must decrease pulse AND reproduce patient’s symptoms
Occurs when blood vessels or nerves in the space between the clavicle and the first rib are compressed
thoracic outlet syndrome
What are the most common causes of injury to the axillary nerve?
- anterior dislocation of the shoulder
2. fracture of the neck of the humerus
What are the most common causes of injury to the supra scapular nerve?
- fall on the posterior shoulder
- stretching
- repeated micro trauma (cocking and follow through seen in volleyball spiking and pitching)
- fracture of the scapula
-often occurs under transverse scapular ligament or as nerve winds around spine of scapula under spinoglenoid lig
